郑观应道号及学道始年考

自古以来,学道者有两种截然不同的态度:一为己,一为世。而郑观应学习道术,不仅为求健身长寿,而且想藉此拯救苍生。郑观应这一思想,经常在他的诗文中流露出来。例如:“为救灾黎且学仙”(《七十生日书怀》),“全凭法剑靖烽烟”(《狂吟》);“但得神丹坚骨髓,愿挥慧剑扫尘氛”(《将至渝城有感》);“欲求点铁成金术,普救灾黎四海清”(《敬步吕祖师呈钟离祖师原韵》)。

一种磁选机卸矿装置的开发与应用

尖山铁矿开发了一种湿式筒式磁选机的精矿卸矿装置,重点对该装置的设计方案和实施应用方式进行阐述。应用实践表明,该装置能调节供水压力及卸矿水管与磁滚筒的不同位置出水角度,并有利于及时疏通维护,能有效地冲洗磁选机滚筒表面精矿,提高磁选机选别效果和延长磁滚筒筒皮使用周期,同时可取得显著的经济效益。

Economic Globalization: An Irresistible Trend Despite Imperfections

The world is entering into a new era of economic globalization. Realizing the benefits of globalization depends on a host of realistic conditions including technology and infrastructure, geopolitical pattern and the structure of market power, and international institutional arrangements, i.e., the global governance structure, among others. In this new era of economic globalization, international competition boils down to the ＂good governance＂ of countries rather than the use of force and hegemonism. Most importantly, a country must promote the vibrancy of innovation in order to stay competitive and creative. In this sense, China＇s position in the new era of economic globalization hinges upon its transition from being the ＂leader of world economic growth＂ to being a future ＂leader of good governance and vibrancy. ＂ Interests of various economies become interlocked, intertwined and overlap. Despite the inevitability of conflicts and frictions, more inclusive and balanced global development serves the interests of most nations. For great powers with extended boundaries of interests across the world, the maintenance of the new balance of power in economic globalization is consistent with their respective national interests. Hence, in the new era of economic globalization characterized by the inevitability of intricate interests and inevitable conflicts, the world is likely to be more peaceful, competitive and inclusive than any previous age of economic globalization.

Spatial Spillover and the Factors Influencing Public Service Supply in Sichuan Province, China

This article examines the spatial characteristics of public service supply and the factors influencing such supply in cities of Sichuan Province, China using spatial-autocorrelation and spatial econometric models with statistical data in 2012. The results demonstrate that expenditures on different types of public services present different spatial autocorrelation patterns. Although the spatial differences in basic public service expenditures are relatively small, a clear fan-shaped spillover to the east can be seen in Chengdu City. Chengdu also shows high clustering of advanced public service expenditures, being a typical core-periphery pattern. Post-earthquake reconstruction expenditures are clustered in the "5.12 Wenchuan earthquake" region and spill over toward cities to the east. The efficiency of public services in the mountainous areas in western Sichuan is low and exhibits a pattern of low-low spatial autocorrelation. The efficiency of public service supply is affected by economic, social, political and geographical factors. Based on the results of this analysis, we recommend a supply strategy that incorporates different types of public services and a specialized public service supply strategy for mountainous areas. Overall public service efficiency should be enhanced by focusing on narrowing the gap in farmers' income among regions and accelerating urbanization. Decision-makers should consider moresupportive policies with regard to providing basic public services in mountainous areas to ensure an equalized supply of basic public services. To enhance the efficiency of advanced public service supply, additional growth pole should be encouraged and incentivized; however, investments are required to drive the development of the peripheral regions through regional economic integration. Both software and hardware types of infrastructure are required to supply services efficiently during post-disaster reconstruction.

The"Belt and Road"Initiative:A Chinese Concept for Global Development

China＇s ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative is emerging as the Western-dominated world order is declining. Capitalism has intensified the rich-poor divide and power politics have led to great upheavals. Western values have caused a ＂value dislocation＂ for non-Western countries. The world is calling for new development concepts. The ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative has emerged as an answer. It embodies China＇s ideas on global development. First, it works for the ＂common prosperity＂ of every country, which will ease contradictions between the South and the North. Second, it emphasizes geo-economie integration that will heal the fragmentation of Eurasia. Third, it advocates linkages between people and inclusiveness to create a new kind of civilization. However, many difficulties and challenges lie ahead for the implementation of the ＂Belt and Road＂ initiative.

Impact of openness, economic policy reform and regional shocks on trade and growth of Thailand： An econometric study

Thailand has currently enhanced and promoted intensive trade and investment liberalization and implemented long-term growth policy according with current regional economic integration, WTO obligations and globalization. Nevertheless, several recent internal and external factors e.g. the massive SARS and avian flu outbreaks, the Indian Ocean tsunami devastation, the Asia financial crisis and domestic policy reforms （ICSEAD, 2006） have also impeded this policy. While the issues are important for Thailand and developing countries in Asia, only limited research has been undertaken to investigate them. The paper conducts a substantive quantitative study to contribute to these trade and development policy issues. A new econometric modelling policy method, namely the generalized gravity theory （Tran Van Hoa, 2004） is used to develop a simple flexible simultaneous-equation econometric model of Thailand＇s openness model with its seven major trade partners （ASEAN-4, Australia, the USA, the EU, China, Japan and India）. Using data from the ICSEAD, the World Development Indicators and the Bank of Thailand databases, the paper reveals efficient and reliable empirical findings on trade-growth causality, trade determination including the impact of shocks and policy reform on trade and growth between Thailand and its major trade partners over the past two decades. The paper also provides evidence on the linkages between trade in goods, FDI and services and regional economic integration for more credible policy implications.

Chinese Contemporary Art Design from the Perspective of National Culture

The progress of social economy drives the progress of humanity art. Due to historical condition reason, the pace of art design development in China is late. Since the reform and opening up, the art design obtains a long-term development in China. In order to adapt to the trend of world economy integration, all aspects of art design fields in China are learning from the foreign countries, however, it is hard to have a breakthrough creation in itself, and it lacks of domestic art design ＂localization＂ , which can not fully reflect the national culture and national elements. At the same time, the self-innovation power is weak, and the creation ability is insufficient, which also restricts the independent development of art design field to a higher level in China. The art design, as a comprehensive subject, is affected by many factors of society, science and technology and market for its own improvement. This paper mainly discusses from national culture level for art design, thinking that if the art design in China wants to develop higher, it needs to be based on the national culture and profound cultural base, constructing the art design products with Chinese national styles.

On National Sovereignty under Economic Globalization

Formally, national sovereignty can be identified as hard and soft;social-structurally,it consists of politi- cal sovereignty, economic sovereignty and cultural sovereignty. With the globalization of world economy,na- tional sovereignty is changing.Our country is now confronted by three major challenges: the independence of economic sovereignty,the integrity of political sovereignty and the equality of cultural sovereignty. This research probes how to maximize national benefits under globalization.

Review Study on Main Models of Market Integration

With the endless strengthening of the economic globalization trend, the world market gradually steps into a new turn of the market integration period. Market integration in China is always the key study field of academic communities, but it is developed late, whatever content system or methodology shall be greatly improved as expected. This paper aims at summarizing and reviewing the study on the content system and main demonstrations of market integration in order to provide theoretical guide and methodological basis for related studies.

The Theory of Unitary Development of Chengdu and Chongqing

Chengdu and Chongqing are two megalopolises with the synthesized economic strength and the trongest urban competitiveness in the entire western region, which have very important positions in the devel- opment of western China. Through horizontal contrast of social economic developing levelof the two cities, the wo cities’ economic foundation of unitary development is analyzed from complementary and integrative elationship.Then the policies and measures of economic unitary development of two cities is put forward.

The Major Power Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics in the Transition of International Order

The early 21st century finds great change in international order. China＇s foreign relations have entered a new phase where its driving force is rapidly rising for the emerging countries and new global economic govemance mechanism is gradually established. To follow the trend of the times, China has actively participated in global economic govemance and supply of public goods. China＇ s foreign relations present a new vision, idea and strategy under the leadership of President Xi Jinping. It is a new starting point for China to further integrate itself into the world and open itself wider to the world. China takes an active part to participate in global governance and plays an important role in the issues of economic integration, environmental governance, climate change, nuclear nonproliferation, energy crisis, intemet security and anti-terrorism, especially anti-terrorism. This article explains the performance of international relations in current transition order and tries to tackle prior （and in some ways more intractable） issues and to analyze the internal logics and external environment of impact of multi-polarization on China＇s major power diplomacy with its characteristics in the transition of International order.

An Analytic Study on Internal Linkages Between Human Development and Globalization

Globalization is often understood as increasing global economic integration, global forms of governance, and globally inter-linked social and environmental developments. The target of this paper~ is to demonstrate the connection among human development, globalization, and institutional quality. The second part provides the methodology of measuring the overall globalization with an emphasis on the 2011 Konjunkturforschungsstelle （KOF） Globalization Index. The KOF Globalization Index includes economic, social, and political contexts. The third part shortly introduces one of the parameters of institutional quality--Human Development Index （HDI） （or rather Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index （IHDI） as the real indicator of the level of human development） and its methodology and results. For the analysis, two out of three dimensions of IHDI were used （long and healthy life and access to education） and two dimensions of Globalization Index were employed （social and political globalization）. The third part compares indices and scores together, analyzes them, and assesses the relationships between the HDI and the Globalization Index. It is possible to conclude from the results achieved in the study that the social globalization has stronger linkages with human development than with the political globalization, yet, spurring growth rates and reduced poverty in countries with poor institutions cannot be achieved simply by globalizing their economies.

A Feasibility Study for New Transport Connections between Italy and Algeria

The present study is part of the Executive Scientific Project 2 in the ItalMed Project which aims to elaborate a feasibility study for new transport connections between Italy and Algeria. The main objectives of the study are to increase the degree of economic integration between the two countries and improve commercial exchanges and direct investments in Algeria by Italian private companies. Moreover, the study tries to promote Italy＇s role as logistic platform for Mediterranean Countries along the east-west and north-south corridors and to improve the capacity of Italian regions to manage international cooperation programs on transport and logistics, finally, to support regional entrepreneurship in the foreign services sector.

Foreign Trade and Social Inequity in the Andean Community of Nations CAN

This paper was made using a descriptive analysis of some indicators from the data basis of Economic Commission for Latin America （CEPAL）, CEPAL and answers the question： Have there been enough foreign trade dynamics during the last years （1999-2006） in order to reduce social inequality gaps？ The results here shown correspond to the first stage of a research that relates poverty to countries＇ economic productivity. The article presents foreign trade, economic growth, and social inequality overview in the countries of the Andean Community of Nations during the years 1999-2006. In considering this period, the last international crisis is overlooked, but it takes in account the importance of the Millennium Development Goals set by the UNDP. The analysis of the basic indicators reflects that the dynamics of economic integration and foreign trade do not translate into better social equality and poverty reduction. This paper shows an economic and social contrast obtained from the results by countries of the Andean Community of Nations （CAN） during the years 1999-2006, comprised by Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Venezuela, though the last country is not currently part of CAN. These indicators are exports, imports, relative commercial balance, gross domestic product, gross domestic product per capita, unemployment, GINI index, population, urban development index, and poverty. The paper presents a succinct conceptual framework where the relationship between foreign trade and social inequality is established, from which the description and analysis of the proposed indicators is formulated, permitting the establishing of an apparent practical connection between economic behavior and social results from the CAN countries.

On the Formation & Growth of Chengdu—Chongqing Economic Strip

According to the essential features of urban economic strips, this paper is intended to point out that Chengdu-Chongqing strip has so far been an urban area in geographic or spatial sense, but not an urban economic strip in economic sense.On further basis of analyzing several problems existing inthe development of Chengdu-Chongqing economic strip,some countermeasures are correspondingly put forward hereafter.

Study on ＂Integration of Informatization and Industrialization＂ Characteristics and Its Interaction Relationship with Industrial Design

The ＂integration of informatization and industrialization＂ is a constant development process. In China, the integration of industrial economy and information economy is an inevitable trend of economy development. The social formation of the current industrial society in China will inevitably transform into the social formation of the integration of industrial society and information society. The ＂integration of informatization and industrialization＂ provides necessary technology for economic development,which makes the society have an overall change. This paper tries to make a comparison of the basic features of different formations from the historical development process of the era, in order to summarize the basic characteristics of ＂integration of informatization and industralization＂ and its interaction relationship with industrial design.

Study on Foreign Teachers＇ Teaching Validity of English Majors

With the deepening of global economic integration, the internationalization of education has become the trend of education development in the world. The paper intends to study on foreign teachers＇ teaching validity from English majors＇ students＇ perspective. The essay mainly adopts the classroom observation method to directly observe foreign teachers＇ classroom. In addition, the paper used the questionnaire and interview method for the English major students to get the first-hand feedback information to explore the existing problems of foreign teachers and then puts forward some suggestions.There are there parts in this paper. The first part is introduction of background and significance, and then it mainly analyzes performance of English majors from the present situation of the foreign teachers＇ class, and finally solves some common problems in classroom teaching.

The Influences of Cultural Conflict On Business Administration

With the global economic integration, companies from different countries are involved in increasingly close interchange and unavoidably run into the problem of culture difference in management, and properly handling the resulting culture conflict is of positive practical significance. The enterprise culture is the coexistence of culture and management. Different cultural background decides totally different business philosophy and management style.？Chinese culture belongs to the humanistic culture, while western culture is a culture of science. The difference between two kinds of culture mainly lies in four aspects which are decision making, management philosophy, governance structure and the judgment criterion of the management effect. Enterprise management culture in the west has both advantages and disadvantages. China enterprises should foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses, and combine the excellent traditional culture and the western advanced scientific management culture organically.

Multinational company performance management -- general motors, for example

The pattern of economic integration in the world today international political, economic, cultural and social environment. multinational company human resources management is facing a complex This paper use the research method of qualitative analysis, investigation method, and the multinational corporation management environment, the analysis of the factors influencing factors of performance management of multinational companies, general motors, for example, combined with the actual situation of performance management in a multinational company, is advantageous to the multinational companies to develop human resources, improve business performance.

Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth in China: A Meta-Regression Analysis

In order to test whether the major empirical results on the ＂relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth in China＂ are affected by study characteristics, this paper conducts a meta-analysis of the major existing empirical literature. Our analysis indicates that some empirical results on how China＇s jqscal decentralization affects economic growth are subject to different study characteristics. In particular, empirical results that fiscal decentralization has ＂significant positive effect＂ on economic growth are subject to such study characteristics as ＂region, labor and capital growth rate, other reforms and intra-budget capital.＂ Through the funnel plot asymmetry test, the problem of publication bias is found to exist in the sampled literature and is concentrated in spending decentralization.