目的探讨认知功能障碍老年人纯音听阈和普通话快速噪声下言语识别能力特征。方法以2018年10月~2020年4月因听力下降行纯音测听及言语识别能力测试的78例老年人为研究对象,年龄60~95岁,平均72.62±8.56岁,其中男42例,女36例;根据简...目的探讨认知功能障碍老年人纯音听阈和普通话快速噪声下言语识别能力特征。方法以2018年10月~2020年4月因听力下降行纯音测听及言语识别能力测试的78例老年人为研究对象,年龄60~95岁,平均72.62±8.56岁,其中男42例,女36例;根据简易智能精神状态量表(mini-mental state examination test,MMSE)得分将对象分为认知障碍组33例,认知正常组45例;两组对象分别进行纯音测听(pure tone audiometry,PTA)、快速噪声下言语识别测试(quick speech-in-noise,Quick SIN),以信噪比损失值(signal-to-noise ratio loss,SNR loss)作为噪声下言语识别测试结果,比较不同认知功能状态的老年人听力损失程度和信噪比损失程度的差异,以及各频率听阈和信噪比损失检出率。结果认知功能障碍组Quick SIN测试SNR loss值(8.98±7.25 dB)高于正常组(4.57±5.28 dB)(P<0.05);认知功能障碍组Quick SIN测试SNR loss者25例(75.76%,25/33),其信噪比损失程度以中度为主(42.42%,14/33);认知功能正常组Quick SIN测试SNR loss者36例(80.00%,36/45),信噪比损失程度以轻度为主(46.67%,21/45),两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。认知功能障碍组125、250、500、1000 Hz频率平均听阈值(分别为25.61±13.74、25.15±14.87、31.21±18.03、37.12±18.03 dB HL)高于认知功能正常组(分别为22.67±9.63、20.33±11.84、25.33±13.46、30.56±13.62 dB HL)(P<0.05),两组2000、4000、8000 Hz频率纯音听阈差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论认知功能障碍老年人以中低频听力损失为主,且言语识别能力较认知功能正常老年人差。展开更多
目的通过普通话快速噪声下言语测试(Mandarin quick speech-in-noise test,M-Quick SIN)评估纯音听力测试(Pure tone auditory,PTA)结果正常的老年人是否存在信噪比损失(Signal-to-noise ratio loss,SNR loss)现象,探讨可能的影响因素...目的通过普通话快速噪声下言语测试(Mandarin quick speech-in-noise test,M-Quick SIN)评估纯音听力测试(Pure tone auditory,PTA)结果正常的老年人是否存在信噪比损失(Signal-to-noise ratio loss,SNR loss)现象,探讨可能的影响因素。方法选取2018年10月~2020年12月至空军特色医学中心就诊,主诉听力困难但纯音测听结果正常的老年人35例(70耳),完成简易智能精神状态量表(Mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评估、M-Quick SIN测试及教育程度调查,分别获得MMSE量表总得分及信噪比损失值和教育程度情况;根据有无信噪比损失分为信噪比损失组和信噪比正常组,比较两组的年龄、平均听阈、MMSE得分,同时分析认知功能、教育程度对信噪比损失的影响。结果35例(70耳)PTA结果正常的老年人,信噪比正常组26耳(37.14%,26/70),信噪比损失组44耳(62.86%,44/70)。信噪比损失组MMSE得分(26.48±3.16)分低于无信噪比损失组(28.12±0.91)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组老年人的年龄、PTA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。认知功能、教育程度可能是信噪比损失的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论PTA结果正常者也可能存在SNR loss现象,出现噪声下言语识别能力减弱的情况。认知功能、教育程度可能是出现噪声下言语识别能力减弱的影响因素。展开更多
目的比较助听器远程调试和传统面对面调试对中老年听障患者使用助听器效果的影响。方法对20例中老年听障患者采用面对面方式验配助听器,并使用汉语普通话噪声下言语测试(Mandarin hearing in noise test,MHINT)获得助听前后言语识别阈值...目的比较助听器远程调试和传统面对面调试对中老年听障患者使用助听器效果的影响。方法对20例中老年听障患者采用面对面方式验配助听器,并使用汉语普通话噪声下言语测试(Mandarin hearing in noise test,MHINT)获得助听前后言语识别阈值,评估效果。1周后,20例患者面对面填写中国助听器效果问卷调查(Chinese hearing aid outcomes questionnaires-CHAOQ),然后随机分为传统组和远程组,每组10例,传统组面对面进行后续助听器调试,远程组使用手机软件通过线上方式进行远程调试;调试后3周,两组再次面对面填写问卷,并完成言语识别阈测试,比较两组结果。结果两组患者助听前言语识别阈无统计学差异,佩戴助听器1周后及调试3周后两组患者的言语识别阈均降低,但调试方式对两组患者言语识别阈值的影响不显著[F(1,18)=0.15,P=0.70];助听器效果问卷调查显示,两组患者对助听器使用的满意度差异无统计学意义[F(1,18)=0.04,P=0.84]。远程组患者调试前不满意率为20%,调试3周后降为10%;传统组患者对助听器的不满意率调试前后均为20%。结论对于中老年听障患者,配戴助听器后远程调试助听器的效果与传统面对面调试相同,并且具有快捷方便实时的优点。展开更多
In this paper, we focus our grammar studies on two early Cantonese literature contexts： Huajian Ji （花菚記, 1714） and Yue Ou （粤謳, 1820）. Two aspect markers, the experience aspect marker ＂gwo 過＂ and the durat...In this paper, we focus our grammar studies on two early Cantonese literature contexts： Huajian Ji （花菚記, 1714） and Yue Ou （粤謳, 1820）. Two aspect markers, the experience aspect marker ＂gwo 過＂ and the duration aspect marker ＂dzy 住＂, in these two Cantonese books show different characteristics from oral Cantonese today. ＂Gwo＂, mostly used as an aspect marker of＂experience＂ and ＂repeat＂ in verbal expression, had the usage of＂unhappened experience＂ in the old books as a connection between this two aspects. Every step of ＂dzy＂＇s grammarlization process was clearly recorded in the written materials. By comparing with the aspect markers in Mandarin Chinese, the usage of the completion aspect marker ＂liu 了＂ found in these two books was also discussed. We argue the importance of literature context in diachronical grammar studies of dialect.展开更多
EGP and ESP teaching is one of the key factors for talent cultivation in the independent colleges. EGP teaching in the de- pendent colleges takes key and ordinary universities as models; however, there is a huge gap o...EGP and ESP teaching is one of the key factors for talent cultivation in the independent colleges. EGP teaching in the de- pendent colleges takes key and ordinary universities as models; however, there is a huge gap of students＇ English level between in the in- dependent colleges and in key and ordinary universities. For the characteristics of teaching in language as the model in the independent colleges, it is important to define how to carry out EGP and ESP. EGP is the platform of ESP. ESP designing and implementing must be linked with EGP, and based on the talent-training goal as the core.展开更多
This article traces early Chinese-Western contexts in the field of linguistics. Three groups of sources are distinguished： （1） sources on Mandarin written in China after the late sixteenth century, （2） sources on...This article traces early Chinese-Western contexts in the field of linguistics. Three groups of sources are distinguished： （1） sources on Mandarin written in China after the late sixteenth century, （2） sources on Min dialects written in the Philippines after the early seventeenth century, and（3 ） sources on Southern dialects written by Protestant missionaries in China after the middle of the nineteenth century. The focus of the paper lies on the second group, which has thus far received the least attention in research. It is concluded that the significance of early linguistic sources goes beyond historical language research. The comparison of linguistic meta-language also allows for conclusions on the exchange of ideas and concepts between Asia and Europe in the seventeenth century.展开更多
文摘目的探讨认知功能障碍老年人纯音听阈和普通话快速噪声下言语识别能力特征。方法以2018年10月~2020年4月因听力下降行纯音测听及言语识别能力测试的78例老年人为研究对象,年龄60~95岁,平均72.62±8.56岁,其中男42例,女36例;根据简易智能精神状态量表(mini-mental state examination test,MMSE)得分将对象分为认知障碍组33例,认知正常组45例;两组对象分别进行纯音测听(pure tone audiometry,PTA)、快速噪声下言语识别测试(quick speech-in-noise,Quick SIN),以信噪比损失值(signal-to-noise ratio loss,SNR loss)作为噪声下言语识别测试结果,比较不同认知功能状态的老年人听力损失程度和信噪比损失程度的差异,以及各频率听阈和信噪比损失检出率。结果认知功能障碍组Quick SIN测试SNR loss值(8.98±7.25 dB)高于正常组(4.57±5.28 dB)(P<0.05);认知功能障碍组Quick SIN测试SNR loss者25例(75.76%,25/33),其信噪比损失程度以中度为主(42.42%,14/33);认知功能正常组Quick SIN测试SNR loss者36例(80.00%,36/45),信噪比损失程度以轻度为主(46.67%,21/45),两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。认知功能障碍组125、250、500、1000 Hz频率平均听阈值(分别为25.61±13.74、25.15±14.87、31.21±18.03、37.12±18.03 dB HL)高于认知功能正常组(分别为22.67±9.63、20.33±11.84、25.33±13.46、30.56±13.62 dB HL)(P<0.05),两组2000、4000、8000 Hz频率纯音听阈差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论认知功能障碍老年人以中低频听力损失为主,且言语识别能力较认知功能正常老年人差。
文摘目的通过普通话快速噪声下言语测试(Mandarin quick speech-in-noise test,M-Quick SIN)评估纯音听力测试(Pure tone auditory,PTA)结果正常的老年人是否存在信噪比损失(Signal-to-noise ratio loss,SNR loss)现象,探讨可能的影响因素。方法选取2018年10月~2020年12月至空军特色医学中心就诊,主诉听力困难但纯音测听结果正常的老年人35例(70耳),完成简易智能精神状态量表(Mini-mental state examination,MMSE)评估、M-Quick SIN测试及教育程度调查,分别获得MMSE量表总得分及信噪比损失值和教育程度情况;根据有无信噪比损失分为信噪比损失组和信噪比正常组,比较两组的年龄、平均听阈、MMSE得分,同时分析认知功能、教育程度对信噪比损失的影响。结果35例(70耳)PTA结果正常的老年人,信噪比正常组26耳(37.14%,26/70),信噪比损失组44耳(62.86%,44/70)。信噪比损失组MMSE得分(26.48±3.16)分低于无信噪比损失组(28.12±0.91)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组老年人的年龄、PTA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。认知功能、教育程度可能是信噪比损失的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论PTA结果正常者也可能存在SNR loss现象,出现噪声下言语识别能力减弱的情况。认知功能、教育程度可能是出现噪声下言语识别能力减弱的影响因素。
文摘目的比较助听器远程调试和传统面对面调试对中老年听障患者使用助听器效果的影响。方法对20例中老年听障患者采用面对面方式验配助听器,并使用汉语普通话噪声下言语测试(Mandarin hearing in noise test,MHINT)获得助听前后言语识别阈值,评估效果。1周后,20例患者面对面填写中国助听器效果问卷调查(Chinese hearing aid outcomes questionnaires-CHAOQ),然后随机分为传统组和远程组,每组10例,传统组面对面进行后续助听器调试,远程组使用手机软件通过线上方式进行远程调试;调试后3周,两组再次面对面填写问卷,并完成言语识别阈测试,比较两组结果。结果两组患者助听前言语识别阈无统计学差异,佩戴助听器1周后及调试3周后两组患者的言语识别阈均降低,但调试方式对两组患者言语识别阈值的影响不显著[F(1,18)=0.15,P=0.70];助听器效果问卷调查显示,两组患者对助听器使用的满意度差异无统计学意义[F(1,18)=0.04,P=0.84]。远程组患者调试前不满意率为20%,调试3周后降为10%;传统组患者对助听器的不满意率调试前后均为20%。结论对于中老年听障患者,配戴助听器后远程调试助听器的效果与传统面对面调试相同,并且具有快捷方便实时的优点。
基金This research is financially supported by the Youth Program of National Social Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10CYY008）.
文摘In this paper, we focus our grammar studies on two early Cantonese literature contexts： Huajian Ji （花菚記, 1714） and Yue Ou （粤謳, 1820）. Two aspect markers, the experience aspect marker ＂gwo 過＂ and the duration aspect marker ＂dzy 住＂, in these two Cantonese books show different characteristics from oral Cantonese today. ＂Gwo＂, mostly used as an aspect marker of＂experience＂ and ＂repeat＂ in verbal expression, had the usage of＂unhappened experience＂ in the old books as a connection between this two aspects. Every step of ＂dzy＂＇s grammarlization process was clearly recorded in the written materials. By comparing with the aspect markers in Mandarin Chinese, the usage of the completion aspect marker ＂liu 了＂ found in these two books was also discussed. We argue the importance of literature context in diachronical grammar studies of dialect.
文摘EGP and ESP teaching is one of the key factors for talent cultivation in the independent colleges. EGP teaching in the de- pendent colleges takes key and ordinary universities as models; however, there is a huge gap of students＇ English level between in the in- dependent colleges and in key and ordinary universities. For the characteristics of teaching in language as the model in the independent colleges, it is important to define how to carry out EGP and ESP. EGP is the platform of ESP. ESP designing and implementing must be linked with EGP, and based on the talent-training goal as the core.
文摘This article traces early Chinese-Western contexts in the field of linguistics. Three groups of sources are distinguished： （1） sources on Mandarin written in China after the late sixteenth century, （2） sources on Min dialects written in the Philippines after the early seventeenth century, and（3 ） sources on Southern dialects written by Protestant missionaries in China after the middle of the nineteenth century. The focus of the paper lies on the second group, which has thus far received the least attention in research. It is concluded that the significance of early linguistic sources goes beyond historical language research. The comparison of linguistic meta-language also allows for conclusions on the exchange of ideas and concepts between Asia and Europe in the seventeenth century.
