地舒单抗(denosumab,DMAb)是最早出现的全人源核因子-κB受体活化因子配体[receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)ligand,RANKL]的单克隆抗体。2020年在我国上市,应用于骨质疏松治疗领域,是抑制骨吸收类抗骨松药物中的新成...地舒单抗(denosumab,DMAb)是最早出现的全人源核因子-κB受体活化因子配体[receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)ligand,RANKL]的单克隆抗体。2020年在我国上市,应用于骨质疏松治疗领域,是抑制骨吸收类抗骨松药物中的新成员。本综述的目的为归纳总结近年围绕DMAb在骨质疏松初始、序贯以及联合治疗方面的临床研究进展,为其应用提供参考。展开更多
Osteoporosis is a widely observed condition characterized by the systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture,which increases patient susceptibility to fragile fractures.The intricate mechanisms governing...Osteoporosis is a widely observed condition characterized by the systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture,which increases patient susceptibility to fragile fractures.The intricate mechanisms governing bone homeostasis are substantially impacted by extracellular vesicles(EVs),which play crucial roles in both pathological and physiological contexts.EVs derived from various sources exert distinct effects on osteoporosis.Specifically,EVs released by osteoblasts,endothelial cells,myocytes,and mesenchymal stem cells contribute to bone formation due to their unique cargo of proteins,miRNAs,and cytokines.Conversely,EVs secreted by osteoclasts and immune cells promote bone resorption and inhibit bone formation.Furthermore,the use of EVs as therapeutic modalities or biomaterials for diagnosing and managing osteoporosis is promising.Here,we review the current understanding of the impact of EVs on bone homeostasis,including the classification and biogenesis of EVs and the intricate regulatory mechanisms of EVs in osteoporosis.Furthermore,we present an overview of the latest research progress on diagnosing and treating osteoporosis by using EVs.Finally,we discuss the challenges and prospects of translational research on the use of EVs in osteoporosis.展开更多
报告一例常染色体隐性遗传发病的骨质疏松症-假性胶质瘤综合征。先证者女性,23岁,父母非近亲结婚,出生后发现双目失明,婴儿期因发现右眼视网膜母细胞瘤行右眼球摘除术,9岁开始反复发生轻微外力骨折,诊断为成骨不全。查体发现脊柱侧凸畸...报告一例常染色体隐性遗传发病的骨质疏松症-假性胶质瘤综合征。先证者女性,23岁,父母非近亲结婚,出生后发现双目失明,婴儿期因发现右眼视网膜母细胞瘤行右眼球摘除术,9岁开始反复发生轻微外力骨折,诊断为成骨不全。查体发现脊柱侧凸畸形、胸廓畸形、双上肢肘外翻、四肢关节韧带松弛。双能X线吸收检测仪(dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)骨密度明显低于同龄人,腰椎1-4骨密度Z值-5,左髋骨密度Z值-1.8。X线摄片示全身骨小梁稀疏。Sanger测序显示低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白-5(lowdensity lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5,LRP5)基因的6号外显子和23号外显子发生复合杂合突变,导致p.Pro382Leu+p.Cys1611LeufsX33。本文通过文献复习对该病的临床表现和诊疗特点进行讨论及总结,以期帮助临床医生提高对这一疾病的认识。展开更多
文摘地舒单抗(denosumab,DMAb)是最早出现的全人源核因子-κB受体活化因子配体[receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)ligand,RANKL]的单克隆抗体。2020年在我国上市,应用于骨质疏松治疗领域,是抑制骨吸收类抗骨松药物中的新成员。本综述的目的为归纳总结近年围绕DMAb在骨质疏松初始、序贯以及联合治疗方面的临床研究进展,为其应用提供参考。
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant numbers 11932014,12372315 and 32301089)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant numbers 2022NSFSC0765 and 2022ZYD0079).
文摘Osteoporosis is a widely observed condition characterized by the systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture,which increases patient susceptibility to fragile fractures.The intricate mechanisms governing bone homeostasis are substantially impacted by extracellular vesicles(EVs),which play crucial roles in both pathological and physiological contexts.EVs derived from various sources exert distinct effects on osteoporosis.Specifically,EVs released by osteoblasts,endothelial cells,myocytes,and mesenchymal stem cells contribute to bone formation due to their unique cargo of proteins,miRNAs,and cytokines.Conversely,EVs secreted by osteoclasts and immune cells promote bone resorption and inhibit bone formation.Furthermore,the use of EVs as therapeutic modalities or biomaterials for diagnosing and managing osteoporosis is promising.Here,we review the current understanding of the impact of EVs on bone homeostasis,including the classification and biogenesis of EVs and the intricate regulatory mechanisms of EVs in osteoporosis.Furthermore,we present an overview of the latest research progress on diagnosing and treating osteoporosis by using EVs.Finally,we discuss the challenges and prospects of translational research on the use of EVs in osteoporosis.
文摘报告一例常染色体隐性遗传发病的骨质疏松症-假性胶质瘤综合征。先证者女性,23岁,父母非近亲结婚,出生后发现双目失明,婴儿期因发现右眼视网膜母细胞瘤行右眼球摘除术,9岁开始反复发生轻微外力骨折,诊断为成骨不全。查体发现脊柱侧凸畸形、胸廓畸形、双上肢肘外翻、四肢关节韧带松弛。双能X线吸收检测仪(dual energy X-ray absorptiometry,DXA)骨密度明显低于同龄人,腰椎1-4骨密度Z值-5,左髋骨密度Z值-1.8。X线摄片示全身骨小梁稀疏。Sanger测序显示低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白-5(lowdensity lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5,LRP5)基因的6号外显子和23号外显子发生复合杂合突变,导致p.Pro382Leu+p.Cys1611LeufsX33。本文通过文献复习对该病的临床表现和诊疗特点进行讨论及总结,以期帮助临床医生提高对这一疾病的认识。
