This article discusses the development of astronomical tables in ancient China based on the calendrical chapter titled“Lü-li zhi”律曆志(Monograph on harmonics and calendrical astronomy)in official histories.Aft...This article discusses the development of astronomical tables in ancient China based on the calendrical chapter titled“Lü-li zhi”律曆志(Monograph on harmonics and calendrical astronomy)in official histories.After surveying various types of astral scientific tables in ancient China and their layouts,this paper discusses the characteristics and adoption of“licheng”立成tables,a specific kind of pick-up table that seems to have come into use in the Sui period(581–618)and to have been widespread from the Tang period(618–907)onward.The emergence of licheng tables relates largely to the internal development of ancient Chinese astronomy,but they were also probably inspired by auspicial tables and foreign astronomical tables.By comparing tables recorded in the“Lü-li zhi”and the existing licheng tables,we find that most licheng were deleted during the compilation of“Lü-li zhi”to reduce the number of volumes.Moreover,this paper discusses several common solutions used to compress the size of tables in“Lü-li zhi.”The adoption of licheng tables into the ancient Chinese astral sciences and the reformatting of them in“Lü-li zhi”give us a different perspective for understanding the development of ancient Chinese astronomical tables and the compilation of the calendrical portion of official histories.展开更多
According to analysis of the ^14C content in two Japanese trees, that grew over a period of approximately 3000 years, with high time resolution, Miyake et al. found a rapid increase at AD 774-775 and another one at AD...According to analysis of the ^14C content in two Japanese trees, that grew over a period of approximately 3000 years, with high time resolution, Miyake et al. found a rapid increase at AD 774-775 and another one at AD 993-994. These increases correspond to high-energy events that happened within those years and radi- ated ＂）,-ray energy of about 7x 1034 erg toward the Earth. The origin of these events is a mystery. Such strong events should have an unusual optical counterpart, and have been recorded in historical literatures. We searched Chinese historical materi- als around AD 744-775 and AD 993-994, but no remarkable event was found except for a violent thunderstorm in AD 775. However, the possibility of a thunderstorm containing so much energy is unlikely. We conclude that the events, which caused the 14C increase, are still unclear. These events most probably had no optical counterpart, and a short gamma-ray burst, giant flare of a soft gamma-ray repeater or a terrestrial γ-ray flash could all be candidates.展开更多
PIC China congratulates the Yunnan Shennong Agricultural Industry Group in setting a new milestone in China by attaining 30 pigs weaned per sow per year.
This presentation discusses the requests of modern pedagogy, and a possible bridging between the traditional teaching strategies drawn by the Ratio Studiorum of a unique and rare structure, and today＇s learning proce...This presentation discusses the requests of modern pedagogy, and a possible bridging between the traditional teaching strategies drawn by the Ratio Studiorum of a unique and rare structure, and today＇s learning process. It will argue the practical application and philosophy of education widely accepted and recognized as a part of curricular activities within the learning environments, though with no recognition of its origin. This paper aims to examine the indisputable contributions of the educational methods of the Jesuits in our time, although, the discipline has developed new fundamental, and new concepts such as self-esteem, self-awareness, and self-determination among others,展开更多
Commissioned by the state Task Force for scientific reconstruction of Zhang Heng＇s seismograph, the ＂Eastern Han Zhang Heng＇s seismograph＂ was successfully cast on August 5, 2008 at Shanxi Yuda Group, a national c...Commissioned by the state Task Force for scientific reconstruction of Zhang Heng＇s seismograph, the ＂Eastern Han Zhang Heng＇s seismograph＂ was successfully cast on August 5, 2008 at Shanxi Yuda Group, a national cultural industry demonstration base. After sophisticated assembly and debugging, the 1.7 m tall reconstructed Zhang Heng＇s seismograph was displayed at the Science and Technology Museum of China in August 2009,展开更多
文摘This article discusses the development of astronomical tables in ancient China based on the calendrical chapter titled“Lü-li zhi”律曆志(Monograph on harmonics and calendrical astronomy)in official histories.After surveying various types of astral scientific tables in ancient China and their layouts,this paper discusses the characteristics and adoption of“licheng”立成tables,a specific kind of pick-up table that seems to have come into use in the Sui period(581–618)and to have been widespread from the Tang period(618–907)onward.The emergence of licheng tables relates largely to the internal development of ancient Chinese astronomy,but they were also probably inspired by auspicial tables and foreign astronomical tables.By comparing tables recorded in the“Lü-li zhi”and the existing licheng tables,we find that most licheng were deleted during the compilation of“Lü-li zhi”to reduce the number of volumes.Moreover,this paper discusses several common solutions used to compress the size of tables in“Lü-li zhi.”The adoption of licheng tables into the ancient Chinese astral sciences and the reformatting of them in“Lü-li zhi”give us a different perspective for understanding the development of ancient Chinese astronomical tables and the compilation of the calendrical portion of official histories.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1231101)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, Grant No. 2014CB845800)
文摘According to analysis of the ^14C content in two Japanese trees, that grew over a period of approximately 3000 years, with high time resolution, Miyake et al. found a rapid increase at AD 774-775 and another one at AD 993-994. These increases correspond to high-energy events that happened within those years and radi- ated ＂）,-ray energy of about 7x 1034 erg toward the Earth. The origin of these events is a mystery. Such strong events should have an unusual optical counterpart, and have been recorded in historical literatures. We searched Chinese historical materi- als around AD 744-775 and AD 993-994, but no remarkable event was found except for a violent thunderstorm in AD 775. However, the possibility of a thunderstorm containing so much energy is unlikely. We conclude that the events, which caused the 14C increase, are still unclear. These events most probably had no optical counterpart, and a short gamma-ray burst, giant flare of a soft gamma-ray repeater or a terrestrial γ-ray flash could all be candidates.
文摘PIC China congratulates the Yunnan Shennong Agricultural Industry Group in setting a new milestone in China by attaining 30 pigs weaned per sow per year.
文摘This presentation discusses the requests of modern pedagogy, and a possible bridging between the traditional teaching strategies drawn by the Ratio Studiorum of a unique and rare structure, and today＇s learning process. It will argue the practical application and philosophy of education widely accepted and recognized as a part of curricular activities within the learning environments, though with no recognition of its origin. This paper aims to examine the indisputable contributions of the educational methods of the Jesuits in our time, although, the discipline has developed new fundamental, and new concepts such as self-esteem, self-awareness, and self-determination among others,
文摘Commissioned by the state Task Force for scientific reconstruction of Zhang Heng＇s seismograph, the ＂Eastern Han Zhang Heng＇s seismograph＂ was successfully cast on August 5, 2008 at Shanxi Yuda Group, a national cultural industry demonstration base. After sophisticated assembly and debugging, the 1.7 m tall reconstructed Zhang Heng＇s seismograph was displayed at the Science and Technology Museum of China in August 2009,
