针对丝织物精练阶段能耗高、污水化学需氧量高的问题,实地调研了该阶段的初级活动数据,建立了生产过程中共用数据拆分方法,给出了运输、污水处理等过程的碳足迹核算方法,定量分析了精练阶段的碳足迹,以确定合理的节能减排建议。结果表明...针对丝织物精练阶段能耗高、污水化学需氧量高的问题,实地调研了该阶段的初级活动数据,建立了生产过程中共用数据拆分方法,给出了运输、污水处理等过程的碳足迹核算方法,定量分析了精练阶段的碳足迹,以确定合理的节能减排建议。结果表明:非弹力织物采用方槽和星形架精练的碳足迹分别为35.06和37.47 kg CO_(2)e/(100 m),弹力织物相应的碳足迹分别为57.60和59.99 kg CO_(2)e/(100 m);非弹力织物主要的排放源依次是蒸汽使用、甲烷排放和化学品使用,占比分别为47.88%、35.52%和10.59%;弹力织物主要的排放源是天然气、蒸汽、甲烷、化学品,占比分别为34.63%、29.52%、21.91%和6.53%。通过回收利用污水处理中产生的甲烷、改进污水处理工艺、提高定形整理的加工效率等手段可有效地减少碳排放。展开更多
Silkworms and spiders are capable of generating fibers that are both highly durable and elastic in a short span of time,using a silk solution stored within their bodies at room temperature and normal atmospheric press...Silkworms and spiders are capable of generating fibers that are both highly durable and elastic in a short span of time,using a silk solution stored within their bodies at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure.The dragline silk fiber,which is essentially a spider's lifeline,surpasses the strength of a steel wire of equivalent thickness.Regrettably,humans have yet to replicate this process to produce fibers with similar high strength and elasticity in an eco-friendly manner.Therefore,it is of utmost importance to thoroughly comprehend the extraordinary structure and fibrillation mechanism of silk,and leverage this understanding in the manufacturing of high-strength,high-elasticity fibers.This review will delve into the recent progress in comprehending the structure of silks derived from silkworms and spiders,emphasizing the distinctive attributes of solidstate NMR.展开更多
文摘针对丝织物精练阶段能耗高、污水化学需氧量高的问题,实地调研了该阶段的初级活动数据,建立了生产过程中共用数据拆分方法,给出了运输、污水处理等过程的碳足迹核算方法,定量分析了精练阶段的碳足迹,以确定合理的节能减排建议。结果表明:非弹力织物采用方槽和星形架精练的碳足迹分别为35.06和37.47 kg CO_(2)e/(100 m),弹力织物相应的碳足迹分别为57.60和59.99 kg CO_(2)e/(100 m);非弹力织物主要的排放源依次是蒸汽使用、甲烷排放和化学品使用,占比分别为47.88%、35.52%和10.59%;弹力织物主要的排放源是天然气、蒸汽、甲烷、化学品,占比分别为34.63%、29.52%、21.91%和6.53%。通过回收利用污水处理中产生的甲烷、改进污水处理工艺、提高定形整理的加工效率等手段可有效地减少碳排放。
基金support by a JSPS KAKENHI,Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(C),Grant Number JP19K05609.
文摘Silkworms and spiders are capable of generating fibers that are both highly durable and elastic in a short span of time,using a silk solution stored within their bodies at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure.The dragline silk fiber,which is essentially a spider's lifeline,surpasses the strength of a steel wire of equivalent thickness.Regrettably,humans have yet to replicate this process to produce fibers with similar high strength and elasticity in an eco-friendly manner.Therefore,it is of utmost importance to thoroughly comprehend the extraordinary structure and fibrillation mechanism of silk,and leverage this understanding in the manufacturing of high-strength,high-elasticity fibers.This review will delve into the recent progress in comprehending the structure of silks derived from silkworms and spiders,emphasizing the distinctive attributes of solidstate NMR.
