Characterization of Elastic Modulus of Granular Materials in a New Designed Uniaxial Oedometric System

A simple uniaxial oedometric system is developed to test the elastic modulus of granular materials. The stress- strain relationship is first measured under conditions of uniaxial compression with additional lateral stress and strain, then the elastic modulus of the material is determined by the linear fitting method. It is found that the modulus is positively correlated to the grain size and negatively correlated to the container size. Arching and dragging are revealed to be the mechanism of such correlations by using the digital image correlation method and the pressure film technology based on the statistical method.

New design of triplexer based on metal–insulator–metal plasmonic ring resonators

In this work, we propose a new design of all-optical triplexer based on of metal–insulator–metal（MIM） plasmonic waveguide structures and ring resonators. By adjusting the radii of ring resonators and the gap distance, certain wavelengths can be filtered out and the crosstalk of each channel can also be reduced. The numerical results show that the proposed MIM plasmonic waveguide structure can really function as an optical triplexer with respect to the three wavelengths, that is, 1310, 1490, and 1550 nm, respectively. It can be widely used as the fiber access network element for multiplexer–demultiplexer wavelength selective in fiber-to-the-home communication systems with transmission efficiency higher than 90%. It can also be a potential key component in the applications of the biosensing systems.

Constitutive modeling for mechanical behaviors of geomaterials, newdesigns and techniques in geotechnical engineering

This Special Issue of the Journal of Rock Mechanics and GeotechnicalEngineering （JRMGE） contains 13 papers prepared by internationalexperts on various general topics in geomechanics, rockmechanics and geotechnical engineering. It represents a usefulmix of theoretical developments, testing and practical applications.We present in the following brief details in the papers, alphabeticallyin accordance with the last name of the first author.Barla presents a review of tunneling techniques with emphasison the full-face method combining full-face excavation and facereinforcement by means of fiber-glass elements with a yieldcontrolsupport. This method has been used successfully in difficultgeologic conditions, and for a wide spectrum of ground situations.The validation of the method with respect to the Saint Martin LaPorte access adit along the LyoneTurin Base tunnel experiencingseverely squeezing conditions during excavation is also includedin the paper. The numerical modeling with consideration of therock mass time-dependent behavior showed a satisfactory agreementwith monitoring results.

Responsive Design of Eco-residence in New Countryside

Considering the construction of rural residence as a significant content of constructing the new socialist countryside,problems of present rural housing in energy conservation and comfort level are analyzed.To develop eco-residence in new countryside,improve living conditions of local residents,save energy and reduce carbon emission,responsive capability of natural organisms to climate is introduced into architectural design,and concept of responsive design is analyzed.In view of actual regional and climatic characteristics,it is proposed that responsive design is able to solve many problems of present rural housing,then responsive structures in traditional Chinese dwellings are introduced,such as removable window,latticed wooden ventilation door,courtyard with hinged cover,transom and so on.On this basis,a dwelling unit of row house on suburban plains of Zhengzhou City is taken for a living example of responsive design from the perspectives of flexible corridor and courtyard,controllable natural wind channel,application of plant's responsive characteristics,flexible close building and controllable cavity space,to build comfortable living environments.

The Study on Landscape Factors,Pattern and Design in New Countryside Construction in Mountainous Areas of China

With the vigorous development of China urbanization and increase of people's environmental consciousness,landscape design had received more and more attentions in urban construction and planning.However,the planning for mountainous new countryside construction and landscape design had not been emphasized.Hence,how to make use of natural and cultural landscape factors in mountainous areas to conduct landscape design in new countryside construction was an issue needed to be highlighted.According to the field study of natural villages and residences of Longnan City in Gansu Province,the paper had discussed the composition of mountainous settlements and residences,the composition of mountainous rural landscape factors and landscape planning principles,hoping to provide reference for rural landscape design and new countryside construction.

Application of New West-Sichuan Architectural Characteristics in Tourist Town Design——A Case Study of Conceptual Planning of Chuanzhu Township as a Town of Farming and Sericulture in E' meishan City of China

Evolution history of the new west-Sichuan dwellings was analyzed,and its characteristics were summarized as "properly-arranged layouts,unification with neighboring environment;plain facade,excellent ventilation and sun-shading;free layout of single building,definite axes and orderly changes;application of local materials,showing local cultural characteristics;valuing continuity of local cultures and human relationship".Conceptual planning of Zhuanzhu Township as a town of farming and sericulture in E'meishan City was taken for example to propose the overall planning concepts on the basis of its current conditions.And the planning concepts cover functional division,road system,landscape system and overall image,and aim to integrate regional cultural characteristics into the town planning.

GROWTH OF NEW DESIGNATED CITIES IN CHINA

The opening of the economy has contributed to the rapid urban development in China over the last 17 years from 1979 to 1996. It is worthwhile to note three new development trends of Chinese urban system. The first trend identifies the emergence of mega urbanization regions. The second trend rebuilds a closer tie between the Chinese urban system and the global urban system through the development of the world (global) cities and international cities. The third trend shows the fast polarized development in hinterlands and peripheries around advanced economic regions. However, the research literature on Chinese urbanization in English has shown the scarcity of good databanks and the analysis results are incomplete. Some researchers also always question the quality of the data. Using the most completed and most recent data, this paper reviews the growth of China's new designated cities since 1949. This paper also seeks to examine the various policies and to explore the underlying factors that have affected the growth of China new cities. From the development of China's cities in the past 47 years from 1949 to 1996, it is easy to find that metropolitan cities developed with a relatively high rate compared with smaller ones, but the ratio of number and population to whole country cities remained stable; Chinese urban system development had entered a phase of small cities development; in terms of cities regional distribution, the south and east region is still the central area of urban development.

New CICC Design Versions with High Copper Fraction for HT-7U Tokamak

The peak fields of HT-7U TF/PF coils are designed at 5.8 T and 4.5 T, respectively. The superconducting (SC) NbTi/Cu strands for the coils have a quite low copper fraction (0.58). To increase the ratio of the limiting current Vs. critical current for the cable in conduit conductor (CICC), the first-stage subcable consists of several copper strands twisted around a SC composite one. The copper strand diameter is different from the SC one. Based on Bottura's CICC design approach we take the product of total copper cross-section and wetted perimeter as one of the key design parameters to meet with stability margin requirement. The product reaches 114 cm3 for 15.5 kA TF CICC at operating temperature of 4.2 K and 139 cm3 for 15 kA PF CICC at 3.8 K to obtain stability margins of 280 and 700 mJ/cm3, respectively.

New Trends of Material Design in Indoor Environment

Material is the substance foundation and carrier of indoor environment, and it is the premise and guarantee to realize the excellent indoor environment. It contains physical and sensory properties. In recent years, the material design in indoor environment tends to be more rational, it not only pursues the external performance of material, but also pays more attention to the health and emotional of residents on the basis of scientific and rational use of its properties. This paper based on some scientific methods of literature study, field survey and case study combs the new trends of material design and analyses specific performance and application of materials in development. It is expected that the research can enrich the theory of contemporary material design and provide valuable reference for future material and interior environment design.

Design and Practice of New Teaching Mode of English Economy and Trade Translation Course

The uncertainty of the teaching content and teaching methods of English economy and trade translation course has alwaysbeen the core problem that restricts the development of the course education.This paper proposes the design method and practiceprocess of the new teaching mode of English economy and trade translation course.Firstly,using marketing theory and economicand trade ideas,the content of English economy and trade translation course will be revised to construct a reasonable teaching con-tent system;Then,based on the above teaching content,the constructive theory is used as the guiding ideology to propose the class-room situational teaching mode and the extracurricular situational teaching mode,and complete the overall construction of the newteaching mode of English economy and trade translation course.The practical results show that the new teaching mode has obviousadvantages and has practical promotion value.

Optimizing Designed Variable Speed Control Moment Gyroscopes with Variable Skew Angle

Large torque can be output by the single gimbal control momentum gyroscope (SGCMG) based on the principle of the gyroscopic precession. However, the singularity is a major obstacle to successfully implement the task of the attitude control. The singularity can be avoided by the additional variable flywheel speed of variable speed control moment gyroscopes (VSCMG). Unfortunately, some kind of singularity cannot be effectively avoided. Consequently, the output toque can be only supported by the reaction torque of the flywheel when the singularity is encountered, and the consume power that is determined by the flywheel speed and reaction torque can be greatly increased when the flywheel spin rate over one thousand revolutions per minute. In this paper, the pyramid configuration with variable skew angle of the VSCMG is considered. A new steering law for the VSCMG with variable skew angle is proposed. The singularity that cannot be avoided by the varying flywheel speed can be effectively avoided with assisting of varying the skew angle. Consequently, the requirement of flywheel torque can be reduced. At last, the optimizing VSCMG with variable skew angle can be cast as a multi-objective function with multi-constraints. The particle swarm optimization method is used to solve the optimizing problem. In summary, the VSCMG with variable skew angle can be redesigned with considering of the singularity avoidance and minimizing system power.

The Significance of the Overall Design Department Thoughts of QIAN Xuesen in the New Era

The most distinctive feature of the new era is integration and innovation. With the rapid development of information technology and big data technology, the data era brought by artificial intelligence is coming. The systems engineering theory and methods summarized from engineering practice show more and more its importance and indispensability. The overall design department thoughts founded by scientist QIAN Xuesen is the result of the practice of systematic engineering science theory. The new development of the overall design department will inject intellectual support and technical support into the modernization of the national governance system and capabilities.

Research on a New Coding System for Vibrating Feeder Design

The sUdeway design is the key in the design of the disc vibrating feeder. However, no reliable theoretical guidance has come into existence, which greatly restricted the application of CAD（ Computer-aided design）. In order to feed the application of CAD technology, we must make improvements to the existing coding method. Based on the similarity principle of Group Technology and existing coding system, a new coding method applicable to slide- way design is brought forward. The existing coding system could get optimized by means of analysing and studying the influence imposed by the parts＇ shape and posture features. More detailed information about the parts could be supplied by the new coding system, which makes the design simpler, more convenient and more accurate with the subjoin of the initial and targeted codes.

学科竞赛驱动家具设计类专业学生创新创业能力提升研究

随着新经济建设和“中国制造2025”战略的不断深入,家具行业内部发生了较大的技术变革,在“互联网+”、大数据和智能制造等新技术的影响下,以新工科为特色的家具设计类专业在人才培养模式上需要与时俱进。文章以家具设计类专业学生的创新创业能力为研究内容,分析了高校开展创新创业教育的重要意义和家具设计类专业人才培养的特点,指出了学生参与创新创业活动存在的主要问题。同时,以学科竞赛为载体,提出了家具设计类专业学生创新创业能力提升的策略,以期为家具行业培养高素质的创新创业人才指明方向。

可持续迭代的村镇人居环境设计体系研究

目的为建构可持续建设与有机更新下村镇人居环境设计的基本框架,揭示其在不同发展阶段、地域特征和建设主题下村镇人居样本的应对性设计原则与理论,总结村镇设计在经济、社会、技术影响下的迭代及在地化应变,探讨未来村镇人居环境设计的前沿模式。方法基于可视化文献分析法,对可持续村镇人居环境设计进行系统的脉络梳理,并根据可持续设计的路径推演、要素解析、模式特征进行村镇人居环境设计体系的框架搭建,提出村镇人居环境设计的基本原则与适配化设计技术路线。结果构建了可持续人居建设迭代下的村镇人居环境设计体系,通过解析可持续设计的基本构成要素,分析了村镇人居环境可持续设计的动力机制,揭示了其在需求侧、供给侧和承载侧的基本特征及三者的联动关系,提出了四项村镇人居环境可持续设计的基本原则,并总结出三点分类适配化设计思路。结论以综合设计视角,探讨未来中国村镇转型下的设计思想与技术脉络,根据时代背景、在地特征、未来场景,采取动态应变与适配的原则,提出可持续设计模式、方法与路径,为设计学相关研究者、决策者和执业人员提供理论梳理和实践指导。

向自然学习的设计创新方法研究——数字生物设计路径探索

本研究以向自然学习的视角,受生物皮肤变色机制启发,尝试将其原理应用于新材料的设计和制造中,以此探索设计融合生物学知识的设计创新方法。通过实验研究,成功开发出一种能够模拟生物变色原理的新材料,这种材料具有独特的色彩变化能力,可以随着环境或刺激的变化而呈现出不同的颜色,能够模拟显示三维动态色彩。本研究的意义在于打破了传统色彩设计的局限,总结出数字生物设计的技术路径,为设计学交叉学科研究提供了新的创新方法。

新媒体视域下企业形象设计的色彩创新应用探讨

为了优化企业形象设计在新媒体视域下的效果,针对色彩在企业形象设计中的创新应用进行讨论。首先介绍新媒体下企业形象设计色彩创新必要性,明确色彩对于企业形象的重要作用。其次总结企业形象设计中色彩创新应用的基本方法。最后提出了二维与三维融合的创新设计、色彩仿生的创新设计、红色系与五色观的创新设计、无彩色系的创新设计、色彩情感的创新设计五点建议。发挥新媒体优势,创新色彩与企业形象设计的融合技术,凸显企业形象的同时,以期为今后企业提高竞争力提供助力。

模具设计卓越工程人才“三位一体、四方联动”产教融合培养模式探索与实践

在新时代、新经济和新工科背景下,培养大批能够适应模具产业发展和转型升级的模具设计卓越工程人才,越来越得到教育界与产业界的重视和关注。以产业需求为导向与以产教深度融合作为推进模具设计卓越工程人才培养的基本路径,创建了耦合教育链、人才链和产业链,政府搭建平台,以高校和企业为主导,第三方专业机构辅助的“三位一体、四方联动”校政企协同育人模式。该模式的创新之处是在政府、高校和企业之外,引入了既熟悉工程教育教学规律,又深谙企业生产实践的第三方专业机构,在政府的支持、调控与指导下,对接高校和企业,四方联合打造模具设计卓越工程人才培养协作共同体。该模式突破了传统校企合作的藩篱,解决了产教“联而不动、动而乏力”的问题,有效提升了材料成型和模具设计与制造专业毕业生与社会需求的契合度,促进了学生更加充分与更高质量的就业。