In order to analyze the spray characteristics of non-circular nozzle holes based on the air-assisted spray system, the spray characteristics of circular and non-circular nozzles were studied under the pressure of 0.2-...In order to analyze the spray characteristics of non-circular nozzle holes based on the air-assisted spray system, the spray characteristics of circular and non-circular nozzles were studied under the pressure of 0.2-0.6 MPa and the spray volume of 1000-5000 mL/h. Elliptical nozzle and triangular nozzle are classified as non-circular geometries. The spray cone angle was measured by processing the spray image captured by a CCD camera. The measured spray cone angles of the circular nozzles were analyzed, and the axis switching phenomenon of minor plane of elliptical nozzle was found during the test. Among the three shapes of nozzles, the elliptical nozzle had the largest spray cone angle, and the triangular nozzle had the smallest. The velocity field obtained depended on the PIV system. The results show that for axial velocity, elliptical orifice spray has greater kinetic energy and smaller droplet size under the same working parameters. Compared with the circular and elliptical nozzles, triangular orifice reached maximum spray velocity the fastest, but its velocity decay was the fastest. For radial velocity, away from the axis, the spray velocity of the elliptical orifice was less affected by the injection parameters, and the velocity was less than that of circular orifice and triangle orifice. Increasing air pressure will weaken radial propagation. The increase of liquid spraying rate had no remarkable effect on the increase of spraying rate. The results of particle size analysis show that the particle size of the non-circular orifice is reduced compared with that of the circular orifice, which promotes the breakup of droplets to a certain extent and enhances the atomization effect.展开更多
【目的】从NLP(自然语言处理,Natural Language Processing)的发展对图书出版行业影响角度,分析图书出版各岗位编辑工作可能发生的变化,以期为出版从业者未来职业规划及出版企业发展提供新的思考角度。【方法】通过对出版全流程各大类...【目的】从NLP(自然语言处理,Natural Language Processing)的发展对图书出版行业影响角度,分析图书出版各岗位编辑工作可能发生的变化,以期为出版从业者未来职业规划及出版企业发展提供新的思考角度。【方法】通过对出版全流程各大类编辑岗位(策划、加工、营销)具体工作的实践与分析,找出长久以来传统工作方式的短板及业务逻辑的欠缺,结合NLP技术发展现状及未来趋势,使双方合理结合,并分析其中可能遇到的阻碍。【结果】目前,已有出版从业者及出版商运用NLP技术深度参与内容策划及运营工作,并取得了良好的效果。NLP技术的发展不仅会提高工作效率及准确度,更能够从底层业务逻辑角度变革编辑工作流程及工作对象。反观二者之间的关系,图书出版行业已有大量高质量的产品,且经过近几十年的发展,很多都已完成数字化转型,因此,图书出版行业可以为大语言模型提供足量的规范学习样本,以供学习和演化。【结论】随着ChatGPT的问世,NLP从专业技术走向大众应用。NLP是研究人与计算机交互的语言问题的一门学科,其已经从让机器“听懂”人话,并给出反应,发展到让机器“主动思考”,根据大数据信息和人的思维逻辑,自己组织语言,给出符合对话者需求,甚至是有“创意”的答案。展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National Key R&D Project(Grant No.2019YFD1002500)the Key Projects of Science and Technology Support Plan of JiangsuP rovince(Grant No.BE2016341)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Internal Combustion Engine(Grant No.GKF2015-004)。
文摘In order to analyze the spray characteristics of non-circular nozzle holes based on the air-assisted spray system, the spray characteristics of circular and non-circular nozzles were studied under the pressure of 0.2-0.6 MPa and the spray volume of 1000-5000 mL/h. Elliptical nozzle and triangular nozzle are classified as non-circular geometries. The spray cone angle was measured by processing the spray image captured by a CCD camera. The measured spray cone angles of the circular nozzles were analyzed, and the axis switching phenomenon of minor plane of elliptical nozzle was found during the test. Among the three shapes of nozzles, the elliptical nozzle had the largest spray cone angle, and the triangular nozzle had the smallest. The velocity field obtained depended on the PIV system. The results show that for axial velocity, elliptical orifice spray has greater kinetic energy and smaller droplet size under the same working parameters. Compared with the circular and elliptical nozzles, triangular orifice reached maximum spray velocity the fastest, but its velocity decay was the fastest. For radial velocity, away from the axis, the spray velocity of the elliptical orifice was less affected by the injection parameters, and the velocity was less than that of circular orifice and triangle orifice. Increasing air pressure will weaken radial propagation. The increase of liquid spraying rate had no remarkable effect on the increase of spraying rate. The results of particle size analysis show that the particle size of the non-circular orifice is reduced compared with that of the circular orifice, which promotes the breakup of droplets to a certain extent and enhances the atomization effect.
文摘【目的】从NLP(自然语言处理,Natural Language Processing)的发展对图书出版行业影响角度,分析图书出版各岗位编辑工作可能发生的变化,以期为出版从业者未来职业规划及出版企业发展提供新的思考角度。【方法】通过对出版全流程各大类编辑岗位(策划、加工、营销)具体工作的实践与分析,找出长久以来传统工作方式的短板及业务逻辑的欠缺,结合NLP技术发展现状及未来趋势,使双方合理结合,并分析其中可能遇到的阻碍。【结果】目前,已有出版从业者及出版商运用NLP技术深度参与内容策划及运营工作,并取得了良好的效果。NLP技术的发展不仅会提高工作效率及准确度,更能够从底层业务逻辑角度变革编辑工作流程及工作对象。反观二者之间的关系,图书出版行业已有大量高质量的产品,且经过近几十年的发展,很多都已完成数字化转型,因此,图书出版行业可以为大语言模型提供足量的规范学习样本,以供学习和演化。【结论】随着ChatGPT的问世,NLP从专业技术走向大众应用。NLP是研究人与计算机交互的语言问题的一门学科,其已经从让机器“听懂”人话,并给出反应,发展到让机器“主动思考”,根据大数据信息和人的思维逻辑,自己组织语言,给出符合对话者需求,甚至是有“创意”的答案。
