Investigation the Correlation between Thermal Bridging and Geometries in Concrete Buildings

This article focuses on the investigation of the correlation between thermal bridging and various geometric configurations. The article employs QuickField software for conducting three-dimensional steady-state heat transfer simulations to investigate the thermal behaviors of diverse geometric shapes. Significantly, this study involves the simulation of four distinct geometries including concrete circular, square, rectangular, and triangular column through an insulated concrete layer while all geometries maintain the consistent surface areas. The simulations yield findings indicating that circular thermal bridging has the best thermal performance, while rectangular thermal bridging displays comparatively the lowest thermal efficiency. Furthermore, the results indicate that alterations in the perimeter of thermal bridge interfaces, while maintaining a constant area, exert a more pronounced influence on the thermal performance of the geometries compared to proportional changes in area while preserving the perimeter. The study’s findings aid building designers and architects in creating more energy-efficient structural and architectural elements by incorporating thermally efficient geometries and forms. .

OSM Buildings在三维电子地图中的应用研究

三维建筑物是三维电子地图的重要组成要素,现有的网络地图普遍采用Web GL技术在地图上展现建筑物三维效果。本文则采用开源纯Java Script技术的OSM Buildings三维建筑物引擎实现在传统二维电子地图上添加三维建筑物并支持在浏览器中以无插件的方式浏览3D场景。全文详细叙述了三维建筑物所用底图数据的采集、校正、投影以及将底图数据转换成OSM Buildings所支持的Geo JSON格式的过程。

Energy Consumption Monitoring Analysis for Residential, Educational and Public Buildings

In the present article thermal and electrical energy consumptions for different types of buildings are analyzed. The latitude and longitude of the researched area are defined 59?00'N and 26?00'E. According to K?ppen climate classification the area is located in warm summer continental climate. The study consist 40 residential, 7 educational and 44 public buildings. Three years data for each building type among 2006-2011 was used. Several detailed energy balances are presented for apartment buildings. In addition the different ways of domestic hot water preparation are analyzed for apartment buildings. The school buildings average consumption values are represented in study. Also valuable information of measured electrical energy consumption balance for a new office building is presented. Finally there is included the energy consumption analysis of public buildings.

A comparative study of seismic provisions between International Building Code 2003 and Uniform Building Code 1997

This study focuses on the comparison of the Uniform Building Code （UBC） 1997 and International Building Code （IBC） 2003 in relation to the seismic design and analysis of special steel moment resisting frame buildings （SMRF）. This paper formulates a numerical study of a steel SMRF building, studied in four different situations, namely： as an office building in San Francisco; as an office building in Sacramento; as an essential facility in San Francisco, and as an essential facility in Sacramento. The analytical results of the model buildings are then compared and analyzed taking note of any significant differences. This case study explores variations in the results obtained using the two codes, particularly the design base shear and drift ratios as they relate to different locations and occupancy use. This study also proves that IBC 2003 is more stringent for the redundancy factor under design category E for the SMRF building, and drift limits for essential facilities.

Comparison and Simulation of Building Thermal Models for Effective Energy Management

Energy consumption reduction efforts in the residential buildings sector represent socio-economical, technological and environmental preoccupations which justify advanced scientific research. These lead to use inverse models to describe thermal behavior and to evaluate the energy consumption of buildings. Their principal goal is to provide supporting evidence of enhanced energy performances and predictions. More specifically, research questions are related to building thermal modeling which is the most appropriate in a smart grid context. In this context, the models are reviewed according to three categories. The first category is based on physical and basic principle modeling (white-box). The second offers a much simpler structure which is the statistical models (black-box). The black-box is used for prediction of energy consumption and heating/ cooling demands. Finally, the third category is a hybrid method (grey-box), which uses both physical and statistical modeling techniques. In this paper, we propose a detailed review and simulation of the main thermal building models. Our comparison and simulation results demonstrate that the grey-box is the most effective model for management of buildings energy consumption.

Adoption of, the Palestine Green Building Design Approach, with the Help of Checklist Tools

Nowadays our world is faced with various environmental problems. These environmental problems are caused by the increasing pollution in the world, increasing production and consumption of material goods. These problems have serious consequences for human health and also have a major impact on natural ecosystems. This paper discussed sustainable green building in terms of key principles for sustainable building, strategies and guidelines for sustainable green building, and steps for an integrated approach to green design. The study also looked at the status of green building and sustainability, as well as green building materials in Palestine. The study suggested a checklist to help assess the condition of buildings in Palestine and the extent to which they respond to the principles of sustainable green buildings, thus, contributing to help new and existing buildings to adopt a sustainable green building approach, in order to achieve the goals of sustainable green construction in terms of saving energy and resources and reducing waste, therefore, participating in preserving the environment and improving the quality of life.

Hybrid Chiller Plant Optimization Strategies for Hotel Building on Nile River of Egypt

Hybrid chiller plants (HCPs) using multiple chillers and different energy sources are highly recommended in several energy applications in non-residential buildings such as hospitals and hotels. Time of use and cooling load profiles are significant factors that should be carefully considered either in chiller plant design or in chiller sequencing operation. This article aims to present an operation planning of HCP which consists of both electric and non-electric chillers. Four operational strategies are proposed and solved to compare their coefficients of performance and economics of running costs. A typical hotel building located on the Nile river in Egypt is selected to perform the current thermal and economic case study. The total cooling load profile of this hotel building is 4000 refrigeration tonnage (TR), which is simulated to optimize chiller sequence of operation and to select optimal design conditions of both numbers for electric and non-electric chillers used in HCP. The results of this comparative study for running cost are defined using various design configurations with different several chiller sequences available for each configuration. Then, the results of COPs, and operational running cost and initial cost are presented in this article also. The comparison aims to find the optimal design and operational sequencing for HCPs on thermal basis and economic analysis which were attached in this article. Recommendations and suggestions for future work are attached at the end of this article.

Assessment of Minimizing the Environmental Functions Conflict in Buildings

Some building components are responsible for achieving more than one environmental function, these functions are usually of different requirements that can never be done by the same actions, and they are usually connected to changeable internal and external environment characteristics that vary among them. Minimizing the conflict of achieving the different environmental functions is an important challenge for all designers. Achieving a continuous thermal and optical comfort in an internal building space using the same window is an example of this challenge, as they have different requirements that may be sometimes contrary. It should be notable that there are a lot of recent technologies that may be used to find solutions for such a conflict. The Environmental Assessment Methods of Buildings appeared to set the principles of the optimum relation between buildings and their environment, they also could be used to encourage designers to reach the best environmental relations, and award them by main or additional assessment points. The research paper proposes to use the Environmental Assessment Methods of Buildings to assess the building ability of minimizing its environmental functions achievement conflict. This proposal depends on determining the inconsistency assessment items that depend on common building components to be achieved, and then determining the time periods that these items are achieved together within, to indicate the time periods without conflicting. Thus, the paper aims to raise the building environmental value in the assessment when the designer succeeds to minimize the expected conflict of the building environmental functions.

装配式“零能耗”低碳建筑的碳排放比较研究——以国际太阳能十项全能竞赛栖居作品为例

在我国双碳目标下,建筑减碳任重道远,碳排放计算成为一个设计显性要素引起建筑师的广泛关注。本文选取本团队在第二届(2018年)、第三届(2022年)中国国际太阳能十项全能竞赛的参赛作品栖居2.0(装配式木结构)、栖居3.0(装配式钢结构)作为研究对象,通过计算其建筑全生命周期碳排放,对比两栋建筑全生命周期碳排放构成的特点,分析两栋建筑的低碳策略及实际效果,从体系优化、材料运用、隐含与运行耦合3个方面提出针对北方寒冷地区的建筑减碳策略。

智慧建筑操作系统研究与应用

数据作为新型生产要素已成为科技驱动产业发展的推力和国家核心竞争力。在建筑业向建设、运维全周期高品质发展的关键期,原有单业务模式应用软件系统的建筑数据碎片化和本地化问题突出,易形成数据孤岛效应,无法实现全生命周期贯通和多业务融合。为此,提出面向数据的智慧建筑操作系统,构建建筑全生命周期数据智能融合技术,建立数据驱动建筑业务应用软件开发的新模式,支撑建筑多样、多态、多变智慧应用,促进智慧建筑发展,服务我国智慧城市和建筑业智能化、数字化转型的重大需求。

法国建筑遗产分类与分级保护规制与启示

法国是全球最早开始对历史建筑进行国家层面立法保护的国家,目前其建筑遗产受到《遗产法典》的保护。总的来说,法国将其建筑保护对象分为了需要严格保护的、建成年代较远且与现代生活联系紧密度相对一般的“列级建筑”,以及从简保护的、主要对其变化做出一定记录且与现代生活联系更为紧密的“登记建筑”与“杰出的当代建筑”。文章对法国三类建筑遗产的认定方法、保护方法进行深入剖析,深入探究了其分类与分级保护机制对我国的启示。

数字化转型背景下的智慧建筑设计探究

从建筑数字化发展要求出发,结合项目实践,探讨智慧建筑设计的理念变化、技术关键和发展趋势,阐述智慧建筑的特征及以数据为核心的设计路径。

节能导向下办公建筑光伏系统研究

我国建筑能耗占全国总能耗的46%,而且占比持续增加。近年来,我国建筑能耗增速虽然放缓,但仍占能耗的主要部分。在能源危机和全球变暖背景下,节能建筑是顺应时代发展的正确选择。为发展节能建筑,提倡使用可再生资源,目前发现太阳能发电是促进建筑节能的有效手段。首先,文章进行概念阐述;其次,通过相关文献,分析建筑与光伏系统结合发展的现状和研究进展;最后,以办公建筑这种高能耗建筑为例,分析光伏系统与建筑的结合方式,使人们了解光伏系统与建筑结合能推动建筑节能,减少碳排放,进而加速实现我国碳中和。

《黑图档•道光朝》所见盛京官地之建造用地管理

盛京官地之建造用地主要用于官房的修建。官房的修建工作已于康熙年间结束,至道光年间多为官房的维修等事宜。《黑图档•道光朝》中存在许多记载官房管理的相关档案,通过梳理,将其划分为人员管理、日常运营管理与纠纷处理三个方面。本文以《黑图档•道光朝》为基础,结合其他相关史料,论述盛京相关部门对盛京官地之建造用地的具体管理事宜及处理流程,以期为学界进一步研究盛京各部管理盛京官房的具体内容提供借鉴与参考。

近零能耗建筑发展简述

随着城镇化的高速发展,建筑业规模不断扩大,建筑能耗在全社会总能耗中的比重也在逐年增加。作为影响环境的一个重要方面,能耗问题历来受到各国的重视。如何降低建筑能耗需求,成为城镇发展过程中不可避免的问题。主要总结了各国在低能耗建筑实践过程中的经验与成果,同时介绍了我国关于低能耗建筑的相关政策标准,讨论了近零能耗建筑在我国发展的难点并提出相关建议,以期推动建筑行业绿色、低碳发展。

建筑电气智能化设计对智能建筑发展的影响研究

文章深入探讨了建筑电气智能化设计对智能建筑发展的多维影响。在当前节能减排、绿色环保的大趋势下,建筑电气智能化设计通过集成先进的信息技术和自动化技术,为绿色建筑、海绵城市和综合管廊等新型城市建设模式提供了有力支持。本研究梳理了建筑电气智能化设计的基本框架,进而详细分析了其在绿色建筑中的应用,包括节能减排、提高环保性和促进可持续发展等方面。同时,电气智能化设计在海绵城市建设中通过优化水资源管理,提升了城市的生态韧性。在综合管廊领域,电气智能化设计则通过智能化监控和管理,显著提高了管廊的运行效率和安全性。

基于超低能耗建筑窗结构设计的研究与应用

为了促进超低能耗建筑保温隔热性能,对建筑外围护结构所使用的铝材、玻璃等材料进行了优化,对门窗的结构设计、拼装加工、安装技术进行创新,提升了建筑整体的密封性能,满足了超低能耗设计要求。以中建八局建筑科技(山东)有限公司办公楼为工程背景,研发设计了103系列被动窗,降低了门窗传热系数,提高了建筑节能效果,从绿色与经济两方面带来巨大价值,可为超低能耗建筑的发展提供有益借鉴。

神经网络驱动的建筑自适应表皮产出性能预测方法

作为应对环境与能源问题的解决办法,耦合动态光伏遮阳与建筑表皮种植的建筑自适应表皮(Adaptive Facade)为城市可持续性提供了新机会,但如何快速准确预测电能与作物产出是设计前期关键问题之一。为解决此问题,以城市居住建筑为例,提出基于机器学习神经网络模型的产出性能预测方法,以替代传统光伏软件模拟与作物产出估算方法。首先建立由实测数据训练并进行差异性激活函数对比择优的机器学习神经网络预测模型,进而搭建交互界面预测平台。结果显示,与基础案例相比,建筑自适应表皮显著提高室内热舒适时间比,降低室内眩光,且满足家庭年用电需求9.3%~10.9%(新加坡)、8.4%~9.8%(海口)以及家庭全年蔬菜需求32%(新加坡)、27.6%(海口),该预测方法展现了预测过程的便捷性与预测结果的可靠性,推动了建筑自适应表皮在可持续城市人居环境建设领域的应用。

传播学视域下高校“微党校”建设探究

基于传播学视角,对新时代高校“微党校”建设进行分析与探讨,从组织层面和个体层面阐释“微党校”在高校党建工作中的价值;从“微党校”之“微”的双重内涵、效能机制及传播逻辑探析“微党校”的作用机理;揭示高校“微党校”的资源投入短缺困境、运行管理困境、配置失衡困境等现实情况,提出助推“微党校”迭代升级,夯实“微党校”运营管理,强化“微党校”技术安全防线,塑造“微党校”教学创新范式等纾解策略,推动高校党建工作高质量发展。

模块化钢结构住宅外墙对建筑能耗的影响研究——以上海地区为例

外围护结构的热工性能直接影响建筑能耗。为寻找有利于夏热冬冷地区模块化钢结构居住建筑的外墙,基于某典型乡村住宅项目,对采用6种外墙的设计建筑和参照建筑进行全年能耗模拟,分析建筑能耗差异。结果显示,保温模卡砌块砌体墙和水泥纤维板轻钢龙骨组合墙对模块化钢结构建筑节能更有利,保温材料及其厚度显著影响节能效果,不同外墙的的参照建筑热工参数不同时无法以围护结构节能率简单反映外墙的节能效果差异,为类似项目的外墙选型提供参考。