Relationship of the ultrasonic elastography parameter of thyroid carcinoma with the cancer cell growth and neovascularization in lesion tissue

Objective: To study the relationship of the ultrasonic elastography parameter of thyroid carcinoma with the cancer cell growth and neovascularization in lesion tissue. Methods:Patients with thyroid carcinoma who underwent surgical resection and were pathologically diagnosed in Dazhu People's Hospital between March 2015 and June 2017 were chosen as the case group, the patients who received ultrasonic examination and were diagnosed with benign thyroid tumor in Dazhu People's Hospital during the same period were selected as the control group, and the ultrasonic elastography parameter strain ratio as well as the oncogene expression and angiogenesis molecule contents in the thyroid carcinoma tissue and adjacent tissue was determined. Results: DMBT1, CCNG2 and Bax mRNA expression as well as ES protein level in thyroid carcinoma tissue were significantly lower than those in adjacent tissue whereas WIP1 and RET/PTC mRNA expression as well as VEGF, vWF and ANG-1 protein levels were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissue;DMBT1, CCNG2 and Bax mRNA expression as well as ES protein level in thyroid carcinoma tissue with strain ratio ≥3.14 were significantly lower than those in thyroid carcinoma tissue with strain ratio <3.14 whereas WIP1 and RET/PTC mRNA expression as well as VEGF, vWF and ANG-1 protein levels were significantly higher than those in thyroid carcinoma tissue with strain ratio <3.14. Conclusion:The testing threshold 3.14 of ultrasonic elastography parameter stain ratio of thyroid carcinoma can accurately assess the vitality of cancer cell growth and neovascularization in lesion tissue.

Synthesis and Characterization of Carborane-containing Poly(hydroxy ethers) with Excellent Thermal Stability

o-Carborane-containing poly（hydroxy ethers）（P1, P2 and P3） were synthesized via ＂advancement reaction＂ of o-carborane-containing bisphenol（4） and diglycidyl ether of bisphenols（DGEBA and 1）. FTIR and 1^H^-, 13^C^-, and 11^ B-NMR were utilized to characterize the obtained polymers. TGA test was conducted under nitrogen and air. It is found that the shielding effect of carborane moiety on its adjacent aromatic structures contributes to high initial decomposition temperatures, while oxygen in air has an adverse effect on the initial decomposition temperature. The oxygen can combine with polymer chain to form peroxide and hydroperoxide groups, which are more reactive during the degradation process. Besides, o-carborane-containing poly（hydroxy ethers） have high char yield at elevated temperatures. The boron atom combines with oxygen from the polymer structure or/and from air, thus to form a three-dimensional network linked with B―O―B and B―C bonds, and retain the polymer weight to a large extent.

Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Stability of Novel Carborane- Containing Epoxy Novolacs

Carborane bisphenol novolacs （3 and 4） were synthesized in the presence of acid catalyst from carborane bisphenols （5 and 6） and formaldehyde. Further epoxidization of carborane bisphenol novolacs with epichlorohydrin gave carborane bisphenol epoxy novolacs （1 and 2）. The molecular weight and epoxy value of obtained resins were determined using the molecular weight of their precursors. The epoxy values of 1 and 2 were 0.48 and 0.52 respectively, higher than the maximum theoretical epoxy value （0.45） of difunctional carborane bisphenol epoxy resins. FTIR and NMR were utilized to characterize 1 and 2. The curing behaviors were also studied by DSC and the optimized curing conditions were obtained. TGA analysis indicated that carborane moiety could shield its adjacent organic structures against initial decomposition. On the other hand, B--H on carborane cage could react with oxygen to form a three-dimensional network linked by B--O--B and B--C bonds, which further blocked the movement of formed radicals and thus the degradation process was inhibited.