AIM： To determine the effect of body mass index （BMI） on the characteristics and overall outcome of colon cancer in Taiwan. METHODS： From January 1995 to July 2003, 2138 patients with colon cancer were enrolled in...AIM： To determine the effect of body mass index （BMI） on the characteristics and overall outcome of colon cancer in Taiwan. METHODS： From January 1995 to July 2003, 2138 patients with colon cancer were enrolled in this study. BMI categories （in kg/m2） were established according to the classification of the Department of Health of Tai- wan. Postoperative morbidities and mortality, and survival analysis including overall survival （OS）, disease- free survival （DFS）, and cancer-specific survival （CSS） were compared across the BMI categories.27 kg/m2） patients. Being female, apparently anemic, hypoalbuminemic, and having body weight loss was more likely among underweight patients than among the other patients （P 〈 0.001）. Underweight patients had higher mortality rate （P = 0.00.7） and lower OS （P 〈 0.001） and DFS （P = 0.002） than the other pa- tients. OS and DFS did not differ significantly between normal-weight, overweight, and obese patients, while CSS did not differ significantly with the BMI category. CONCLUSION： In Taiwan, BMI does not significantly affect colon-CSS. Underweight patients had a higher rate of surgical mortality and a worse OS and DFS than the other patients. Obesity does not predict a worse survival.展开更多
Objectives:To measure the effect of social distancing on reducing daily deaths,infections and hospital resources needed for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients during the first wave of the pandemic in Nordic co...Objectives:To measure the effect of social distancing on reducing daily deaths,infections and hospital resources needed for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients during the first wave of the pandemic in Nordic countries.Methods:The observations of social distancing,daily deaths,infections along with the needed hospital resources for COVID-19 patient hospitalizations including the numbers of all hospital beds,beds needed in ICUs and infection wards,nursing staffs needed in ICUs and infection wards were collected from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation(IHME)by the University of Washington.The observations of social distancing were based on the reduction in human contact relative to background levels for each location quantified by cell phone mobility data collected from IHME.The weighted data per 100,000 population gathered in a 40-day period of the first wave of the pandemic in Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Norway and Sweden.Statistical technique of panel data analysis is used to measure the associations between social distancing and COVID-19 indicators in long-run.Results:Results of dynamic long-run models confirm that a 1%rise in social distancing by reducing human contacts may decline daily deaths,daily infections,all hospital beds needed,beds/nurses needed in ICUs and beds/nurses needed in infection wards due COVID-19 pandemic by 1.13%,15.26%,1.10%,1.17%and 1.89%,respectively.Moreover,results of error correction models verify that if the equilibriums between these series are disrupted by a sudden change in social distancing,the lengths of restoring back to equilibrium are 67,62,40,22 and 49 days for daily deaths,daily infections,all hospital beds needed,nurses/beds needed in ICUs and nurses/beds needed in infection wards,respectively.Conclusion:Proper social distancing was a successful policy for tackling COVID-19 with falling mortality and infection rates as well as the needed hospital resources for patient hospitalizations in Nordic countries.The results alert governments of the need for continuously implementing social distancing policies while using vaccines to prevent national lockdowns and reduce the burden of patient hospitalizations.展开更多
Apoptosis,or programmed cell death,is a complex,genetically-determined process involved in the development and maintenance of homeostasis in multicellular organisms.Dysregulation of apoptosis has been implicated in a ...Apoptosis,or programmed cell death,is a complex,genetically-determined process involved in the development and maintenance of homeostasis in multicellular organisms.Dysregulation of apoptosis has been implicated in a number of diseases,including cancer and autoimmune disease.Thus,the investigation of apoptotic regulation has evoked considerable interest.Many apoptotic proteins have been shown to be post-translationally modulated,such as by protein cleavage,translocation,protein-protein interaction,and various post-translational modifications,which fall precisely within the range of proteomic analysis.Recently,contemporary proteomic technologies have achieved significant advances and have accelerated research in functional and chemical proteomics,which have been applied to the field of apoptosis research and have the potential to be a driving force for the field.This review highlights some of the major achievements in the application of proteomics in apoptosis research and discusses new directions and challenges for the near future.展开更多
文摘AIM： To determine the effect of body mass index （BMI） on the characteristics and overall outcome of colon cancer in Taiwan. METHODS： From January 1995 to July 2003, 2138 patients with colon cancer were enrolled in this study. BMI categories （in kg/m2） were established according to the classification of the Department of Health of Tai- wan. Postoperative morbidities and mortality, and survival analysis including overall survival （OS）, disease- free survival （DFS）, and cancer-specific survival （CSS） were compared across the BMI categories.27 kg/m2） patients. Being female, apparently anemic, hypoalbuminemic, and having body weight loss was more likely among underweight patients than among the other patients （P 〈 0.001）. Underweight patients had higher mortality rate （P = 0.00.7） and lower OS （P 〈 0.001） and DFS （P = 0.002） than the other pa- tients. OS and DFS did not differ significantly between normal-weight, overweight, and obese patients, while CSS did not differ significantly with the BMI category. CONCLUSION： In Taiwan, BMI does not significantly affect colon-CSS. Underweight patients had a higher rate of surgical mortality and a worse OS and DFS than the other patients. Obesity does not predict a worse survival.
文摘Objectives:To measure the effect of social distancing on reducing daily deaths,infections and hospital resources needed for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients during the first wave of the pandemic in Nordic countries.Methods:The observations of social distancing,daily deaths,infections along with the needed hospital resources for COVID-19 patient hospitalizations including the numbers of all hospital beds,beds needed in ICUs and infection wards,nursing staffs needed in ICUs and infection wards were collected from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation(IHME)by the University of Washington.The observations of social distancing were based on the reduction in human contact relative to background levels for each location quantified by cell phone mobility data collected from IHME.The weighted data per 100,000 population gathered in a 40-day period of the first wave of the pandemic in Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Norway and Sweden.Statistical technique of panel data analysis is used to measure the associations between social distancing and COVID-19 indicators in long-run.Results:Results of dynamic long-run models confirm that a 1%rise in social distancing by reducing human contacts may decline daily deaths,daily infections,all hospital beds needed,beds/nurses needed in ICUs and beds/nurses needed in infection wards due COVID-19 pandemic by 1.13%,15.26%,1.10%,1.17%and 1.89%,respectively.Moreover,results of error correction models verify that if the equilibriums between these series are disrupted by a sudden change in social distancing,the lengths of restoring back to equilibrium are 67,62,40,22 and 49 days for daily deaths,daily infections,all hospital beds needed,nurses/beds needed in ICUs and nurses/beds needed in infection wards,respectively.Conclusion:Proper social distancing was a successful policy for tackling COVID-19 with falling mortality and infection rates as well as the needed hospital resources for patient hospitalizations in Nordic countries.The results alert governments of the need for continuously implementing social distancing policies while using vaccines to prevent national lockdowns and reduce the burden of patient hospitalizations.
基金supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant Nos. 2006CB910104,2006AAZ105 and 2009CB918404)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 30630034,90813034 and 81071668)+1 种基金the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(Grant Nos. 08JC1413700 and 07QA14041)the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Grant No. E09013)
文摘Apoptosis,or programmed cell death,is a complex,genetically-determined process involved in the development and maintenance of homeostasis in multicellular organisms.Dysregulation of apoptosis has been implicated in a number of diseases,including cancer and autoimmune disease.Thus,the investigation of apoptotic regulation has evoked considerable interest.Many apoptotic proteins have been shown to be post-translationally modulated,such as by protein cleavage,translocation,protein-protein interaction,and various post-translational modifications,which fall precisely within the range of proteomic analysis.Recently,contemporary proteomic technologies have achieved significant advances and have accelerated research in functional and chemical proteomics,which have been applied to the field of apoptosis research and have the potential to be a driving force for the field.This review highlights some of the major achievements in the application of proteomics in apoptosis research and discusses new directions and challenges for the near future.
