甘肃省淫羊藿生态适宜性评价及种植区划

笔者在野外调查的基础上,基于生态适宜性评价的基本理论,利用GIS技术、模糊数学等方法,选取8个影响淫羊藿种植分布的潜在因子,构建生态适宜性评价模型,对甘肃省淫羊藿人工仿生种植适宜性分布进行了系统研究。研究结果表明,适宜种植淫羊藿的面积为403.42万hm2,占甘肃省林地总面积的66.07%;主要分布在甘南州、陇南市、兰州市的榆中县兴隆山和七里河区南部的马衔山脉以及定西市岷县、漳县和渭源县部分区域,平凉市华亭县和关山、太统山、崆峒山沿线。通过适宜分区的划分,为甘肃淫羊藿野生变家种提供了理论基础。

GIS支持下的商南县小麦生态适宜性评价及种植区划

小麦是陕西省商南县重要的粮食作物,进行该区域小麦种植区划,对因地制宜种植小麦、优化区域布局有重要意义。利用GIS技术、县域耕地资源管理信息系统和层次分析法,对商南县小麦种植进行了生态适宜性评价。用专家经验法筛选各生态因子评价指标,建立了商南县小麦生态适宜性评价指标体系;将层次分析法和模糊评价法运用于各指标权重的定量计算,采用地理信息系统软件ArcGIS9.3的叠加分析功能,得到商南县小麦种植生态适宜性评价图。结果表明:高度适宜小麦种植的农田有8323.97 hm^2,占耕地面积的33.50%,适宜的有10557.46 hm^2,占耕地面积的42.49%,这两类耕地主要分布于本区域的浅山与丘陵地带,占总耕地面积的75%以上,是商南县耕地的主体;同时,本区域内余下的耕地主要分布在中山地貌区,包括勉强适宜小麦种植、不适宜耕作的耕地两种,分别有4423.41 hm^2和1543.43 hm^2,仅占耕地总面积的17.80%和6.21%。因此,通过对商南县小麦种植环境的统计和分析,总结了当地生态适应度分布的规律并绘制了空间分布图,从而为商南县在进行小麦或同类作物种植时,进行合理布局与规划提供科学依据。

Ecological Suitability Evaluation and Planting Division of Potato in County Based on GIS——A Case Study of Shangnan County of Shaanxi Province

Potato is one of the important food crops in Shangnan County,Shaanxi Province.Potato planting strategy in this region has great significance for potato planting,according to local conditions and for optimizing regional layout.The ecological suitability of potato cultivation in Shangnan County was evaluated by using geographic information system(GIS)technology,county cultivated land resource management information system and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The evaluation index system of ecological suitability of potatoes in Shangnan County was established by screening the evaluation index of each ecological factor with expert experience method.The AHP and fuzzy evaluation method were applied to the quantitative calculation of the weight of each index.The ecological suitability assessment map of potato planting in Shangnan County was obtained by using the overlay analysis function of ArcGIS 10.2.The results showed that highly suitable area for potato cultivation was 6974.04 hm^2,accounting for 28.07%of the cultivated land.The suitable area was 11205.75 hm^2,accounting for 45.10%of the cultivated land area.These two types of arable land mainly distributed in the shallow hilly area,the middle mountain landform and the river valley area.The remaining arable land in this region mainly distributed in the shallow hills and the mid-mountain landscapes,including the arable land which was reluctantly suitable for potato cultivation and unsuitable for potato cultivation,with 5646.15 and 1022.33 hm^2,respectively,accounting for only 22.72%and 4.11%of the total arable land areas.Therefore,based on the statistics and analyses of potato planting environment in Shangnan County,the pattern of local ecological adaptability distribution was summarized and the spatial distribution map was drawn,thus providing scientific basis for rational distribution and planning of potato in Shangnan County.

镇原县玉米生态适宜性评价及种植区划

基于生态适宜性评价的基本理论,利用GIS技术、模糊数学等方法,充分利用镇原县测土配方施肥基础数据,通过对研究区玉米生理生态特性与环境关系的分析,对照国家耕地地力评价综合指标体系下66个指标,建立了≥10℃积温、海拔、年降水量、地貌类型、有机质、坡度、速效钾、有效磷、坡向等9项因子的评价指标,构建生态适宜性评价模型,研究镇原县玉米产业发展布局。结果表明,镇原县县域内88.15%的耕地均适合玉米生产,其中高度适宜种植玉米的区域分布在镇原县东南部塬区,其中包括城关镇、开边镇、临泾乡、孟坝镇、南川乡、平泉镇、上肖乡、太平镇、屯子镇、新城乡、新集乡、中原乡等12个乡镇的49614.69 hm2耕地,占全县总耕地面积的39.98%。