内蒙古发现回鹘体蒙古文“岩文”

中国蒙古语文学会名誉会长、中央民族大学教授哈斯额尔敦在鄂尔多斯市鄂托克旗考察期间，首次在位于该旗的阿尔巴斯山的岩壁上发现刻有回鹘体蒙古文“岩文”，岩文内容还涉及到了蒙古帝国玉玺印文。

APPROACH OF DETERMINISTIC GEOMORPH OLOGIC INSTANTANEOUS UNIT HYDROGRAPH TO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES' SIMULATION IN KARST AREA

In order to analyze the condition of s pecial landform and regularity of sp ecial hydrological movement in karst area,the method of Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph(GIUH)has been used to divide the river net-works into three grades in the research area and the karst hydrologic processes were simulated with Nash insta ntaneous u-nit hydrograph(NIUH).The combination of the GIUH and NIUH fully considers the moving path of wa ter particles in drainage and the regional composition of runoff at the end of the drainage,resulting in a rational combinatio n of probabili-ty of GIUH and NIUH and geomorphologic parameters which could reflect the complexity of the landform structur e of karst drainage.The results showed t hat the combined method of GIUH and NI UH has clear physical concept and acc ept-able precision,which can be widely a pplied on hydrological studies of karst area.

Estimating Hydrogeological Parameters in Covered Carbonate Rocks Using a Discrete-State Compartment Model and Environmental Tritium

Nowadays, isotope environmental technique tends to be used as a reconnaissance tool , both qualitative and quantitative, to calculate the aquifer parameters particularly in carbonate rock aquifers. But, the heterogeneous flow is still problematic when Lumped parameter Models are usually used to calculate the residence times and hydraulic parameters. However, Discrete State Compartment Model can provide a powerful model to heterogeneous medium. One such study was carried on in Dazha valley, where the environmental tritium was used as a tracer for determining hydrogeological parameters based on a discrete state compartment model

Analysis profile of the fully grouted rock bolt in jointed rock using analytical and numerical methods

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bolt profile on load transfer mechanism of fully grouted bolts in jointed rocks using analytical and numerical methods. Based on the analytical method with development of methods, a new model is presented. To validate the analytical model, five different profiles modeled by ANSYS software. The profile of rock bolts T3 and T4with load transfer capacity,respectively 180 and 195 kN in the jointed rocks was selected as the optimum profiles. Finally, the selected profiles were examined in Tabas Coal Mine. FLAC analysis indicates that patterns 6+7 with2 NO flexi bolt 4 m better than other patterns within the faulted zone.

Analysis of Surface and Ground Water Exchange in Two Different Watersheds

Water regime of Albanian rivers is a Mediterranean typical one. During the wet period, it flows 85%-90% of the annual flow and the dry period represents only 10%-15% of the annual amount. In this paper the water regime of the Semani and Vjosa River is analyzed. These are two rivers with total different hydro-geological characteristics. Vjosa river watershed is mainly composed of massif calcareous rocks that are streaky and karstifled. A totally different view is in the other river, in Seman where the impermeable rocks dominate. Even the distribution of the precipitation is quite different. In the Vjosa River the amount of the precipitation varies from 1,500 mm to 2,500 mm per year and in Semani River only 1,100 mm per year. The flow in the wet period is mainly a result of the precipitation and the minimum discharge occurs during the dry period representing the base flow that is the contribution from the groundwater. In this point of view the flow in the dry period is also an indicator of the underground water resource. During the dry period the watershed gives what it received and what has cumulated during the wet period. This is more evident in the case of a karstic watershed. The recession curves were analysed for all the hydrometric stations in both river basins and the parameters of these curves are evaluated. These results are analyzed and compared between the two different watersheds reflecting the differences on water exchange of surface and ground water. Finally, an assessment of groundwater resources in both hydro geological basins is worked out.

The P-wave velocity structure of the lithosphere of the North China Craton——Results from the Wendeng-Alxa Left Banner deep seismic sounding profile

For the first time on the Chinese mainland, long-range wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction profiling technology has been applied to seismic wave phases from different depths and with different attributes within the various blocks of the North China Craton to characterize the structure of the crust and upper mantle lithosphere. By comparative analysis of the seismic wave phase characteristics in each block across a 1500-km-long east-west profile, we have identified conventional Pg, Pci, PmP and Pn phases in the crust, made a clear contrast between PL1 and PL2 waves belonging to two groups of lithospheric-scale phases, and produced a model of crust-mantle velocity structures and tectonic characteristics after one- and two-dimensional calcula- tions and processing. The results show that the thickness of the crust and lithosphere gradually deepens from east to west along the profile. However, at the reflection/refraction interface, seismic waves in each group show obvious localized changes in each block. Also, the depth to the crystalline basement changes greatly, from as much as 7.8 km in the North China fault basin to only about 2 km beneath the Jiaodong Peninsula and Taihang-Ltlliang area. The Moho morphology as a whole ranges from shallow in the east to deep in the west, with the deepest point in the Ordos Block at 47 km; in contrast, the North China Plain Block is uplifting. The L1 interface of the lithosphere is observed only to the west of Taihang Mountains, at a relatively slowly changing depth of about 80 km. The L2 interface varies from 75 to 160 km and shows a sharp deepening to the west of Tai- hang Mountains, forming a mutation belt.