Based on the hourly precipitation data at 176 observational stations over south China and the hourly ERA5reanalysis data during the 40-yr period of 1981-2020, we analyzed the universal characteristics of moisture tran...Based on the hourly precipitation data at 176 observational stations over south China and the hourly ERA5reanalysis data during the 40-yr period of 1981-2020, we analyzed the universal characteristics of moisture transport and their associated background circulations for four types of regional extreme precipitation events(REPEs) over south China. Main findings are shown as follow.(i) The wind that transported moisture for the REPEs over south China featured a notable diurnal variation, which was consistent with the variations of the precipitation.(ii) Four types of REPEs could be determined, among which the southwest type(SWT) and the southeast type(SET) accounted for ~92%and ~5.7%, respectively, ranking the first and second, respectively.(iii) Trajectory analyses showed that the air particles of the SWT-REPEs had the largest specific humidity and experienced the most intense ascending motion, and therefore their precipitation was the strongest among the four types.(iv) South China was dominated by notable moisture flux convergence for the four types of REPEs, but their moisture transport was controlled by different flow paths.(v)Composite analyses indicated that the background circulation of the four types of REPEs showed different features,particularly for the intensity, location and coverage of a western Pacific subtropical high. For the SWT-REPEs, their moisture transport was mainly driven by a lower-tropospheric strong southwesterly wind band in the low-latitude regions. Air particles for this type of REPEs mainly passed over the Indochina Peninsula and South China Sea. For the SET-REPEs, their moisture transport was mainly steered by a strong low-tropospheric southeasterly wind northeast of a transversal trough. Air particles mainly passed over the South China Sea for this type of REPEs.展开更多
利用2004年7月9-11日北京房山地基GPS探测网逐30分钟柱积分水汽总量(PW,Precipitable Water Vapor)资料,通过分析和数值模拟研究了北京2004年7月10日暴雨天气过程。观测分析表明:地基GPS测站上空水汽总量值的时间变化趋势对暴雨的发生...利用2004年7月9-11日北京房山地基GPS探测网逐30分钟柱积分水汽总量(PW,Precipitable Water Vapor)资料,通过分析和数值模拟研究了北京2004年7月10日暴雨天气过程。观测分析表明:地基GPS测站上空水汽总量值的时间变化趋势对暴雨的发生、发展以及过程降水量的分析和预报有一定指示意义。利用NCEP全球预报系统GSF分析场资料作为背景场,采用12/4km双向两层嵌套WRF模式及其三维变分系统,通过同化7月9日1200 UTC地基GPS水汽总量等观测资料进行了36小时数值对比试验。数值研究表明:地基GPS水汽总量数据资料的初值同化明显增强模式初始场湿度,明显提高模式对该暴雨过程降水时段、落区和强度的预报水平。展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1510400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42075002)。
文摘Based on the hourly precipitation data at 176 observational stations over south China and the hourly ERA5reanalysis data during the 40-yr period of 1981-2020, we analyzed the universal characteristics of moisture transport and their associated background circulations for four types of regional extreme precipitation events(REPEs) over south China. Main findings are shown as follow.(i) The wind that transported moisture for the REPEs over south China featured a notable diurnal variation, which was consistent with the variations of the precipitation.(ii) Four types of REPEs could be determined, among which the southwest type(SWT) and the southeast type(SET) accounted for ~92%and ~5.7%, respectively, ranking the first and second, respectively.(iii) Trajectory analyses showed that the air particles of the SWT-REPEs had the largest specific humidity and experienced the most intense ascending motion, and therefore their precipitation was the strongest among the four types.(iv) South China was dominated by notable moisture flux convergence for the four types of REPEs, but their moisture transport was controlled by different flow paths.(v)Composite analyses indicated that the background circulation of the four types of REPEs showed different features,particularly for the intensity, location and coverage of a western Pacific subtropical high. For the SWT-REPEs, their moisture transport was mainly driven by a lower-tropospheric strong southwesterly wind band in the low-latitude regions. Air particles for this type of REPEs mainly passed over the Indochina Peninsula and South China Sea. For the SET-REPEs, their moisture transport was mainly steered by a strong low-tropospheric southeasterly wind northeast of a transversal trough. Air particles mainly passed over the South China Sea for this type of REPEs.
文摘利用2004年7月9-11日北京房山地基GPS探测网逐30分钟柱积分水汽总量(PW,Precipitable Water Vapor)资料,通过分析和数值模拟研究了北京2004年7月10日暴雨天气过程。观测分析表明:地基GPS测站上空水汽总量值的时间变化趋势对暴雨的发生、发展以及过程降水量的分析和预报有一定指示意义。利用NCEP全球预报系统GSF分析场资料作为背景场,采用12/4km双向两层嵌套WRF模式及其三维变分系统,通过同化7月9日1200 UTC地基GPS水汽总量等观测资料进行了36小时数值对比试验。数值研究表明:地基GPS水汽总量数据资料的初值同化明显增强模式初始场湿度,明显提高模式对该暴雨过程降水时段、落区和强度的预报水平。
