Thousands of long-distance mobile mRNAs were identified from different grafting systems,based on high-throughput sequencing technology.Moreover,the long-distance delivery of RNAs was proved to involve multiple mechani...Thousands of long-distance mobile mRNAs were identified from different grafting systems,based on high-throughput sequencing technology.Moreover,the long-distance delivery of RNAs was proved to involve multiple mechanisms.Here,we analyzed the homology,motif,and tRNA-like structure(TLS)of long-distance mobile mRNAs identified by RNA-seq as well as the RNA-binding protein(RBP)in nine grafting combinations including Arabidopsis thaliana,Vitis vinifera,Cucumis sativus,Citrullus lanatus,Nicotiana benthamiana,Malus domestica,Pyrus spp.,Glycine max and Phaseolus vulgaris.Although several mRNAs were found to be shared in herbaceous,woody,and related species,the vast majority of long-distance mobile mRNAs were species-specific.Four non-specific movement-related motifs were identified,while the TLS was not necessary for mRNA long distance mobility.In addition,we found that RBPs were conserved among herbaceous and woody plants as well as related species.This paper reports a further in-depth analysis of the endogenous mechanisms by which the species-specific transportable m RNAs were selected by bioinformatics,in order to provide insights for future research on long-distance mobile mRNAs.展开更多
Grafting is a plant propagation technique widely used in agriculture.A recent discovery of the capability of interfamily grafting in Nicotiana has expanded the potential combinations of grafting.In this study,we showe...Grafting is a plant propagation technique widely used in agriculture.A recent discovery of the capability of interfamily grafting in Nicotiana has expanded the potential combinations of grafting.In this study,we showed that xylem connection is essential for the achievement of interfamily grafting and investigated the molecular basis of xylem formation at the graft junction.Transcriptome and gene network analyses revealed gene modules for tracheary element(TE)formation during grafting that include genes associated with xylem cell differentiation and immune response.The reliability of the drawn network was validated by examining the role of the Nicotiana benthamiana XYLEM CYSTEINE PROTEASE(NbXCP)genes in TE formation during interfamily grafting.Promoter activities of NbXCP1 and NbXCP2 genes were found in differentiating TE cells in the stem and callus tissues at the graft junction.Analysis of a Nbxcp1;Nbxcp2 loss-of-function mutant indicated that NbXCPs control the timing of de novo TE formation at the graft junction.Moreover,grafts of the NbXCP1 overexpressor increased the scion growth rate as well as the fruit size.Thus,we identified gene modules for TE formation at the graft boundary and demonstrated potential ways to enhance Nicotiana interfamily grafting.展开更多
基金supported by the 111 Project(Grant No.B17043)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University。
文摘Thousands of long-distance mobile mRNAs were identified from different grafting systems,based on high-throughput sequencing technology.Moreover,the long-distance delivery of RNAs was proved to involve multiple mechanisms.Here,we analyzed the homology,motif,and tRNA-like structure(TLS)of long-distance mobile mRNAs identified by RNA-seq as well as the RNA-binding protein(RBP)in nine grafting combinations including Arabidopsis thaliana,Vitis vinifera,Cucumis sativus,Citrullus lanatus,Nicotiana benthamiana,Malus domestica,Pyrus spp.,Glycine max and Phaseolus vulgaris.Although several mRNAs were found to be shared in herbaceous,woody,and related species,the vast majority of long-distance mobile mRNAs were species-specific.Four non-specific movement-related motifs were identified,while the TLS was not necessary for mRNA long distance mobility.In addition,we found that RBPs were conserved among herbaceous and woody plants as well as related species.This paper reports a further in-depth analysis of the endogenous mechanisms by which the species-specific transportable m RNAs were selected by bioinformatics,in order to provide insights for future research on long-distance mobile mRNAs.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grantsin-Aid for Scientific Research(20H03273,21H00368 and 21H05657 toMNand 22 K06181 to KK)Japan Science and Technology Agency(JPMJTR194G to MN)+1 种基金China Scholarship Council(CSCNo.201908050204 to CH).
文摘Grafting is a plant propagation technique widely used in agriculture.A recent discovery of the capability of interfamily grafting in Nicotiana has expanded the potential combinations of grafting.In this study,we showed that xylem connection is essential for the achievement of interfamily grafting and investigated the molecular basis of xylem formation at the graft junction.Transcriptome and gene network analyses revealed gene modules for tracheary element(TE)formation during grafting that include genes associated with xylem cell differentiation and immune response.The reliability of the drawn network was validated by examining the role of the Nicotiana benthamiana XYLEM CYSTEINE PROTEASE(NbXCP)genes in TE formation during interfamily grafting.Promoter activities of NbXCP1 and NbXCP2 genes were found in differentiating TE cells in the stem and callus tissues at the graft junction.Analysis of a Nbxcp1;Nbxcp2 loss-of-function mutant indicated that NbXCPs control the timing of de novo TE formation at the graft junction.Moreover,grafts of the NbXCP1 overexpressor increased the scion growth rate as well as the fruit size.Thus,we identified gene modules for TE formation at the graft boundary and demonstrated potential ways to enhance Nicotiana interfamily grafting.
