The liquid phase direct ammoximation of 5-isooctyl salicylaldehyde with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide was studied using titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)catalyst.The effect of reaction parameters on the yield of the product...The liquid phase direct ammoximation of 5-isooctyl salicylaldehyde with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide was studied using titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)catalyst.The effect of reaction parameters on the yield of the product was studied,which include reaction temperature,reaction time,molar ratio of ammonia to aldehyde as well as hydrogen peroxide to aldehyde.The influence of the amount of catalyst on the reaction results was also investigated.The maximum 5-isooctyl salicylaldoxime yield of 98.76%was achieved under the following optimal reaction conditions:the molar ratio of 5-isooctylaldehyde to hydrogen peroxide and ammonia of 1:1.4:1.6,the reaction temperature of 70℃,the amount of TS-1 of 17.5 g·mol^(-1)(5-isooctyl salicylaldehyde),and the feeding time of 2 h.This method has the mild reaction conditions and avoids the shortcomings of traditional methods.Moreover,useless inorganic salts by-products are avoided,and there is no environmental pollution.展开更多
The employment and income distribution problems after reform and opening up have become more and more lasting. To get these problems clear is of great practical significance in acquiring a deeper understanding of the ...The employment and income distribution problems after reform and opening up have become more and more lasting. To get these problems clear is of great practical significance in acquiring a deeper understanding of the nature, characteristics, and root causes of the current income distribution and employment problems; and finding a solution is to contribute to the building of a harmonious society. The co-existence of a half-market and half-traditional system is the basic feature of employment and income distribution in China. This paper analyzes the general and structural correlations between income distribution and employment in China. In the analysis of structural correlation, the paper explains the multi-institutional segmentation in the transitional period. In the multi-level areas segmented institutionally, the wage income gap or labor income gap has become the main factor contributing to the general income gap. To narrow the income gap, it is therefore necessary to attach much importance to the reform of employment-related institutions, the establishment, and the improvement of the market economic order.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376269)the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan,China (2016TP1007)the independent exploration and innovation project for graduate students of Central South University(2020zzts403)
文摘The liquid phase direct ammoximation of 5-isooctyl salicylaldehyde with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide was studied using titanium silicalite-1(TS-1)catalyst.The effect of reaction parameters on the yield of the product was studied,which include reaction temperature,reaction time,molar ratio of ammonia to aldehyde as well as hydrogen peroxide to aldehyde.The influence of the amount of catalyst on the reaction results was also investigated.The maximum 5-isooctyl salicylaldoxime yield of 98.76%was achieved under the following optimal reaction conditions:the molar ratio of 5-isooctylaldehyde to hydrogen peroxide and ammonia of 1:1.4:1.6,the reaction temperature of 70℃,the amount of TS-1 of 17.5 g·mol^(-1)(5-isooctyl salicylaldehyde),and the feeding time of 2 h.This method has the mild reaction conditions and avoids the shortcomings of traditional methods.Moreover,useless inorganic salts by-products are avoided,and there is no environmental pollution.
文摘The employment and income distribution problems after reform and opening up have become more and more lasting. To get these problems clear is of great practical significance in acquiring a deeper understanding of the nature, characteristics, and root causes of the current income distribution and employment problems; and finding a solution is to contribute to the building of a harmonious society. The co-existence of a half-market and half-traditional system is the basic feature of employment and income distribution in China. This paper analyzes the general and structural correlations between income distribution and employment in China. In the analysis of structural correlation, the paper explains the multi-institutional segmentation in the transitional period. In the multi-level areas segmented institutionally, the wage income gap or labor income gap has become the main factor contributing to the general income gap. To narrow the income gap, it is therefore necessary to attach much importance to the reform of employment-related institutions, the establishment, and the improvement of the market economic order.