Mechanism underlying the protective effect of Kaixin Jieyu Fang on vascular depression following cerebral white matter damage

The Chinese compound Kaixin fieyu Fang can be used to treat vascular depression; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study established a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia-caused white matter damage by ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries. Rats received daily intragastric administration of a suspension of Kaixin ]ieyu Fang powder. After 3, 7 and 21 days of treatment, the degree of white matter damage in the cerebral ischemia rat model was alleviated, Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression in brain tissue increased, and Bax protein and mRNA expression decreased. These results indicate that Kaixin Jieyu Fang can alleviate cere- bral white matter damage, and the underlying mechanism is associated with regulation of Bcl-2/ Bax protein and mRNA expression, which is one of possible mechanism behind the protective effect of Kaixin Jieyu Fang against vascular depression.

Research on the Performance of New Weighted Slippery Water Fracturing Fluid System

Deep and ultra-deep reservoirs have dense matrix and high fracture pressure, which leads to high pressure and difficulty in fracturing construction. Conventional aggravated fracturing fluids have the problems of low aggravation efficiency, high friction resistance, etc., and the reduction of construction pressure cannot reach the theoretical effect. In view of the above problems, this paper adopts the weighting agent HD160 and the drag reducing agent JHFR-2 to form a new type of weighted slippery water fracturing fluid system. And the weighting performance, drag reduction performance, corrosion performance, anti-expansion performance and reservoir damage of this system were studied. The results show that the density of the system is adjustable within 1.1 - 1.6 g·cm−3, and the drag reduction rate can be up to 68% at 1.5 g·cm−3, with low corrosion rate, surface tension less than 28 mN·m−1, anti-expansion rate as high as 94.5%, and the damage rate of the reservoir permeability is less than 10%, which is of good application prospect.

Dealloying induced nanoporosity evolution of less noble metals in Mg ion batteries

Rechargeable Mg ion batteries(MIBs)have aroused great interests,and using alloy-type anodes and conventional electrolytes offers an effective way to develop high energy density Mg battery systems.However,the dealloying-induced nanoporosity evolution of alloy-type anodes during the charging process has received less attention.Herein,using a magnetron-sputtered Mg;Bi;film as an example,we investigate its electrochemical dealloying and associated structural evolution in an all-phenyl-complex electrolyte by in-situ and ex-situ characterizations.The microstructures and length scales of nanoporous Bi can be facilely regulated by changing electrochemical parameters,and there exists a good linear correlation between the surface diffusivity of Bi and the applied current density/potential scan rate on a logarithm scale.More importantly,the self-supporting nanoporous Bi electrodes deliver satisfactory Mg storage performance and alloy-type anodes show good compatibility with conventional electrolytes.Furthermore,the charging-induced dealloying in MIBs is a general strategy to fabricate nanoporous less noble metals like Sn,Pb,In,Cu,Zn and Al,which shows advantages over chemical dealloying in aqueous solutions.Our findings highlight the significance of nanoporosity evolution of alloy-type anodes during dealloying,and open opportunities for the fabrication of nanoporous reactive metals.

Traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation and detoxifying in unstable angina pectoris:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine for activating blood circulation and detoxifying(ABCD)in patients with unstable angina pectoris.Methods:We performed an electronic literature search of six medical databases for relevant articles published up to December 2014.Randomized controlled trials that compared ABCD Chinese medicine(alone or alongside conventional drugs)with conventional drugs or other Chinese medicines alone were included.A meta-analysis was performed for the following outcome measures:reduction of angina symptoms,electrocardiogram improvement,blood lipid levels,inflammatory factor levels,and plasma fibrinogen levels.Results:In total,11 moderate-to low-quality studies involving 686 patients were included.The evidence indicated that ABCD Chinese medicine exhibited superior effectiveness in relieving angina symptoms compared with conventional drugs[relative risk,1.23;95%confidence interval,1.05e1.44];however,electrocardiogram improvement was not very significant(relative risk,1.21;95%confidence interval,0.91e1.62).Moreover,ABCD Chinese medicine exhibited superior anti-inflammatory,anticoagulant,and lipid-lowering effects compared with other medicines.Conclusions:Within the methodological limitations of the included studies,our results suggest that ABCD Chinese medicine is beneficial for the treatment of unstable angina pectoris.

抗神经节苷脂GD3抗体阳性慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病一例

患者男性,70岁,主诉四肢麻木、无力3月余,加重2天,于2022年4月30日入院。患者3个月前无明显诱因出现四肢远端麻木、无力,上肢可持物,下肢可行走,行走呈踩棉花感,当地医院行头部CT显示双侧陈旧性腔隙性梗死,脑白质疏松(图1);心脏超声显示左心房增大,左心室顺应性降低;双下肢血管超声显示双下肢静脉血流缓慢瘀滞;肌电图和神经传导检查显示双侧正中神经运动神经传导损害,双侧正中神经、腓肠神经感觉神经传导损害,考虑“周围神经病”,予以甲钴胺0.50 mg/次(3次/d)口服营养神经治疗后未见好转。

Discontinuity development patterns and the challenges for 3D discrete fracture network modeling on complicated exposed rock surfaces

Natural slopes usually display complicated exposed rock surfaces that are characterized by complex and substantial terrain undulation and ubiquitous undesirable phenomena such as vegetation cover and rockfalls.This study presents a systematic outcrop research of fracture pattern variations in a complicated rock slope,and the qualitative and quantitative study of the complex phenomena impact on threedimensional(3D)discrete fracture network(DFN)modeling.As the studies of the outcrop fracture pattern have been so far focused on local variations,thus,we put forward a statistical analysis of global variations.The entire outcrop is partitioned into several subzones,and the subzone-scale variability of fracture geometric properties is analyzed(including the orientation,the density,and the trace length).The results reveal significant variations in fracture characteristics(such as the concentrative degree,the average orientation,the density,and the trace length)among different subzones.Moreover,the density of fracture sets,which is approximately parallel to the slope surface,exhibits a notably higher value compared to other fracture sets across all subzones.To improve the accuracy of the DFN modeling,the effects of three common phenomena resulting from vegetation and rockfalls are qualitatively analyzed and the corresponding quantitative data processing solutions are proposed.Subsequently,the 3D fracture geometric parameters are determined for different areas of the high-steep rock slope in terms of the subzone dimensions.The results show significant variations in the same set of 3D fracture parameters across different regions with density differing by up to tenfold and mean trace length exhibiting differences of 3e4 times.The study results present precise geological structural information,improve modeling accuracy,and provide practical solutions for addressing complex outcrop issues.

Comparative analysis of primate and pig cells reveals primate-specific PINK1 expression and phosphorylation

PTEN-induced putative kinase 1(PINK1),a mitochondrial kinase that phosphorylates Parkin and other proteins,plays a crucial role in mitophagy and protection against neurodegeneration.Mutations in PINK1 and Parkin can lead to loss of function and early onset Parkinson's disease.However,there is a lack of strong in vivo evidence in rodent models to support the theory that loss of PINK1 affects mitophagy and induces neurodegeneration.Additionally,PINK1 knockout pigs(Sus scrofa)do not appear to exhibit neurodegeneration.In our recent work involving non-human primates,we found that PINK1 is selectively expressed in primate brains,while absent in rodent brains.To extend this to other species,we used multiple antibodies to examine the expression of PINK1 in pig tissues.In contrast to tissues from cynomolgus monkeys(Macaca fascicularis),our data did not convincingly demonstrate detectable PINK1expression in pig tissues.Knockdown of PINK1 in cultured pig cells did not result in altered Parkin and BAD phosphorylation,as observed in cultured monkey cells.A comparison of monkey and pig striatum revealed more PINK1-phosphorylated substrates in the monkey brain.Consistently,PINK1 knockout in pigs did not lead to obvious changes in the phosphorylation of Parkin and BAD.These findings provide new evidence that PINK1expression is specific to primates,underscoring the importance of non-human primates in investigating PINK1function and pathology related to PINK1 deficiency.

多酸修饰的CuBi_(2)O_(4)/Mg-CuBi_(2)O_(4)同质结光阴极用于高效光电化学转化

CuBi_(2)O_(4)作为最有前景的光阴极材料之一,其理论光电流密度可达20 mA·cm^(-2)。然而,在实际光电化学反应中,由于光生载流子复合严重,实际的光电流密度相较于理论值仍然存在显著差异。一般而言,光电化学性能在很大程度上依赖于光生载流子的高效分离和传输,以及快速的反应动力学。本文中,我们提出了一种多金属氧酸盐(多酸)修饰的CuBi_(2)O_(4)/MgCuBi_(2)O_(4)同质结光阴极。系统考虑了光阴极体相和界面的载流子传输:首先,通过CuBi_(2)O_(4)/Mg-CuBi_(2)O_(4)同质结中所构造的内建电场实现光生电子和空穴的定向转移;另外,多酸助催化剂Ag6[P_(2)W_(18)O_(62)](AgP_(2)W_(18))在反应过程中可被还原,进而可被用作质子存储载体,可在抑制载流子复合的同时促进界面光电化学反应。这种协同作用可在促进体相-界面载流子传输的同时解决界面缓慢反应动力学这一瓶颈。结果表明,本文所提出的光阴极实现了出色的光电化学性能,在0.3 V vs.RHE时,光电流密度达-0.64 mA·cm^(-2);而在使用H2O2电子牺牲剂后,相同电位下的光电流密度进一步提升到-3 mA·cm^(-2)。本文所提出的光阴极与已有研究工作中报道的最佳结果相比,具有相当的光电化学活性,证明了其在实际应用中的巨大潜力。

顶空气相色谱-质谱联用法同时测定食品用洗涤剂中的三种成分

建立了顶空气相色谱-质谱联用仪(HS-GC-MS)同时测定食品用洗涤中的甲醛、甲醇和1,4-二噁烷的方法。方法对顶空进样的影响因素进行了单因素方差分析和正交试验,确定最优试验条件;选择强极性色谱柱SH-Rtx-Wax(30 m×0.32 mm×0.25μm)进行分离;采用选择离子扫描(SIM)模式和外标法定量分析。实验结果表明,甲醛、甲醇和1,4-二噁烷分别在8~200,8~200和2~50μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,检出限(LOD)在0.10~0.60μg/mL,定量限(LOQ)在0.29~1.78μg/mL;对实际样品添加低、中、高三个水平进行加标回收和精密度试验,加标回收率在84.0%~101.9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.5%~3.7%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、重复性好,能够满足食品用洗涤剂中甲醛、甲醇、1,4-二噁烷同时测定的要求,同时也为我国食品用洗涤剂相关安全指标提供技术依据和参考。

Genetically modified pigs:Emerging animal models for hereditary hearing loss

Hereditary hearing loss(HHL),a genetic disorder that impairs auditory function,significantly affects quality of life and incurs substantial economic losses for society.To investigate the underlying causes of HHL and evaluate therapeutic outcomes,appropriate animal models are necessary.Pigs have been extensively used as valuable large animal models in biomedical research.In this review,we highlight the advantages of pig models in terms of ear anatomy,inner ear morphology,and electrophysiological characteristics,as well as recent advancements in the development of distinct genetically modified porcine models of hearing loss.Additionally,we discuss the prospects,challenges,and recommendations regarding the use pig models in HHL research.Overall,this review provides insights and perspectives for future studies on HHL using porcine models.

Malignant glaucoma treated by low-dose laser cycloplasty: a 1-year multicenter prospective noncomparative study

AIM:To report a one-year clinical outcomes of low-dose laser cycloplasty(LCP)among malignant glaucoma patients.METHODS:In this prospective,multicenter,noncomparative clinical study,participants with malignant glaucoma were recruited and underwent LCP at eight ophthalmic centers in China.Patients were followed up at 1wk,1,3,6,and 12mo.Intraocular pressure(IOP),number of glaucoma medications,anterior chamber depth(ACD),and complications were recorded.Anatomical success was defined as the reformation of the anterior chamber based on slit-lamp biomicroscopy.Recurrence was defined by the presence of a shallow orflat anterior chamber after initial recovery from treatment.RESULTS:A total of 34 eyes received LCP.Mean IOP and medications decreased from 36.1±11.5 mm Hg with 3.3±1.5 glaucoma medications pre-treatment to 20.9±9.8 mm Hg(P<0.001)with 2.9±1.6 medications(P=0.046)at 1d,and 17.4±6.7 mm Hg(P<0.001)with 1.3±1.7 medications(P<0.001)at 12mo.The ACD increased from 1.1±0.8 mm at baseline to 1.7±1.0 mm and to 2.0±0.5 mm at 1d and 12mo,respectively.A total of 32(94.1%)eyes achieved initial anatomical success.During follow-up,2(5.9%)eyes failed and 8(23.5%)eyes relapsed,yielding a 12-month anatomical success rate of 64.3%.Complications including anterior synechia(8.82%),choroidal/ciliary detachment(5.88%)and hypopyon(2.94%)were observed within 1wk.CONCLUSION:LCP is simple,safe,and effective in reforming the anterior chamber in malignant glaucoma.

IRS Assisted UAV Communications against Proactive Eavesdropping in Mobile Edge Computing Networks

In this paper,we consider mobile edge computing(MEC)networks against proactive eavesdropping.To maximize the transmission rate,IRS assisted UAV communications are applied.We take the joint design of the trajectory of UAV,the transmitting beamforming of users,and the phase shift matrix of IRS.The original problem is strong non-convex and difficult to solve.We first propose two basic modes of the proactive eavesdropper,and obtain the closed-form solution for the boundary conditions of the two modes.Then we transform the original problem into an equivalent one and propose an alternating optimization(AO)based method to obtain a local optimal solution.The convergence of the algorithm is illustrated by numerical results.Further,we propose a zero forcing(ZF)based method as sub-optimal solution,and the simulation section shows that the proposed two schemes could obtain better performance compared with traditional schemes.

Multi-systemic melioidosis in a patient with type 2 diabetes in nonendemic areas:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Melioidosis,an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei(B.pseudomallei),occurs endemically in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia and is a serious opportunistic infection associated with a high mortality rate.CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old woman presented with scattered erythema on the skin of her limbs,followed by fever and seizures.B.pseudomallei was isolated successively from the patient’s urine,blood,and pus.Magnetic resonance imaging showed abscess formation involving the right forehead and the right frontal region.Subsequently,abscess resection and drainage were performed.The patient showed no signs of relapse after 4 months of follow-up visits post-treatment.CONCLUSION We present here a unique case of multi-systemic melioidosis that occurs in nonendemic regions in a patient who had no recent travel history.Hence,it is critical to enhance awareness of melioidosis in non-endemic regions.

基于PLC的校园供水控制系统

本文通过理实一体化实践基于PLC校园供水控制系统的创新设计,采用可编程序控制技术和当前较为成熟的变频调速技术,结合新型传感器在采用实时比例、积分和微分三种控制策略下的控制算法以达到对系统实现闭环控制,最终实现维持水压恒定进行供水。同时,采用西门子S7系列编程软件对控制程序进行编写,实现手动控制以及自动控制两种控制要求。使用McgsPro组态软件对上机位进行设计,能满足远程控制与监控、数据记录等功能,最终实现全方位监测与调试。

Effects of thinning and understory removal on water use efficiency of Pinus massoniana:evidence from photosynthetic capacity and stable carbon isotope analyses

Understanding the relationship between forest management and water use efficiency(WUE)is important for evaluating forest adaptability to climate change.However,the effects of thinning and understory removal on WUE and its key controlling processes are not well understood,which limits our comprehension of the physiological mechanisms of various management practices.In this study,four forest management measures(no thinning:NT;understory removal:UR;light thinning:LT;and heavy thinning:HT)were carried out in Pinus massoniana plantations in a subtropical region of China.Photosynthetic capacity and needle stable carbon isotope composition(δ^(13)C)were measured to assess instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE_(inst))and long-term water use efficiency(WUE_(i)).Multiple regression models and structural equation modelling(SEM)identified the effects of soil properties and physiological performances on WUE_(inst)and WUE_(i).The results show that WUE_(inst)values among the four treatments were insignificant.However,compared with the NT stand(35.8μmol·mol^(-1)),WUE_(i)values significantly increased to 41.7μmol·mol^(-1)in the UR,50.1μmol·mol^(-1)in the LT and 46.6μmol·mol^(-1)in HT treatments,largely explained by photosynthetic capacity and soil water content.Understory removal did not change physiological performance(needle water potential and photosynthetic capacity).Thinning increased the net photosynthetic rate(A_n)but not stomatal conductance(g_s)or predawn needle water potential(ψ_(pd)),implying that the improvement in water use efficiency for thinned stands was largely driven by radiation interception than by soil water availability.In general,thinning may be an appropriate management measure to promote P.massoniana WUE to cope with seasonal droughts under future extreme climates.

Gabapentinoids for the treatment of stroke

Gabapentinoid drugs(pregabalin and gabapentin) have been successfully used in the treatment of neuro pathic pain and in focal seizure prevention.Recent research has demonstrated their potent activities in modulating neurotransmitter release in neuronal tissue,oxidative stress,and inflammation,which matches the mechanism of action via voltage-gated calcium channels.In this review,we briefly elaborate on the medicinal history and ligand-binding sites of gabapentinoids.We systematically summarize the preclinical and clinical research on gabapentinoids in stroke,including ischemic stro ke,intracerebral hemorrhage,subarachnoid hemorrhage,seizures after stro ke,cortical spreading depolarization after stroke,pain after stroke,and nerve regeneration after stro ke.This review also discusses the potential to rgets of gabapentinoids in stroke;however,the existing results are still unce rtain regarding the effect of gabapentinoids on stroke and related diseases.Further preclinical and clinical trials are needed to test the therapeutic potential of gabapentinoids in stroke.Therefore,gabapentinoids have both opportunities and challenges in the treatment of stroke.

Flotation separation of scheelite from calcite using luteolin as a novel depressant

This paper proposes luteolin(LUT)as a novel depressant for the flotation-based separation of scheelite and calcite in a sodium oleate(NaOL)system.The suitability of LUT as a calcite depressant is confirmed through micro-flotation testing.At pH=9,with LUT concentration of 50 mg·L^(-1) and NaOL concentration of 50 mg·L^(-1),scheelite recovery reaches 80.3%.Calcite,on the other hand,exhibits a recovery rate of 17.6%,indicating a significant difference in floatability between the two minerals.Subsequently,the surface modifica-tions of scheelite and calcite following LUT treatment are characterized using adsorption capacity testing,Zeta potential analysis,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and atomic force microscopy(AFM).The study in-vestigates the selective depressant mechanism of LUT on calcite.Adsorption capacity testing and Zeta potential analysis demonstrate sub-stantial absorption of LUT on the surface of calcite,impeding the further adsorption of sodium oleate,while its impact on scheelite is min-imal.FT-IR and XPS analyses reveal the selective adsorption of LUT onto the surface of calcite,forming strong chemisorption bonds between the hydroxyl group and calcium ions present.AFM directly illustrates the distinct adsorption densities of LUT on the two miner-al types.Consequently,LUT can effectively serve as a depressant for calcite,enabling the successful separation of scheelite and calcite.

Effect of thinning intensity on the carbon sequestration of natural mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests in Xiaoxing'an Mountains, China

To study the effect of thinning intensity on the carbon sequestration by natural mixed coniferous and broad-leaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China,we established six 100 m×100 m experimental plots in Dongfanghong For-est that varied in thinning intensity:plot A(10%),B(15%),C(20%),D(25%),E(30%),F(35%),and the control sample area(0%).A principal component analysis was performed using 50 different variables,including species diversity,soil fertility,litter characteristics,canopy structure param-eters,and seedling regeneration parameters.The effects of thinning intensity on carbon sequestration were strongest in plot E(0.75),followed by D(0.63),F(0.50),C(0.48),B(0.22),A(0.11),and the control(0.06).The composite score of plot E was the highest,indicating that the carbon sequestration effect was strongest at a thinning intensity of 30%.These findings provide useful insights that could aid the management of natural mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China.This information has implications for future studies of these forests,and the methods used could aid future ecological assessments of the natural forests in Xiaoxing’an Mountains,China.

Validating the use of ROS-scavenging bacteria as probiotics to increase coral resilience to thermal stress

Thermal stress causes the overproduction and toxic accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),which seems to be correlated with coral bleaching and,ultimately,death.The reduction of ROS concentration within the coral holobiont could minimize the effects of thermal stress and support efforts to reduce coral decline globally.In the current study,we explored the physiological responses of Pocillopora damicornis to ROS-scavenging bacteria inoculation as well as the microbiome restructuring that correlates with P.damicornis’s resilience to thermal stress after probiotic inoculation.Inoculation of corals with ROS-scavenging bacteria enhanced coral health and reduced ROS concentration.Furthermore,the enhanced coral thermal resistance promoted by ROS-scavenging bacteria was also correlated with an overall coral microbiome restructuring.In addition,the complex network relationships between bacteria and Symbiodiniaceae in corals after ROS-scavenging bacteria inoculation contributed to corals’resilience to high temperatures.Besides,coral heat tolerance bacterial biomarkers,such as Myxococcota,were enriched in corals with added ROS-scavenging bacteria.Collectively,our findings validate the selected ROS-scavenging bacteria as coral probiotics that could help corals resist thermal stress on a short timescale.Additionally,our data contribute to our understanding of the potential interactions between different members of the coral holobiont and the use of probiotics as tools to aid coral restoration efforts.

Effect of matrix thermal properties on laser-induced plasma

The matrix thermal properties have an important impact on laser-induced plasma,as the thermal effect dominates the interaction between ns-pulsed laser and matter,especially in metals.We used a series of pure metals and aluminum alloys to measure plasma temperature and electron density through laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,in order to investigate the effect of matrix thermal properties on laser-induced plasma.In pure metals,a significant negative linear correlation was observed between the matrix thermal storage coefficient and plasma temperature,while a weak correlation was observed with electron density.The results indicate that metals with low thermal conductivity or specific heat capacity require less laser energy for thermal diffusion or melting and evaporation,resulting in higher ablation rates and higher plasma temperatures.However,considering ionization energy,thermal effects may be a secondary factor affecting electron density.The experiment of aluminum alloy further confirms the influence of thermal conductivity on plasma temperature and its mechanism explanation.