The correct translation of the Confucian classics is based on the correct comprehension of the culture-loaded words. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the changing meanings of these words, then find out the ways t...The correct translation of the Confucian classics is based on the correct comprehension of the culture-loaded words. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the changing meanings of these words, then find out the ways to determine their meanings and at last point out the principle, strategies and methods of better translating these words through discussing the translation purpose and the philosophical nature of the Confucian classics.展开更多
The motif of the knight is frequently used in medieval art; it has made a surprising comeback in the 19th century through artists, such as the Pre-Raphaelites or the Viennese artists at the end of the 19th and the beg...The motif of the knight is frequently used in medieval art; it has made a surprising comeback in the 19th century through artists, such as the Pre-Raphaelites or the Viennese artists at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Gustav Klimt interprets this motif in a very personal manner, which throws a totally different light on the status of the knight than traditional interpretations. The aim of this paper is to indicate and analyze the very features that make Klimt＇s knight different from that established through the historic, literary, and artistic canons and reveal it as closer to Nietzsche＇s modern man--afflicted by the malady that the philosopher diagnoses and whose symptoms he describes as follows： A weakened personality, and the absence of a strong will, associated with the specific age and culture.展开更多
This paper is a description of a writing course that was designed and implemented to provide first year composition students from two cultures and two countries the opportunity to partner together on writing assignmen...This paper is a description of a writing course that was designed and implemented to provide first year composition students from two cultures and two countries the opportunity to partner together on writing assignments. The purpose is to explore home culture and target culture issues. This qualitative study is based on the premise that assignments which encourage critical thinking and metacognitive analysis about culture enhance cross-cultural understanding, breakdown ethnic stereotypes, and provide opportunities for students to understand the benefits of cultural diversity first hand. Success of breaking down cultural barriers was limited, but promising for future endeavors.展开更多
In the long-term production and life practice, Hakka ethnic group has created its own unique culture, and the sports culture is an important part of Hakka culture. Hakka sports culture has attained constant developmen...In the long-term production and life practice, Hakka ethnic group has created its own unique culture, and the sports culture is an important part of Hakka culture. Hakka sports culture has attained constant development and integration along with the migration of the Hakka ethnic group. In the meantime, it has been fully inherited promoted.展开更多
Some factors that have contributed to the need for organizational leaders to adapt, and adjust to other national cultures are the globalization of the workforce, the expansion of international companies, and exposure ...Some factors that have contributed to the need for organizational leaders to adapt, and adjust to other national cultures are the globalization of the workforce, the expansion of international companies, and exposure of many national organizations to increased business competition. The increased competition has forced organizational leaders to engage in the understanding of the cultural limitations of organizations and their leadership practices. In addition, cross-cultural leadership researchers in 21st century are cognizant of the fact that culture is a condition, and a boundary to previous leadership theories and practices. Using Gerte Hofstede＇s cultural dimension model, culture and organizational leadership as they relate to the leadership practices of participants, and National and Family Cultures are examined in this revised paper.展开更多
The Pisan Cantos （1948）, Ezra Pound＇s great epic, which reflects major social, cultural, and historical themes, is based on Western and Chinese cultures, especially Chinese Confucian thoughts. This paper attempts t...The Pisan Cantos （1948）, Ezra Pound＇s great epic, which reflects major social, cultural, and historical themes, is based on Western and Chinese cultures, especially Chinese Confucian thoughts. This paper attempts to provide an analysis of Confucian classics and Chinese characters/ideograms as cited in The Pisan Cantos, and to present the unique way in which Pound expresses his emotions and enriches his poetic art. Since, Chinese culture that emphases such concepts as ＂benevolence＂ and ＂sincerity＂ offers a more philosophical and poetical foundation to the cantos, it is understandable that The Pisan Cantos embodies Pound＇s ambition to reestablish the war-ruined Western world by Chinese Confucian thoughts, which he regards as an important foundation stone for establishing an idealistic regime展开更多
The effect of globalization on family care traditions has emerged as a significant issue of academic debate in recent years. Globalization and the growth of liberal market economy in local areas has rapidly transforme...The effect of globalization on family care traditions has emerged as a significant issue of academic debate in recent years. Globalization and the growth of liberal market economy in local areas has rapidly transformed the traditional pattern of family structure, livelihood strategies of the family members, and care giving practices to the elderly in Nepal. Traditionally, the older people used to live in joint family comprised of their mamed son and their children. The reciprocal exchange of care between the parents and children was associated with the religious conception of virtue and vice. If the oft-springs would not take care for their parents, it was considered as a great sin. This tradition has been gradually eroding with the migration of youths to different destination in search of opportunities for their education and employment. This migratory process has weakened the traditional role of families as care giving institutions to old parents and disable member in the family. The old parents are now increasingly shelter to care homes for their caring. The children maintain their ties with their parents mainly by economic support for their maintenance. The old people have been unable to receive any moral care and support from other members of their family. This article examines the changes on the traditional responsibility of family as a care giving unit for the old people. It discusses the issues based on data gathered fllrough in-depfll interviews and case study of 37 senior citizens living in Siddhi Shaligram Senior Citizens Home （SSSCH） at Bhaktapur district. The secondary sources of information have also been used to shin-pen the conceptual issues related to this field展开更多
SEVERAL years ago,an animation film featuring ancient Chinese sage Confucius and his home province of Shandong was shown in New York＇s Times Square.The image of Confucius in an ink-and-wash animation screened forthe ...SEVERAL years ago,an animation film featuring ancient Chinese sage Confucius and his home province of Shandong was shown in New York＇s Times Square.The image of Confucius in an ink-and-wash animation screened forthe people of this main metropolis was an example of ancient China＇s integration into today＇s world.At the opening ceremony of the international seminar commemorating the 2,565th anniversary of展开更多
The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of parent involvement and intervention in early childhood education. What formulates the lock and key theory in early childhood programs is parental participa...The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of parent involvement and intervention in early childhood education. What formulates the lock and key theory in early childhood programs is parental participation versus educational achievement. Upon the parents＇ vital involvement, it is perceived that social and cognitive development, aided by educators, will be significantly achieved. Furthermore, parent＇s early intervention is an added value to classrooms and schools, for it creates a dimension of involvement in the decisions which shape the children＇s education as a whole. Moreover, and due to parent/teacher cooperation in the classroom and at home, the child＇s interest in learning will be triggered, yielding other positive outcomes. Therefore, people must emphasize the parent＇s role in order to aid children＇s complex and evolving multi-cultural and global nature.展开更多
As of French, German and Ojibwe mixed-blood origin, Louise Erdrich, a well-known and prolific American writer, has always been dealing with the theme of the relationship between Catholicism and Ojibwe spirituality in ...As of French, German and Ojibwe mixed-blood origin, Louise Erdrich, a well-known and prolific American writer, has always been dealing with the theme of the relationship between Catholicism and Ojibwe spirituality in her fictional world. Her attitude towards Catholicism and Ojibwe spirituality has sparked a heated discussion among scholars and researchers in recent years. Under such academic atmosphere, therefore, LaRose is discussed in this paper. It is shown inLaRose that when white and tribal history come together, where Catholic and traditional spirit worlds intersect, and when Western legal justice cannot solve an ethical problem, Ojibwe spirituality can be used for healing trauma, which is represented through the tradition of adoption as a spiritual reparation, the acquisition of power through naming and biological inheritance and the practice of rituals and ceremonies, from all of which the healing power is derived. Rather than being a syncretism with Catholic, Ojibwe spirituality should preserve its own traditions and cultures to survive generational as well as individual trauma and maintain a culture survivance展开更多
The novel Sons and lovers, written by D. H. Lawrence, describes the state that the relationship between husband and wife loses balance. That is to say, power of the wife in the family is so strong that the wife, Mrs. ...The novel Sons and lovers, written by D. H. Lawrence, describes the state that the relationship between husband and wife loses balance. That is to say, power of the wife in the family is so strong that the wife, Mrs. Morel controls the whole family but not Mr. Morel. It also informs readers the process of how she comes to change her pure maternity to the passion between man and woman after she can＇t reform her husband and can＇t find the ideal lover image in her husband. This thesis tries to analyze the formation of imbalanced relationship between husband and wife, its expression, its influence on the children and significance on family education. Meanwhile, it also warns us of the importance of family atmosphere and family education to the healthy growth of children.展开更多
In this paper, the author refers to the Latin translation of the Kitab Ihsa ＇al＇ Ulum of Al-Frabi made by Dominicus Gundissalinus in the Xllth Century in Toledo, Spain. This text under the Latin title De scientiis w...In this paper, the author refers to the Latin translation of the Kitab Ihsa ＇al＇ Ulum of Al-Frabi made by Dominicus Gundissalinus in the Xllth Century in Toledo, Spain. This text under the Latin title De scientiis was one of the most influential texts of the Arab and Persian world in the western Latin Europe. It is an introductory text into all until known sciences written for students and laymen （illiterate） who want to study one of these sciences. The text of Al-Farabi discusses the seven liberal arts, all of the works on physics of Aristotle and includes some reflexions on metaphysics, political philosophy and theology. There are two important points： （1） All sciences have a theoretical and practical aspect. All sciences are sciences of principles and causes and their application to the practical world. （2） The so called prima philosophia is the political philosophy and not metaphysics. In this respect, Al-Farabi subordinates theology as a science of the religious laws to politics as a science of civil laws. In the same respect, he combines, under the famous sentence of Plato that philosophers are the governors and the very well companions of mankind, politics with theology展开更多
London, one of the most popular settings in literature, is portrayed in many literary works not only as the centre of power, dreams, expectations, and fears, but also as the city of plurality and multiplicity of cultu...London, one of the most popular settings in literature, is portrayed in many literary works not only as the centre of power, dreams, expectations, and fears, but also as the city of plurality and multiplicity of cultures. Considering V. S. Naipaul＇s The Mimic Men （1967） in terms of the depiction of London, what comes to the fore is that Naipaul＇s own background has an undeniable impact upon his illustration of London. Naipaul, as an in-between individual belonging to his hometown Trinidad and also to England, where he received his education, has experienced a metaphorical colonization due to his inner conflicts because of his hybridity. In this sense, in The Mimic Men, he creates his character Ralph Singh, who is struggling with the social and political forces and trying to find a place not only in his own country on the Caribbean Island of Isabella, but also among the English in London as a politician. In the novel, London is regarded as the city of freedom and hopes as well as the city of disillusionments and hopelessness. Therefore, in this paper, hybridity, otherness in London, and the influence of Naipaul＇s own biography upon his portrayal of London in The Mimic Men will be explored.展开更多
In the works of two young women from Morocco, themes of identity, belonging, class, race, gender, changing customs and language, and literary references abound. Since both writers are relative newcomers to their liter...In the works of two young women from Morocco, themes of identity, belonging, class, race, gender, changing customs and language, and literary references abound. Since both writers are relative newcomers to their literary scenes, the only bibliography available consists of brief reviews. The author hopes to give their work a wider audience so that divulgation will lead to more criticism and the attention they deserve. The literary references in these two writers are very indicative of their adopted cultures： Najat El Hachmi＇s favorites are mostly Catalan writers, while Laila Lalami speaks of American authors who lived in Morocco, and both mention traditional Arabic literature. The work of both these writers is greatly enriched, if sometimes painfully, by their absorption into multiple cultures and identities.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to elucidate the nature and viability of teaching philosophy establishing their impact on the construction of philosophy in developing countries such as Peru. This article is inserted in the c...The aim of this paper is to elucidate the nature and viability of teaching philosophy establishing their impact on the construction of philosophy in developing countries such as Peru. This article is inserted in the context of the need to rethink the missed philosophy marked by Badiou who proposes two ideas and binding areas： Philosophy is a reflection on all that is in the infinite universe, including humans; and, being the reflection （thinking） an innate characteristic of the human being, then, in some way, we are philosophers. It follows two thoughts that philosophy is not taught or learned but is assumed in the measure of their level of education and knowledge. In such conditions, it is not the teaching of philosophy that which has to build philosophy or form ＂philosophers,＂ but is education. It is established, therefore, that between the philosophy and the education, there is a direct relationship in the sense that the first is based on the second and a good education is a prerequisite for the development of philosophy in a society condition. For this important reason, developing countries still do not have adequate conditions for sustained construction of philosophy because they have educational models that prevent it from radiating a good education to society. Being a good carrier of a good education philosophy, a poorly educated person has limitations to acquire of philosophical thinking. Therefore, these reasons are that in these countries, the teaching philosophy has proved to be unsuccessful. Being poor education in underdeveloped societies, where language skills and science are below international standards, it is easy to deduce that such societies are facing philosophy and devoid of conditions to form part of their cultures. Our hypothesis is that philosophy in a society cannot be built on the basis of the teaching of philosophy, but on the basis of a good education. The fact that in underdeveloped societies, as is the case of Peru, there is no philosophy in terms of what it means in modern times, is not because there is no teaching of philosophy but because there is archaic educational models. In these countries, the education model is anti-philosophical. Our approach is based on the education system prevalent in underdeveloped countries such as Peru, which is not feasible ＂teaching philosophy＂ to steadily build philosophy as part of national cultures, and instead it is necessary for the design and implementation of new models of education.展开更多
Traditional Chinese sport conveys China＇s millenniums＇ culture, which can be taken as symbol of China＇s culture. Therefore, the application for the status of national intangible cultural heritage becomes unavoidabl...Traditional Chinese sport conveys China＇s millenniums＇ culture, which can be taken as symbol of China＇s culture. Therefore, the application for the status of national intangible cultural heritage becomes unavoidable. No matter it will be successful or not, the process will boost its industry. This paper argued its push to traditional Chinese sport industry from the point of traveling, sporting goods, culture industry and entertainment and relaxation.展开更多
文摘The correct translation of the Confucian classics is based on the correct comprehension of the culture-loaded words. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the changing meanings of these words, then find out the ways to determine their meanings and at last point out the principle, strategies and methods of better translating these words through discussing the translation purpose and the philosophical nature of the Confucian classics.
文摘The motif of the knight is frequently used in medieval art; it has made a surprising comeback in the 19th century through artists, such as the Pre-Raphaelites or the Viennese artists at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Gustav Klimt interprets this motif in a very personal manner, which throws a totally different light on the status of the knight than traditional interpretations. The aim of this paper is to indicate and analyze the very features that make Klimt＇s knight different from that established through the historic, literary, and artistic canons and reveal it as closer to Nietzsche＇s modern man--afflicted by the malady that the philosopher diagnoses and whose symptoms he describes as follows： A weakened personality, and the absence of a strong will, associated with the specific age and culture.
文摘This paper is a description of a writing course that was designed and implemented to provide first year composition students from two cultures and two countries the opportunity to partner together on writing assignments. The purpose is to explore home culture and target culture issues. This qualitative study is based on the premise that assignments which encourage critical thinking and metacognitive analysis about culture enhance cross-cultural understanding, breakdown ethnic stereotypes, and provide opportunities for students to understand the benefits of cultural diversity first hand. Success of breaking down cultural barriers was limited, but promising for future endeavors.
文摘In the long-term production and life practice, Hakka ethnic group has created its own unique culture, and the sports culture is an important part of Hakka culture. Hakka sports culture has attained constant development and integration along with the migration of the Hakka ethnic group. In the meantime, it has been fully inherited promoted.
文摘Some factors that have contributed to the need for organizational leaders to adapt, and adjust to other national cultures are the globalization of the workforce, the expansion of international companies, and exposure of many national organizations to increased business competition. The increased competition has forced organizational leaders to engage in the understanding of the cultural limitations of organizations and their leadership practices. In addition, cross-cultural leadership researchers in 21st century are cognizant of the fact that culture is a condition, and a boundary to previous leadership theories and practices. Using Gerte Hofstede＇s cultural dimension model, culture and organizational leadership as they relate to the leadership practices of participants, and National and Family Cultures are examined in this revised paper.
文摘The Pisan Cantos （1948）, Ezra Pound＇s great epic, which reflects major social, cultural, and historical themes, is based on Western and Chinese cultures, especially Chinese Confucian thoughts. This paper attempts to provide an analysis of Confucian classics and Chinese characters/ideograms as cited in The Pisan Cantos, and to present the unique way in which Pound expresses his emotions and enriches his poetic art. Since, Chinese culture that emphases such concepts as ＂benevolence＂ and ＂sincerity＂ offers a more philosophical and poetical foundation to the cantos, it is understandable that The Pisan Cantos embodies Pound＇s ambition to reestablish the war-ruined Western world by Chinese Confucian thoughts, which he regards as an important foundation stone for establishing an idealistic regime
文摘The effect of globalization on family care traditions has emerged as a significant issue of academic debate in recent years. Globalization and the growth of liberal market economy in local areas has rapidly transformed the traditional pattern of family structure, livelihood strategies of the family members, and care giving practices to the elderly in Nepal. Traditionally, the older people used to live in joint family comprised of their mamed son and their children. The reciprocal exchange of care between the parents and children was associated with the religious conception of virtue and vice. If the oft-springs would not take care for their parents, it was considered as a great sin. This tradition has been gradually eroding with the migration of youths to different destination in search of opportunities for their education and employment. This migratory process has weakened the traditional role of families as care giving institutions to old parents and disable member in the family. The old parents are now increasingly shelter to care homes for their caring. The children maintain their ties with their parents mainly by economic support for their maintenance. The old people have been unable to receive any moral care and support from other members of their family. This article examines the changes on the traditional responsibility of family as a care giving unit for the old people. It discusses the issues based on data gathered fllrough in-depfll interviews and case study of 37 senior citizens living in Siddhi Shaligram Senior Citizens Home （SSSCH） at Bhaktapur district. The secondary sources of information have also been used to shin-pen the conceptual issues related to this field
文摘SEVERAL years ago,an animation film featuring ancient Chinese sage Confucius and his home province of Shandong was shown in New York＇s Times Square.The image of Confucius in an ink-and-wash animation screened forthe people of this main metropolis was an example of ancient China＇s integration into today＇s world.At the opening ceremony of the international seminar commemorating the 2,565th anniversary of
文摘The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of parent involvement and intervention in early childhood education. What formulates the lock and key theory in early childhood programs is parental participation versus educational achievement. Upon the parents＇ vital involvement, it is perceived that social and cognitive development, aided by educators, will be significantly achieved. Furthermore, parent＇s early intervention is an added value to classrooms and schools, for it creates a dimension of involvement in the decisions which shape the children＇s education as a whole. Moreover, and due to parent/teacher cooperation in the classroom and at home, the child＇s interest in learning will be triggered, yielding other positive outcomes. Therefore, people must emphasize the parent＇s role in order to aid children＇s complex and evolving multi-cultural and global nature.
文摘As of French, German and Ojibwe mixed-blood origin, Louise Erdrich, a well-known and prolific American writer, has always been dealing with the theme of the relationship between Catholicism and Ojibwe spirituality in her fictional world. Her attitude towards Catholicism and Ojibwe spirituality has sparked a heated discussion among scholars and researchers in recent years. Under such academic atmosphere, therefore, LaRose is discussed in this paper. It is shown inLaRose that when white and tribal history come together, where Catholic and traditional spirit worlds intersect, and when Western legal justice cannot solve an ethical problem, Ojibwe spirituality can be used for healing trauma, which is represented through the tradition of adoption as a spiritual reparation, the acquisition of power through naming and biological inheritance and the practice of rituals and ceremonies, from all of which the healing power is derived. Rather than being a syncretism with Catholic, Ojibwe spirituality should preserve its own traditions and cultures to survive generational as well as individual trauma and maintain a culture survivance
文摘The novel Sons and lovers, written by D. H. Lawrence, describes the state that the relationship between husband and wife loses balance. That is to say, power of the wife in the family is so strong that the wife, Mrs. Morel controls the whole family but not Mr. Morel. It also informs readers the process of how she comes to change her pure maternity to the passion between man and woman after she can＇t reform her husband and can＇t find the ideal lover image in her husband. This thesis tries to analyze the formation of imbalanced relationship between husband and wife, its expression, its influence on the children and significance on family education. Meanwhile, it also warns us of the importance of family atmosphere and family education to the healthy growth of children.
文摘In this paper, the author refers to the Latin translation of the Kitab Ihsa ＇al＇ Ulum of Al-Frabi made by Dominicus Gundissalinus in the Xllth Century in Toledo, Spain. This text under the Latin title De scientiis was one of the most influential texts of the Arab and Persian world in the western Latin Europe. It is an introductory text into all until known sciences written for students and laymen （illiterate） who want to study one of these sciences. The text of Al-Farabi discusses the seven liberal arts, all of the works on physics of Aristotle and includes some reflexions on metaphysics, political philosophy and theology. There are two important points： （1） All sciences have a theoretical and practical aspect. All sciences are sciences of principles and causes and their application to the practical world. （2） The so called prima philosophia is the political philosophy and not metaphysics. In this respect, Al-Farabi subordinates theology as a science of the religious laws to politics as a science of civil laws. In the same respect, he combines, under the famous sentence of Plato that philosophers are the governors and the very well companions of mankind, politics with theology
文摘London, one of the most popular settings in literature, is portrayed in many literary works not only as the centre of power, dreams, expectations, and fears, but also as the city of plurality and multiplicity of cultures. Considering V. S. Naipaul＇s The Mimic Men （1967） in terms of the depiction of London, what comes to the fore is that Naipaul＇s own background has an undeniable impact upon his illustration of London. Naipaul, as an in-between individual belonging to his hometown Trinidad and also to England, where he received his education, has experienced a metaphorical colonization due to his inner conflicts because of his hybridity. In this sense, in The Mimic Men, he creates his character Ralph Singh, who is struggling with the social and political forces and trying to find a place not only in his own country on the Caribbean Island of Isabella, but also among the English in London as a politician. In the novel, London is regarded as the city of freedom and hopes as well as the city of disillusionments and hopelessness. Therefore, in this paper, hybridity, otherness in London, and the influence of Naipaul＇s own biography upon his portrayal of London in The Mimic Men will be explored.
文摘In the works of two young women from Morocco, themes of identity, belonging, class, race, gender, changing customs and language, and literary references abound. Since both writers are relative newcomers to their literary scenes, the only bibliography available consists of brief reviews. The author hopes to give their work a wider audience so that divulgation will lead to more criticism and the attention they deserve. The literary references in these two writers are very indicative of their adopted cultures： Najat El Hachmi＇s favorites are mostly Catalan writers, while Laila Lalami speaks of American authors who lived in Morocco, and both mention traditional Arabic literature. The work of both these writers is greatly enriched, if sometimes painfully, by their absorption into multiple cultures and identities.
文摘The aim of this paper is to elucidate the nature and viability of teaching philosophy establishing their impact on the construction of philosophy in developing countries such as Peru. This article is inserted in the context of the need to rethink the missed philosophy marked by Badiou who proposes two ideas and binding areas： Philosophy is a reflection on all that is in the infinite universe, including humans; and, being the reflection （thinking） an innate characteristic of the human being, then, in some way, we are philosophers. It follows two thoughts that philosophy is not taught or learned but is assumed in the measure of their level of education and knowledge. In such conditions, it is not the teaching of philosophy that which has to build philosophy or form ＂philosophers,＂ but is education. It is established, therefore, that between the philosophy and the education, there is a direct relationship in the sense that the first is based on the second and a good education is a prerequisite for the development of philosophy in a society condition. For this important reason, developing countries still do not have adequate conditions for sustained construction of philosophy because they have educational models that prevent it from radiating a good education to society. Being a good carrier of a good education philosophy, a poorly educated person has limitations to acquire of philosophical thinking. Therefore, these reasons are that in these countries, the teaching philosophy has proved to be unsuccessful. Being poor education in underdeveloped societies, where language skills and science are below international standards, it is easy to deduce that such societies are facing philosophy and devoid of conditions to form part of their cultures. Our hypothesis is that philosophy in a society cannot be built on the basis of the teaching of philosophy, but on the basis of a good education. The fact that in underdeveloped societies, as is the case of Peru, there is no philosophy in terms of what it means in modern times, is not because there is no teaching of philosophy but because there is archaic educational models. In these countries, the education model is anti-philosophical. Our approach is based on the education system prevalent in underdeveloped countries such as Peru, which is not feasible ＂teaching philosophy＂ to steadily build philosophy as part of national cultures, and instead it is necessary for the design and implementation of new models of education.
文摘Traditional Chinese sport conveys China＇s millenniums＇ culture, which can be taken as symbol of China＇s culture. Therefore, the application for the status of national intangible cultural heritage becomes unavoidable. No matter it will be successful or not, the process will boost its industry. This paper argued its push to traditional Chinese sport industry from the point of traveling, sporting goods, culture industry and entertainment and relaxation.
