The family members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases mediate a wide variety of cellular behaviors in response to extracellular stimuli. One of the four main sub-groups, the p38 group of MAP kinases, serve...The family members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases mediate a wide variety of cellular behaviors in response to extracellular stimuli. One of the four main sub-groups, the p38 group of MAP kinases, serve as a nexus for signal transduction and play a vital role in numerous biological processes. In this review, we highlight the known characteristics and components of the p38 pathway along with the mechanism and consequences of p38 activation. We focus on the role of p38 as a signal transduction mediator and examine the evidence linking p38 to inflammation, cell cycle, cell death, development, cell differentiation, senescence and tumorigenesis in specific cell types. Upstream and downstream components of p38 are described and questions remaining to be answered are posed. Finally, we propose several directions for future research on p38.展开更多
In multiloci-based genetic association studies of complex diseases, a powerful and high efficient tool for analyses oflinkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers, haplotype distributions and many chi-square/p values w...In multiloci-based genetic association studies of complex diseases, a powerful and high efficient tool for analyses oflinkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers, haplotype distributions and many chi-square/p values with a large numberof samples has been sought for long. In order to achieve the goal of obtaining meaningful results directly from raw data,we developed a robust and user-friendly software platform with a series of tools for analysis in association study withhigh efficiency. The platform has been well evaluated by several sets of real data.展开更多
基金Acknowledgments We thank Drs Fengyong Liu and Sheng Luan at UC Berkeley, USA, for their discussion and help with the writing of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30225037, 30471991, 30570731), National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (no. 2006CB503909, 2004CB518603), the "111" Project, and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (no. BK2004082, BK2006714).
文摘The family members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases mediate a wide variety of cellular behaviors in response to extracellular stimuli. One of the four main sub-groups, the p38 group of MAP kinases, serve as a nexus for signal transduction and play a vital role in numerous biological processes. In this review, we highlight the known characteristics and components of the p38 pathway along with the mechanism and consequences of p38 activation. We focus on the role of p38 as a signal transduction mediator and examine the evidence linking p38 to inflammation, cell cycle, cell death, development, cell differentiation, senescence and tumorigenesis in specific cell types. Upstream and downstream components of p38 are described and questions remaining to be answered are posed. Finally, we propose several directions for future research on p38.
基金This work was supported by the Major State Basic Research Development program of Chinathe National High Technology Research and Development Program of China.
文摘In multiloci-based genetic association studies of complex diseases, a powerful and high efficient tool for analyses oflinkage disequilibrium (LD) between markers, haplotype distributions and many chi-square/p values with a large numberof samples has been sought for long. In order to achieve the goal of obtaining meaningful results directly from raw data,we developed a robust and user-friendly software platform with a series of tools for analysis in association study withhigh efficiency. The platform has been well evaluated by several sets of real data.
基金We thank Dr Zicai Liang and Huang Huang (Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University) for their kind help with BioTek Multi-Detection Microplate Reader and Yizhe Zhang for technical support on real-time PCR. We also thank Chengyan Wang, Pengbo Zhang, Pingping Hou, Haisong Liu, Chun Liu and other colleagues in our laboratory for technical assistance and advice in carrying out these experiments. This study was supported by a Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Grant (37871), a Ministry of Education grant (705001), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program, 2009CB522502, 2009CB941200 and 2007CB947901), National Natural Science Foundation of China for Creative Research Groups (30421004), the Chinese Science and Technology Key Project (2008zx10002-014, 2008zx10002- 011 and 2009ZX 10004-403) and a 111 Project to Deng H.
基金Supplementary information is linked to the online version of the paper on Cell Research website.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China (30901714, 30671070 and 30771107), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2007CB914500), the Ministry of Education of China (NCET-06-0530), the Ministry of Health of China (WKJ2006-2-014), the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (20070421179), the Department of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province (2009F80032), and the Natural Scientific Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China (R205291, Y206103 and 2007R10G2010103).
基金We would like to thank Dr Nam-Hai Chua (Rockefeller Univer- sity) for kindly providing the pBA002Myc vector and the Arabi- dopsis Biological Resource Center (ABRC), Ohio State University for providing ToDNA insertion lines. This work was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30530400/90717006/30670195) to Q Xie and Y Wu, the Chinese Academy of Science (KSCX2-YW-N-010 and CXTD-S2005-2), and the (iuangdong Natural Science Foundation, China (No. 5300648) to Z Deng.