在重庆医科大学附属第一医院金山院区进行的心脏磁共振(cardiovascular magnetic resonance,CMR)扫描技术短期进修中,医学影像技术专业的进修生遇到了几个主要问题:不熟悉扫描流程、扫描序列的功能及其参数设置,以及对常见心脏病诊断的...在重庆医科大学附属第一医院金山院区进行的心脏磁共振(cardiovascular magnetic resonance,CMR)扫描技术短期进修中,医学影像技术专业的进修生遇到了几个主要问题:不熟悉扫描流程、扫描序列的功能及其参数设置,以及对常见心脏病诊断的理解不全面,导致无法有效处理扫描过程中的参数冲突。此外,进修生迫切希望能在短时间内掌握扫描技术,以便回归工作岗位时应用所学知识。针对上述问题和需求,笔者提出了一套教学改进措施,包括针对扫描技术规范、扫描序列及其参数特性的详细讲解,解决扫描过程中的参数冲突的策略,以及常见心脏病诊断的关键点。教学中采用了理论与实践相结合的方法,使进修生能在短期内有效掌握CMR扫描技术。通过这种教学方法,进修生不仅在短暂的学习期间基本掌握了CMR扫描技术,回到各自单位后,也能够独立开展相关技术项目,显著提高了进修生的技术掌握度和满意度。展开更多
Objective To investigate the feasibility of magnetic resonance （MR） diffusion weighted imaging （DWI） for evaluation of radiotherapeutic effects on rabbit VX2 tumor model. Methods Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits...Objective To investigate the feasibility of magnetic resonance （MR） diffusion weighted imaging （DWI） for evaluation of radiotherapeutic effects on rabbit VX2 tumor model. Methods Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits received a subcutaneous implantation of VX2 tumor cell suspension 0.5 mL （4× 10^7 ceUs/mL） in their right thighs to set up tumor model. And 2 weeks later they were randomly divided into therapy group （Group T, n = 10） and control group （Group C, n = 6）. Group T received radiotherapy at a single dose of 10 Gy. MR imaging （MRI） scan including short TI inversion recovery echo-planar imaging DWI, T1-weighted imaging （T1WI） and T2-weighted imaging （T2WI） sequences were performed 1 day prior to as well as 1 day, 2 days, 3 days and 7 days after radiotherapy. Group C received only MRI scan at the same time points without any treatment. MRI appearance on T2WI, TlWI, and DWI images was compared and tumor volume was calculated. Apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values of the tumor were evaluated in all cases. HE staining was used for pathological study. Results Necrosis （n = 8） and hemorrhage （n = 2） were seen gradually on T2WI and T1WI images of Group T after time point of day 2 after irradiation. In Group C, no obvious necrosis was found until day 7. There was no significant difference in tumor volume between the two groups before radiotherapy. After radiotherapy, tumors in Group T showed a gradual growth but not as obvious as Group C. There was a significant difference in tumor volume between the two groups from day 2 on （P 〈 0.05）. ADC value changed dramatically fight from the 1st day after radiotherapy in Group T [（0.99 ± 0.15） ×10^-3 mm^2/s for 1 day before radiotherapy, （1.23 ± 0.08） ×10^-3 , （1.45 ± 0.07） ×10^-3 , （1.63 ± 0.06） ×10^-3 , and （2.02 ± 0.18） ×10^-3 mm^2 for day 1, 2, 3, and 7]; and ADC value had no significant changes after radiotherapy in Group C except day 7 [（1.07±0.08） ×10^-3 mm^2 for 1 day before radiotherapy, （1.03 ± 0.04）×10^-3 , （1.05 ± 0.02）×10^-3 , （1.05 ± 0.05） ×10^-3 , and （0.95 ± 0.07） ×10^-3 mm^2 for day 1, 2, 3, and 7]. There was significant difference in ADC value between the two groups for each time point after radiotherapy （P 〈 0.01）. Pathological study showed that the number of viable tumor cells in Group T decreased 1 day after radiotherapy, and the inflammatory cell infiltration was marked and almost all viable tumor cells disappeared by day 7 after radiotherapy. Conclusions DWI is a new promising technique for monitoring radiotherapy outcomes. ADC value may give a prior clue on physiological changes of radiotherapy before routine MRI could tell.展开更多
目的 探讨前列腺影像报告和数据系统(prostate imaging reporting and data system,PI-RADS)的学习曲线。方法 对2022年1—5月在广东省梅州市人民医院放射科轮转的5名住院医师规范化培训(简称“住培”)医师和5名影像实习医生进行PI-RAD...目的 探讨前列腺影像报告和数据系统(prostate imaging reporting and data system,PI-RADS)的学习曲线。方法 对2022年1—5月在广东省梅州市人民医院放射科轮转的5名住院医师规范化培训(简称“住培”)医师和5名影像实习医生进行PI-RADS理论培训,然后进行5次阅片考核。采用重复方差分析比较受训者5次阅片分数的差异性,并绘制学习曲线。结果 实习医生与住培医师5次阅片分数之间的差异均有统计学意义(F=20.750、16.769,P <0.001),其中第1次与第2次、第2次与第3次的阅片分数差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05),而第3次与第4次、第4次与第5次的阅片分数差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。学习曲线显示,实习医生与住培医师在完成30个病例阅片后出现拐点。结论 实习医生与住培医师经过理论培训和完成30个病例阅片后,可基本掌握PI-RADS并趋于稳定。展开更多
近年来,心血管疾病的患病率和死亡率不断升高,已成为重大的公共卫生问题,影像学检查在心血管疾病的诊断、疗效评估及预后判断具有重要作用,MRI检查因无辐射、软组织分辨高、兼有形态学及功能成像特点,已成为心血管疾病的诊疗不可或缺的...近年来,心血管疾病的患病率和死亡率不断升高,已成为重大的公共卫生问题,影像学检查在心血管疾病的诊断、疗效评估及预后判断具有重要作用,MRI检查因无辐射、软组织分辨高、兼有形态学及功能成像特点,已成为心血管疾病的诊疗不可或缺的方法,尤其是原发性心肌病。由于心血管磁共振(cardiac magnetic resonance,CMR)检查技术复杂、难度较大,基层医院(县级医院)影像技师操作困难,同时也影响了临床心血管疾病患者的诊疗效果,所以提升医学生心血管MRI检查技术课程的教学效果就显得愈发重要。文章结合PBL与大型开放式网络课程(massive open online courses,MOOC)方法探讨对心血管磁共振检查的教学效果,以促进该技术的普及应用,为解决基层卫生健康提供重要支撑。展开更多
The documentation of psychological trauma is obviously a challenge to clinicians while they are diving deep into remote events related to their clients or patients.The potential role of psychological trauma in the ear...The documentation of psychological trauma is obviously a challenge to clinicians while they are diving deep into remote events related to their clients or patients.The potential role of psychological trauma in the early developmental stages,and even the existence of adverse childhood experiences,is important to prove,yet it is difficult to do so.A diverse range of methods have been applied,all of which presumably benchmark a big therapeutic step;however,these enthusiastic methods frequently do not last for long.While hypnosis supporters,Freudian and Neo-Freudian disciples can be acute enough to enhance and uncover suppressed memories,modern psychiatry relies mostly on diversely structured interviews.Functional magnetic resonance and its related subtleties might help,but the questions that remain unanswered are numerous and confusing.Connecting early experiences with long-term memory while identifying psychological trauma its importance for the individual’s growth trajectory;thus,it remains an intriguing issue.展开更多
文摘在重庆医科大学附属第一医院金山院区进行的心脏磁共振(cardiovascular magnetic resonance,CMR)扫描技术短期进修中,医学影像技术专业的进修生遇到了几个主要问题:不熟悉扫描流程、扫描序列的功能及其参数设置,以及对常见心脏病诊断的理解不全面,导致无法有效处理扫描过程中的参数冲突。此外,进修生迫切希望能在短时间内掌握扫描技术,以便回归工作岗位时应用所学知识。针对上述问题和需求,笔者提出了一套教学改进措施,包括针对扫描技术规范、扫描序列及其参数特性的详细讲解,解决扫描过程中的参数冲突的策略,以及常见心脏病诊断的关键点。教学中采用了理论与实践相结合的方法,使进修生能在短期内有效掌握CMR扫描技术。通过这种教学方法,进修生不仅在短暂的学习期间基本掌握了CMR扫描技术,回到各自单位后,也能够独立开展相关技术项目,显著提高了进修生的技术掌握度和满意度。
文摘Objective To investigate the feasibility of magnetic resonance （MR） diffusion weighted imaging （DWI） for evaluation of radiotherapeutic effects on rabbit VX2 tumor model. Methods Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits received a subcutaneous implantation of VX2 tumor cell suspension 0.5 mL （4× 10^7 ceUs/mL） in their right thighs to set up tumor model. And 2 weeks later they were randomly divided into therapy group （Group T, n = 10） and control group （Group C, n = 6）. Group T received radiotherapy at a single dose of 10 Gy. MR imaging （MRI） scan including short TI inversion recovery echo-planar imaging DWI, T1-weighted imaging （T1WI） and T2-weighted imaging （T2WI） sequences were performed 1 day prior to as well as 1 day, 2 days, 3 days and 7 days after radiotherapy. Group C received only MRI scan at the same time points without any treatment. MRI appearance on T2WI, TlWI, and DWI images was compared and tumor volume was calculated. Apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values of the tumor were evaluated in all cases. HE staining was used for pathological study. Results Necrosis （n = 8） and hemorrhage （n = 2） were seen gradually on T2WI and T1WI images of Group T after time point of day 2 after irradiation. In Group C, no obvious necrosis was found until day 7. There was no significant difference in tumor volume between the two groups before radiotherapy. After radiotherapy, tumors in Group T showed a gradual growth but not as obvious as Group C. There was a significant difference in tumor volume between the two groups from day 2 on （P 〈 0.05）. ADC value changed dramatically fight from the 1st day after radiotherapy in Group T [（0.99 ± 0.15） ×10^-3 mm^2/s for 1 day before radiotherapy, （1.23 ± 0.08） ×10^-3 , （1.45 ± 0.07） ×10^-3 , （1.63 ± 0.06） ×10^-3 , and （2.02 ± 0.18） ×10^-3 mm^2 for day 1, 2, 3, and 7]; and ADC value had no significant changes after radiotherapy in Group C except day 7 [（1.07±0.08） ×10^-3 mm^2 for 1 day before radiotherapy, （1.03 ± 0.04）×10^-3 , （1.05 ± 0.02）×10^-3 , （1.05 ± 0.05） ×10^-3 , and （0.95 ± 0.07） ×10^-3 mm^2 for day 1, 2, 3, and 7]. There was significant difference in ADC value between the two groups for each time point after radiotherapy （P 〈 0.01）. Pathological study showed that the number of viable tumor cells in Group T decreased 1 day after radiotherapy, and the inflammatory cell infiltration was marked and almost all viable tumor cells disappeared by day 7 after radiotherapy. Conclusions DWI is a new promising technique for monitoring radiotherapy outcomes. ADC value may give a prior clue on physiological changes of radiotherapy before routine MRI could tell.
文摘近年来,心血管疾病的患病率和死亡率不断升高,已成为重大的公共卫生问题,影像学检查在心血管疾病的诊断、疗效评估及预后判断具有重要作用,MRI检查因无辐射、软组织分辨高、兼有形态学及功能成像特点,已成为心血管疾病的诊疗不可或缺的方法,尤其是原发性心肌病。由于心血管磁共振(cardiac magnetic resonance,CMR)检查技术复杂、难度较大,基层医院(县级医院)影像技师操作困难,同时也影响了临床心血管疾病患者的诊疗效果,所以提升医学生心血管MRI检查技术课程的教学效果就显得愈发重要。文章结合PBL与大型开放式网络课程(massive open online courses,MOOC)方法探讨对心血管磁共振检查的教学效果,以促进该技术的普及应用,为解决基层卫生健康提供重要支撑。
文摘The documentation of psychological trauma is obviously a challenge to clinicians while they are diving deep into remote events related to their clients or patients.The potential role of psychological trauma in the early developmental stages,and even the existence of adverse childhood experiences,is important to prove,yet it is difficult to do so.A diverse range of methods have been applied,all of which presumably benchmark a big therapeutic step;however,these enthusiastic methods frequently do not last for long.While hypnosis supporters,Freudian and Neo-Freudian disciples can be acute enough to enhance and uncover suppressed memories,modern psychiatry relies mostly on diversely structured interviews.Functional magnetic resonance and its related subtleties might help,but the questions that remain unanswered are numerous and confusing.Connecting early experiences with long-term memory while identifying psychological trauma its importance for the individual’s growth trajectory;thus,it remains an intriguing issue.
