The 2010 football World Cup is held successfully, which shows the great charming again. However, as the essence of Chinese martial arts, there is still a long way to go, though there has been some progress in recent y...The 2010 football World Cup is held successfully, which shows the great charming again. However, as the essence of Chinese martial arts, there is still a long way to go, though there has been some progress in recent years, compred with the spread of sports such as taekwondo and karate, ＂ Stones from other hills, can learn＂ . This paper learn from the positive experience from football and analyse it from the view of culture, turnament, stars and so on, which will give suggestion for the spread and development of martial arts.展开更多
The pathogenesis of both entities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is still complex and under investigation. The importance of the microbial flora in de...The pathogenesis of both entities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is still complex and under investigation. The importance of the microbial flora in developing IBD is beyond debate. In the last few years, the focus has changed from adaptive towards innate immunity. Crohn's ileitis is associated with a deficiency of the antimicrobial shield, as shown by a reduced expression and secretion of the Paneth cell defensin HD5 and HD6, which is related to a Paneth cell differentiation defect mediated by a diminished expression of the Wnt transcription factor TCF4. In UC, the protective mucus layer, acting as a physical and chemical barrier between the gut epithelium and the luminal microbes, is thin- ner and in part denuded as compared to controls. This could be caused by a missing induction of the goblet cell differentiation factors Hath1 and KLF4 leading to immature goblet cells. This defective Paneth and goblet cell differentiation in Crohn's ileitis and UC may enablethe luminal microbes to invade the mucosa and trigger the inflammation. The exact molecular mechanisms behind ileal CD and also UC must be further clarified, but these observations could give rise to new therapeutic strategies based on a stimulation of the protective innate immune system.展开更多
文摘The 2010 football World Cup is held successfully, which shows the great charming again. However, as the essence of Chinese martial arts, there is still a long way to go, though there has been some progress in recent years, compred with the spread of sports such as taekwondo and karate, ＂ Stones from other hills, can learn＂ . This paper learn from the positive experience from football and analyse it from the view of culture, turnament, stars and so on, which will give suggestion for the spread and development of martial arts.
基金Supported by The Robert Bosch Foundation Stuttgart Germany and the Emmy Noether program (Wehkamp J) of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
文摘The pathogenesis of both entities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is still complex and under investigation. The importance of the microbial flora in developing IBD is beyond debate. In the last few years, the focus has changed from adaptive towards innate immunity. Crohn's ileitis is associated with a deficiency of the antimicrobial shield, as shown by a reduced expression and secretion of the Paneth cell defensin HD5 and HD6, which is related to a Paneth cell differentiation defect mediated by a diminished expression of the Wnt transcription factor TCF4. In UC, the protective mucus layer, acting as a physical and chemical barrier between the gut epithelium and the luminal microbes, is thin- ner and in part denuded as compared to controls. This could be caused by a missing induction of the goblet cell differentiation factors Hath1 and KLF4 leading to immature goblet cells. This defective Paneth and goblet cell differentiation in Crohn's ileitis and UC may enablethe luminal microbes to invade the mucosa and trigger the inflammation. The exact molecular mechanisms behind ileal CD and also UC must be further clarified, but these observations could give rise to new therapeutic strategies based on a stimulation of the protective innate immune system.
