玉米“3414”肥料试验的产量及产值效益分析

2010年在湘南红壤丘陵区旱地采用"3414"设计方案进行玉米田间试验,研究不同施肥处理对玉米产量和经济效益等的影响。结果表明:N2P1K1处理(氮、磷、钾施肥量分别为180、37.5、45 kg/hm2)的产量和经济效益最高,分别为5 759.5 kg/hm2,9 687.6元/hm2;若只考虑单因素的影响,对玉米的增产效果是氮肥最大,其次为磷肥,钾肥最小。根据肥料效应方程,得到最佳经济产量为5 659.3 kg/hm2,最佳氮、磷、钾经济施肥量分别为168.9、34.6、38.7 kg/hm2。

Studies on the Fertilization Effect and Optimal Fertilizing Amount of Brazil Banana Based on "3414" Field Trials

Fertilizer effect model such as ternary quadratic, unary quadratic, straight line and platform model was respectively used to analyze the two-year ＂3414＂ test data collected from banana garden in Fushan Town of Hainan Province. The results showed that the optimal fertilizing amount of ternary quadratic model simulation was0.374 kg/plant of N, 0.289 kg/plant of P2O5 and 0.891 kg/plant of K2 O. According to the yield trend characteristic, the optimal fertilizing amount of unary quadratic model was 0.400kg/plant of N, 0.214 kg/plant of P2O5 and 0.901kg/plant of K2 O. Thus it can be seen that only partial indices of the optimal fertilizing amount of ternary quadratic model simulation were higher than that of unary quadratic model. Considering the results, the optimal fertilizing amount of Brazil banana was 0.374-0.400kg/plant of N, 0.214-0.289 kg/plant of P2O5 and 0.891-0.901 kg/plant of K2 O.

Establishment and Application of Fertilization Model for Wheat Interplanted with Cotton in Jianghan Plain

3414 field experiment （including three nutrient elements at four gradient levels, a total of 14 unrepeated incomplete treatments） was designed to study the fertilization measures for wheat interplanted with cotton in Qianjiang City, Hubei Province. Fertilizer model for wheat interplanted with cotton in Jianghan Plain was finally established, based on which the soil nutrient indices in wheat-cotton inter- planting field were screened; and optimal nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium appli- cation for wheat was put forward as 130-210 kg/hm2 N, 40-70 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 40-60 kg/hm2 K2O.

氮、磷、钾配施对黄花菜产量及2种蒽醌类活性成分含量的影响

为探究黄花菜栽培种植时氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)肥的最佳施肥量,给黄花菜科学合理施肥提供依据。本试验以海螺沟本地黄花菜品种为研究对象,运用"3414"肥效试验方案,分别以N13.5kg/667m^2,P2O540kg/667m^2,K2O15kg/667m2为常规施肥水平,通过大田试验,研究氮磷钾配施对黄花菜主要农艺性状、产量和2种蒽醌类活性成分含量的影响。结果表明,合理的氮磷钾配施不仅能促进单株黄花菜生长发育的协调,而且能够显著提高其鲜花中的大黄酸和大黄酚含量;施用氮磷钾肥对黄花菜产量的增产效果明显,处理6(N2P2K2)的产量最高,为1727.73kg/667m^2,比不施肥处理增产457.90kg/667m^2,增产率达36.06%;施用氮、磷、钾肥对黄花菜产量影响的大小顺序为氮>磷>钾,氮肥增产效果最显著,磷肥次之,钾肥最差。一元二次肥效方程推荐的氮、磷、钾施肥量与本实验设计的最适施肥量相似,可以用于黄花菜实际生产施肥指导。综合考虑,在海螺沟地区推荐的氮、磷、钾肥最佳施用量分别为13.69kg/667m^2、31.53kg/667m^2和26.40kg/667m^2,获得的产量为1678.98~1763.31kg/667m^2。