Improving energy efficiency in plasma NO removal is a critical issue.When the surface dielectric barrier discharge(SDBD)device is considered as a combination of multiple plasma actuators,the induced plasma aerodynamic...Improving energy efficiency in plasma NO removal is a critical issue.When the surface dielectric barrier discharge(SDBD)device is considered as a combination of multiple plasma actuators,the induced plasma aerodynamic effect cannot be ignored,which can affect the mass transfer,then affect the chemical reactions.Five SDBD devices with different electrode arrangements are studied for NO conversion.They correspond to different flow patterns.We find that the energy efficiency in an SDBD device with a common structure(Type 1)is 28%lower than that in SDBD devices with a special arrangement(Types 2–5).Two reasons may explain the results.First,fewer active species are produced in Type 1 because the development of discharge is hindered by the mutually exclusive electric field forces caused by the symmetrically distributed charged particles.Second,the plasma wind induced by the plasma actuator can enhance the mass and heat transfer.The mixing of reactants and products is better in Types 2–5 than Type 1 due to higher turbulence kinetic energy.展开更多
Plasma-based CO_(2)conversion is promising for carbon capture and utilization.However,inconsistent reporting of the performance metrics makes it difficult to compare plasma processes systematically,complicates elucida...Plasma-based CO_(2)conversion is promising for carbon capture and utilization.However,inconsistent reporting of the performance metrics makes it difficult to compare plasma processes systematically,complicates elucidating the underlying mechanisms and compromises further development of this technology.Therefore,this critical review summarizes the correct definitions for gas conversion in plasma reactors and highlights common errors and inconsistencies observed throughout literature.This is done for pure CO_(2)splitting,dry reforming of methane and CO_(2)hydrogenation.We demonstrate that the change in volumetric flow rate is a critical aspect,inherent to these reactions,that is often not correctly taken into account.For dry reforming of methane and CO_(2)hydrogenation,we also demonstrate inconsistent reporting of energy efficiency,and through numerical examples,we show the significance of these deviations.Furthermore,we discuss how to measure changes in volumetric flow rate,supported by data from two experimental examples,showing that the sensitivity inherent to a standard component and a flow meter is essential to consider when deriving the performance metrics.Finally,some general recommendations and good practices are provided.This paper aims to be a comprehensive guideline for authors,to encourage more consistent calculations and stimulate the further development of this technology.展开更多
滑动弧放电等离子体技术在甲烷重整制取氢气或合成气方面的应用很广泛且显示了良好前景。为此,主要就滑动弧的结构和特性及其在该方面的研究进展进行了总结分析。结果表明：在滑动弧用于天然气或沼气重整技术中,甲烷转化率约为3%~52.6%...滑动弧放电等离子体技术在甲烷重整制取氢气或合成气方面的应用很广泛且显示了良好前景。为此,主要就滑动弧的结构和特性及其在该方面的研究进展进行了总结分析。结果表明：在滑动弧用于天然气或沼气重整技术中,甲烷转化率约为3%~52.6%,而氧气或水的加入可以在一定程度上优化反应效果,此外,在催化剂的协同作用下,CH4转化率可升至100%,H2选择性也达93%;在甲烷部分氧化重整和甲烷裂解制氢方面,旋转滑动弧的重整效果明显优于传统刀片式滑动弧,在处理能力得到明显提升的同时,CH4转化率和H2选择性均明显升高,分别可达91.8%和100%,同时,制氢电耗维持在较低水平;滑动弧进行甲烷水蒸气重整的研究较少,尽管CH4转化率不高,但其制氢电耗可低至1.08 k J/L。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60906053,61204069,61274118,61306144,61504079,and 11605112)Scientific and Innovative Action Plan of Shanghai(15DZ1160800 and 17XD1702400)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2016 M601595).
文摘Improving energy efficiency in plasma NO removal is a critical issue.When the surface dielectric barrier discharge(SDBD)device is considered as a combination of multiple plasma actuators,the induced plasma aerodynamic effect cannot be ignored,which can affect the mass transfer,then affect the chemical reactions.Five SDBD devices with different electrode arrangements are studied for NO conversion.They correspond to different flow patterns.We find that the energy efficiency in an SDBD device with a common structure(Type 1)is 28%lower than that in SDBD devices with a special arrangement(Types 2–5).Two reasons may explain the results.First,fewer active species are produced in Type 1 because the development of discharge is hindered by the mutually exclusive electric field forces caused by the symmetrically distributed charged particles.Second,the plasma wind induced by the plasma actuator can enhance the mass and heat transfer.The mixing of reactants and products is better in Types 2–5 than Type 1 due to higher turbulence kinetic energy.
基金financial support from the Fund for Scientific Research(FWO)Flanders(Grant ID 110221N)the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program(grant agreement No 810182-SCOPE ERC Synergy project)the Methusalem funding of the University of Antwerp。
文摘Plasma-based CO_(2)conversion is promising for carbon capture and utilization.However,inconsistent reporting of the performance metrics makes it difficult to compare plasma processes systematically,complicates elucidating the underlying mechanisms and compromises further development of this technology.Therefore,this critical review summarizes the correct definitions for gas conversion in plasma reactors and highlights common errors and inconsistencies observed throughout literature.This is done for pure CO_(2)splitting,dry reforming of methane and CO_(2)hydrogenation.We demonstrate that the change in volumetric flow rate is a critical aspect,inherent to these reactions,that is often not correctly taken into account.For dry reforming of methane and CO_(2)hydrogenation,we also demonstrate inconsistent reporting of energy efficiency,and through numerical examples,we show the significance of these deviations.Furthermore,we discuss how to measure changes in volumetric flow rate,supported by data from two experimental examples,showing that the sensitivity inherent to a standard component and a flow meter is essential to consider when deriving the performance metrics.Finally,some general recommendations and good practices are provided.This paper aims to be a comprehensive guideline for authors,to encourage more consistent calculations and stimulate the further development of this technology.
文摘滑动弧放电等离子体技术在甲烷重整制取氢气或合成气方面的应用很广泛且显示了良好前景。为此,主要就滑动弧的结构和特性及其在该方面的研究进展进行了总结分析。结果表明：在滑动弧用于天然气或沼气重整技术中,甲烷转化率约为3%~52.6%,而氧气或水的加入可以在一定程度上优化反应效果,此外,在催化剂的协同作用下,CH4转化率可升至100%,H2选择性也达93%;在甲烷部分氧化重整和甲烷裂解制氢方面,旋转滑动弧的重整效果明显优于传统刀片式滑动弧,在处理能力得到明显提升的同时,CH4转化率和H2选择性均明显升高,分别可达91.8%和100%,同时,制氢电耗维持在较低水平;滑动弧进行甲烷水蒸气重整的研究较少,尽管CH4转化率不高,但其制氢电耗可低至1.08 k J/L。
