Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)material-based heterostructure devices have been widely studied for high-end electronic applications owing to their heterojunction properties.In this study,we demonstrate graphene(...Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)material-based heterostructure devices have been widely studied for high-end electronic applications owing to their heterojunction properties.In this study,we demonstrate graphene(Gr)-bridge heterostructure devices consisting of laterally series-connected ambipolar semiconductor/Gr-bridge/n-type molybdenum disulfide as a channel material for field-effect transistors(FET).Unlike conventional FET operation,our Gr-bridge devices exhibit nonclassical transfer characteristics(humped transfer curve),thus possessing a negative differential transconductance.These phenomena are interpreted as the operating behavior in two series-connected FETs,and they result from the gate-tunable contact capacity of the Gr-bridge layer.Multi-value logic inverters and frequency tripler circuits are successfully demonstrated using ambipolar semiconductors with narrow-and wide-bandgap materials as more advanced circuit applications based on non-classical transfer characteristics.Thus,we believe that our innovative and straightforward device structure engineering will be a promising technique for future multi-functional circuit applications of 2D nanoelectronics.展开更多
目的探索睾丸蛋白聚糖2(sparc/osteonectin,cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 2,SPOCK2)在泛癌中的预后及免疫治疗反应中的作用。方法基于癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)和临床蛋白质组学肿瘤分析联盟(Clinical...目的探索睾丸蛋白聚糖2(sparc/osteonectin,cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 2,SPOCK2)在泛癌中的预后及免疫治疗反应中的作用。方法基于癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)和临床蛋白质组学肿瘤分析联盟(Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium,CPTAC)数据库检测SPOCK2在肿瘤组织与正常组织中的表达差异,并通过人类蛋白质图谱(Human Protein Atlas,HPA)数据库SPOCK2进行初步验证。关于SPOCK2对患者生存预后的影响采用Kaplan-Meier方法进行分析。采用基因富集工具进一步分析SPOCK2在肿瘤中参与的通路。最后通过桑格数据库研究SPOCK2与免疫细胞及免疫相关基因的关系。结果SPOCK2在14种肿瘤中高表达,在12种肿瘤中低表达,且HPA数据库显示在肝细胞性肝癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤黑色素瘤及卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中SPOCK2高表达,与基因表达水平分析结果一致。生存分析结果表明SPOCK2高表达在多种肿瘤中预示预后良好。富集分析发现SPOCK2参与T细胞和辅助性T细胞的分化和激活过程。此外,与免疫浸润细胞的相关性分析显示SPOCK2水平与多数肿瘤中的B淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞和树突状细胞等免疫细胞浸润呈正相关。SPOCK2的表达水平与免疫调节因子和免疫检查点相关基因存在密切联系。结论SPOCK2在泛癌中是一种免疫相关的生物标志物,具有调节肿瘤免疫微环境的作用,在免疫治疗中具有潜在的价值。展开更多
伴有kazal基序富含半胱氨酸的逆转诱导蛋白(reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motif,RECK)基因是新近发现的基质金属蛋白酶(matrix matalloproteinase,MMP)抑制剂,能在转录后水平抑制多种MMP的表达而抑制肿瘤的侵...伴有kazal基序富含半胱氨酸的逆转诱导蛋白(reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motif,RECK)基因是新近发现的基质金属蛋白酶(matrix matalloproteinase,MMP)抑制剂,能在转录后水平抑制多种MMP的表达而抑制肿瘤的侵袭及转移。RECK与乳腺癌、胰腺癌、骨肉瘤等疾病患者的预后存在正相关关系。文中综述RECK和MMP与各系统肿瘤的关系。展开更多
基金Y.T.L.acknowledges the financial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(No.NRF-2021R1C1C1005235)D.K.H.acknowledges the financial support from the Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Institution Program(No.2E31532).
文摘Two-dimensional van der Waals(2D vdW)material-based heterostructure devices have been widely studied for high-end electronic applications owing to their heterojunction properties.In this study,we demonstrate graphene(Gr)-bridge heterostructure devices consisting of laterally series-connected ambipolar semiconductor/Gr-bridge/n-type molybdenum disulfide as a channel material for field-effect transistors(FET).Unlike conventional FET operation,our Gr-bridge devices exhibit nonclassical transfer characteristics(humped transfer curve),thus possessing a negative differential transconductance.These phenomena are interpreted as the operating behavior in two series-connected FETs,and they result from the gate-tunable contact capacity of the Gr-bridge layer.Multi-value logic inverters and frequency tripler circuits are successfully demonstrated using ambipolar semiconductors with narrow-and wide-bandgap materials as more advanced circuit applications based on non-classical transfer characteristics.Thus,we believe that our innovative and straightforward device structure engineering will be a promising technique for future multi-functional circuit applications of 2D nanoelectronics.
文摘目的探索睾丸蛋白聚糖2(sparc/osteonectin,cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 2,SPOCK2)在泛癌中的预后及免疫治疗反应中的作用。方法基于癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)和临床蛋白质组学肿瘤分析联盟(Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium,CPTAC)数据库检测SPOCK2在肿瘤组织与正常组织中的表达差异,并通过人类蛋白质图谱(Human Protein Atlas,HPA)数据库SPOCK2进行初步验证。关于SPOCK2对患者生存预后的影响采用Kaplan-Meier方法进行分析。采用基因富集工具进一步分析SPOCK2在肿瘤中参与的通路。最后通过桑格数据库研究SPOCK2与免疫细胞及免疫相关基因的关系。结果SPOCK2在14种肿瘤中高表达,在12种肿瘤中低表达,且HPA数据库显示在肝细胞性肝癌、甲状腺癌、皮肤黑色素瘤及卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中SPOCK2高表达,与基因表达水平分析结果一致。生存分析结果表明SPOCK2高表达在多种肿瘤中预示预后良好。富集分析发现SPOCK2参与T细胞和辅助性T细胞的分化和激活过程。此外,与免疫浸润细胞的相关性分析显示SPOCK2水平与多数肿瘤中的B淋巴细胞、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞、CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞和树突状细胞等免疫细胞浸润呈正相关。SPOCK2的表达水平与免疫调节因子和免疫检查点相关基因存在密切联系。结论SPOCK2在泛癌中是一种免疫相关的生物标志物,具有调节肿瘤免疫微环境的作用,在免疫治疗中具有潜在的价值。
文摘伴有kazal基序富含半胱氨酸的逆转诱导蛋白(reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motif,RECK)基因是新近发现的基质金属蛋白酶(matrix matalloproteinase,MMP)抑制剂,能在转录后水平抑制多种MMP的表达而抑制肿瘤的侵袭及转移。RECK与乳腺癌、胰腺癌、骨肉瘤等疾病患者的预后存在正相关关系。文中综述RECK和MMP与各系统肿瘤的关系。
