Situs inversus viscerum(SIV)is a rare congenitalcondition characterized by complete transposition of all viscera.This anatomical pathology makes endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)technically difficul...Situs inversus viscerum(SIV)is a rare congenitalcondition characterized by complete transposition of all viscera.This anatomical pathology makes endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)technically difficult.We report a new case of a 70-year-old Chinese male with total SIV who had obstructive jaundice.Magneticresonance cholangiopancreatography demonstrated a number of stones in the gallbladder and common bile duct(CBD).Therapeutic ERCP was performed to relieve biliary obstruction and remove the CBD stones.This procedure started with the patient in a supine position and the endoscopist at the left side of the table.When the papilla was maintained,the patient was repositioned to a prone position and standard endoscopic sphincterotomy and endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation procedures were conducted.ERCP was performed successfully and relevant complications did not occur in this patient.We also present a review of the literature published between 1985 and 2014in the Pub Med and EMBASE databases.There were eight published cases during this period,with one each from America,Finland,India,Italy,South Korea and Pakistan,and two from Spain.Our case is the first reported in China.展开更多
Microorganisms living in polar zones play an important part as the potential source of organic activity materials with low temperature characteristics in the bio-technological applications. A psychrotrophic bacterium ...Microorganisms living in polar zones play an important part as the potential source of organic activity materials with low temperature characteristics in the bio-technological applications. A psychrotrophic bacterium (strain Ar/w/b/75°/10/5) , producing cellulose at low temperatures during late-exponential and early-stationary phases of cell growth, was isolated from sea ice-covered surface water in Chuckchi Sea, Arctic. This bacterium, with rod cells, was Gram-negative, slightly halophilic. Colony growing on agar plate was in black. Optimum growth temperature was 15℃. No cell growth was observed at 351 or above. Optimum salt concentration for cell growth was between 2 and 3 % of sodium chloride in media. Maximal cellulase activity was detected at a temperature of 35℃ and pH8. Cellulase was irreversibly inactivated when incubated at 55℃ within 30 min. Enzyme can be kept stable at the temperature no higher than 25℃. Of special interest was that this bacterium produced various extracellular enzymes including cellulase, amylase, agar hydrolase and protease, at low or moderate temperature conditions, which is certainly of it potential value for applications.展开更多
Mesoporous transition metal oxide catalysts are well-used in the elimination of volatile organic compounds.In this study,we developed an efficient method for the preparation of mesoporous-Mn_(3)O_(4)(mMn_(3)O_(4))with...Mesoporous transition metal oxide catalysts are well-used in the elimination of volatile organic compounds.In this study,we developed an efficient method for the preparation of mesoporous-Mn_(3)O_(4)(mMn_(3)O_(4))without the use of templates or surfactants.In this method,KCl protects oxygen defects on the surface of fresh Mn_(3)O_(4) crystallites.m-Mn_(3)O_(4) shows higher ameliorative catalytic activity than bulk-Mn_(3)O_(4)(b-Mn_(3)O_(4)) and calcined-Mn_(3)O_(4)(c-Mn_(3)O_(4)),achieving toluene catalytic oxidation of T_(10) and T_(90)(the temperature at a conversion rate of about 10%and 90%)at 191℃and 230℃,respectively(WHSV=40,000 ml·g^(-1)·h^(-1)).Based on various characterizations,the prepared m-Mn_(3)O_(4)has large specific surface area and abundant oxygen defects,and thus can provide more surface active sites,which give it superior toluene combustion activity.展开更多
Facile synthesis of 16-hydroxygeranylgeranio 1, a naturally occurring alicyclic diterpene, by alkylation reaction of allylic iodide 3 with phenyl sulfone 4, is described.
The convergence of the Ishikawa iteration sequences with errors for constructing solutions of m-accretive operator equations is characterized. Moreover, the error estimates of approximate solutions for locally Lipschi...The convergence of the Ishikawa iteration sequences with errors for constructing solutions of m-accretive operator equations is characterized. Moreover, the error estimates of approximate solutions for locally Lipschitzian and m-accretive operator equations are established.展开更多
This paper investigates the wavelength efficiency of failure protection based on rerouting in wavelength-routed optical networks. In order to study the impacts of different traffic pattern over the efficiency, a param...This paper investigates the wavelength efficiency of failure protection based on rerouting in wavelength-routed optical networks. In order to study the impacts of different traffic pattern over the efficiency, a parameter, wavelength reusability ρ, is introduced as an evaluation criterion. Performance of different failure protection methods and the influence of different routing schemes over the performance are investigated. The routing and wavelength assignment problem involved in failure protection is formulated as integer linear programming problem, relevant heuristic optimization algorithms are also developed, numerical results are presented and discussed in detail.展开更多
According to previous studies, limited range wavelength conversion (LWC) can improve the performance of optical network. In this paper, the effects of FWM (Four Wave Mixing) and XGM (Cross-Gain Modulation) conversion ...According to previous studies, limited range wavelength conversion (LWC) can improve the performance of optical network. In this paper, the effects of FWM (Four Wave Mixing) and XGM (Cross-Gain Modulation) conversion are both examined. It is found that the performance difference between LWC and full conversion becomes quite remarkable with the increase in numbers of wavelengths per-link. So in order to improve the performance of optical network with limited conversion in the case of large number of wavelengths, three simple dynamic wavelength assignment algorithms (LUWC, FUWC and WSM) are proposed. Simulation results show that the algorithms greatly reduce the blocking probabilities of networks with LWC. Moreover, the algorithms require no global information of network.展开更多
The problem of routing logical links (lightpaths) on a physical topology of WDM networks in a way that the logical topology remains connected in the event of single physical link failure is called survivable routing. ...The problem of routing logical links (lightpaths) on a physical topology of WDM networks in a way that the logical topology remains connected in the event of single physical link failure is called survivable routing. This paper addresses the survivable routing problem with and without wavelength-continuity constraints by proposing a new Integer Linear Programming (ILP) algorithm, which is based on a simplified necessary and sufficient condition. Numerical results are given and discussed to show that survivable routing solutions of most logical topologies can be found by the algorithm of the authors. Furthermore, comparing with other similar methods, the above algorithm can find out a survivable solution in much shorter time, and it works especially well with sparse-connected logical topologies. The impact of wavelength-continuity constraints and the other factors that influence the probability to find out a survivable solution are also discussed in the paper.展开更多
Conditional Access （CA） System is the essential basis of a Pay-TV System to charge the subscribers. This paper first introduces the standards and mechanisms for a Set-Top-Box（STB）to receive programs scrambled by d...Conditional Access （CA） System is the essential basis of a Pay-TV System to charge the subscribers. This paper first introduces the standards and mechanisms for a Set-Top-Box（STB）to receive programs scrambled by different CA systems. Then, according to DVB multicrypt solution, a design in detail for such a DVB receiver, I.e. STB is presented. Decoder manufacturers provide STBs with the standard DVB common interface and CA system providers provide detachable CA modules to plug into the STBs through Common Interface. This solution allows broadcasters and customers to change CA system without replacing the STB. Such a design has been implemented in a decoder based on LSI SC2000, and is proved to be an open and secure solution for conditional access.展开更多
Google’s algorithm on PageRank is analyzed in details. Some disadvantages of this algorithm is presented, for instance, preferring old pages, ignoring special sites and inaccurate judge of hyperlinks pointed out from...Google’s algorithm on PageRank is analyzed in details. Some disadvantages of this algorithm is presented, for instance, preferring old pages, ignoring special sites and inaccurate judge of hyperlinks pointed out from one page. Furthermore, author’s improved algorithm is described. Experiments show that the author’s consideration on evaluating the importance of pages can make an improvement over the original algorithm. Based on this improved algorithm a topic specific searching system have been developed.展开更多
文摘Situs inversus viscerum(SIV)is a rare congenitalcondition characterized by complete transposition of all viscera.This anatomical pathology makes endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)technically difficult.We report a new case of a 70-year-old Chinese male with total SIV who had obstructive jaundice.Magneticresonance cholangiopancreatography demonstrated a number of stones in the gallbladder and common bile duct(CBD).Therapeutic ERCP was performed to relieve biliary obstruction and remove the CBD stones.This procedure started with the patient in a supine position and the endoscopist at the left side of the table.When the papilla was maintained,the patient was repositioned to a prone position and standard endoscopic sphincterotomy and endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation procedures were conducted.ERCP was performed successfully and relevant complications did not occur in this patient.We also present a review of the literature published between 1985 and 2014in the Pub Med and EMBASE databases.There were eight published cases during this period,with one each from America,Finland,India,Italy,South Korea and Pakistan,and two from Spain.Our case is the first reported in China.
基金This work was supported in part by State Oceanic Administration(No.99614)the State Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2001 DIA50040 6)National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.40006010).
文摘Microorganisms living in polar zones play an important part as the potential source of organic activity materials with low temperature characteristics in the bio-technological applications. A psychrotrophic bacterium (strain Ar/w/b/75°/10/5) , producing cellulose at low temperatures during late-exponential and early-stationary phases of cell growth, was isolated from sea ice-covered surface water in Chuckchi Sea, Arctic. This bacterium, with rod cells, was Gram-negative, slightly halophilic. Colony growing on agar plate was in black. Optimum growth temperature was 15℃. No cell growth was observed at 351 or above. Optimum salt concentration for cell growth was between 2 and 3 % of sodium chloride in media. Maximal cellulase activity was detected at a temperature of 35℃ and pH8. Cellulase was irreversibly inactivated when incubated at 55℃ within 30 min. Enzyme can be kept stable at the temperature no higher than 25℃. Of special interest was that this bacterium produced various extracellular enzymes including cellulase, amylase, agar hydrolase and protease, at low or moderate temperature conditions, which is certainly of it potential value for applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21306026,21576054)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2018A030310563)the Foundation of Higher Education of Guangdong Province(2018KZDXM031)。
文摘Mesoporous transition metal oxide catalysts are well-used in the elimination of volatile organic compounds.In this study,we developed an efficient method for the preparation of mesoporous-Mn_(3)O_(4)(mMn_(3)O_(4))without the use of templates or surfactants.In this method,KCl protects oxygen defects on the surface of fresh Mn_(3)O_(4) crystallites.m-Mn_(3)O_(4) shows higher ameliorative catalytic activity than bulk-Mn_(3)O_(4)(b-Mn_(3)O_(4)) and calcined-Mn_(3)O_(4)(c-Mn_(3)O_(4)),achieving toluene catalytic oxidation of T_(10) and T_(90)(the temperature at a conversion rate of about 10%and 90%)at 191℃and 230℃,respectively(WHSV=40,000 ml·g^(-1)·h^(-1)).Based on various characterizations,the prepared m-Mn_(3)O_(4)has large specific surface area and abundant oxygen defects,and thus can provide more surface active sites,which give it superior toluene combustion activity.
基金This work was financial supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20072012) and the Special Research Grant for Doctoral Sites in Chinese Universities (Grant No. 20010730001).
文摘Facile synthesis of 16-hydroxygeranylgeranio 1, a naturally occurring alicyclic diterpene, by alkylation reaction of allylic iodide 3 with phenyl sulfone 4, is described.
文摘The convergence of the Ishikawa iteration sequences with errors for constructing solutions of m-accretive operator equations is characterized. Moreover, the error estimates of approximate solutions for locally Lipschitzian and m-accretive operator equations are established.
文摘This paper investigates the wavelength efficiency of failure protection based on rerouting in wavelength-routed optical networks. In order to study the impacts of different traffic pattern over the efficiency, a parameter, wavelength reusability ρ, is introduced as an evaluation criterion. Performance of different failure protection methods and the influence of different routing schemes over the performance are investigated. The routing and wavelength assignment problem involved in failure protection is formulated as integer linear programming problem, relevant heuristic optimization algorithms are also developed, numerical results are presented and discussed in detail.
文摘According to previous studies, limited range wavelength conversion (LWC) can improve the performance of optical network. In this paper, the effects of FWM (Four Wave Mixing) and XGM (Cross-Gain Modulation) conversion are both examined. It is found that the performance difference between LWC and full conversion becomes quite remarkable with the increase in numbers of wavelengths per-link. So in order to improve the performance of optical network with limited conversion in the case of large number of wavelengths, three simple dynamic wavelength assignment algorithms (LUWC, FUWC and WSM) are proposed. Simulation results show that the algorithms greatly reduce the blocking probabilities of networks with LWC. Moreover, the algorithms require no global information of network.
文摘The problem of routing logical links (lightpaths) on a physical topology of WDM networks in a way that the logical topology remains connected in the event of single physical link failure is called survivable routing. This paper addresses the survivable routing problem with and without wavelength-continuity constraints by proposing a new Integer Linear Programming (ILP) algorithm, which is based on a simplified necessary and sufficient condition. Numerical results are given and discussed to show that survivable routing solutions of most logical topologies can be found by the algorithm of the authors. Furthermore, comparing with other similar methods, the above algorithm can find out a survivable solution in much shorter time, and it works especially well with sparse-connected logical topologies. The impact of wavelength-continuity constraints and the other factors that influence the probability to find out a survivable solution are also discussed in the paper.
文摘Conditional Access （CA） System is the essential basis of a Pay-TV System to charge the subscribers. This paper first introduces the standards and mechanisms for a Set-Top-Box（STB）to receive programs scrambled by different CA systems. Then, according to DVB multicrypt solution, a design in detail for such a DVB receiver, I.e. STB is presented. Decoder manufacturers provide STBs with the standard DVB common interface and CA system providers provide detachable CA modules to plug into the STBs through Common Interface. This solution allows broadcasters and customers to change CA system without replacing the STB. Such a design has been implemented in a decoder based on LSI SC2000, and is proved to be an open and secure solution for conditional access.
文摘Google’s algorithm on PageRank is analyzed in details. Some disadvantages of this algorithm is presented, for instance, preferring old pages, ignoring special sites and inaccurate judge of hyperlinks pointed out from one page. Furthermore, author’s improved algorithm is described. Experiments show that the author’s consideration on evaluating the importance of pages can make an improvement over the original algorithm. Based on this improved algorithm a topic specific searching system have been developed.
