Purpose:This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of height-adjustable desks in combination with prompts to break up prolonged sitting time during class time and identified social and motivational factors asso...Purpose:This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of height-adjustable desks in combination with prompts to break up prolonged sitting time during class time and identified social and motivational factors associated with breaking up sitting time among adolescents.Teachers’perceptions of strategies were also examined.Methods:Over 17 weeks,1 classroom in a government secondary school in Melbourne,Australia,was equipped with 27 height-adjustable desks and prompts(posters and desk stickers)to break up classroom sitting time.Teachers received professional development in the use of the desks and prompts.One group of adolescents(n=55)had 2-5 lessons/week using the height-adjustable desks in an intervention classroom,and a comparison group matched by year level and subject(n=50)was taught in traditional“seated”classrooms.Adolescents wore an activPAL monitor at baseline(T0),4 weeks(T1),and 17 weeks(T2)and completed a survey at T0 and T2.Six teachers participated in interviews at T2.Effect sizes were calculated(d).Results:Linear mixed models found that,compared to the traditional“seated”classrooms,the adolescents in the intervention classroom had significantly lower sitting time(T1:-9.7 min/lesson,d=-0.96;T2:-6.7 min/lesson,d=-0.70)and time spent in sitting bouts>15 min(T2:-11.2 min/lesson,d=-0.62),and had significantly higher standing time(T1:7.3 min/lesson,d=0.84;T2:5.8 min/lesson,d=0.91),number of breaks from sitting(T1:1.3 breaks/lesson,d=0.49;T2:1.8 breaks/lesson,d=0.67),and stepping time(T1:2.5 min/lesson,d=0.66).Intervention classroom adolescents reported greater habit strength(d=0.58),self-efficacy for breaking up sitting time(d=0.75),and indicated that having a teacher/classmate remind them to stand as helpful(d=0.50).Conclusion:This intervention shows promise for targeting sitting behaviors in the classroom and indicates that incorporating social and motivational strategies may further enhance outcomes.展开更多
The paper is designed to research the translation practice of Divided We Stand from the perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism.Thus,the paper uses the tools of degree of truth-seeking,degree of utility and degre...The paper is designed to research the translation practice of Divided We Stand from the perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism.Thus,the paper uses the tools of degree of truth-seeking,degree of utility and degree of rationality under the macro-guidance of Truth-seeking-Utility-attaining evaluative model of continuum.Specifically from the perspective of intra-translation,extra-translation and non-translation,the paper research and evaluate the translation practice.展开更多
基金This study has received a seed funding from Deakin University’s School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences(2015)BS was supported by funding from a National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC)Centre of Research Excellence(APP1057608)+2 种基金AMCA was supported by a Deakin University Postgraduate Research Scholarship(DUPRS).AT was supported by a National Heart Foundation of Australia Future Leader Fellowship award(Award ID 100046)during this studyDWD is supported by an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship(APP1078360)and by the Victorian Government’s Operational Infrastructure Support ProgramLA is supported by an Alfred Deakin Postdoctoral Research Fellowship.JS was supported by an NHMRC Principal Research Fellowship(APP1026216)during this research.The authors are grateful to the principal,teachers,and adolescents for their participation in this study。
文摘Purpose:This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of height-adjustable desks in combination with prompts to break up prolonged sitting time during class time and identified social and motivational factors associated with breaking up sitting time among adolescents.Teachers’perceptions of strategies were also examined.Methods:Over 17 weeks,1 classroom in a government secondary school in Melbourne,Australia,was equipped with 27 height-adjustable desks and prompts(posters and desk stickers)to break up classroom sitting time.Teachers received professional development in the use of the desks and prompts.One group of adolescents(n=55)had 2-5 lessons/week using the height-adjustable desks in an intervention classroom,and a comparison group matched by year level and subject(n=50)was taught in traditional“seated”classrooms.Adolescents wore an activPAL monitor at baseline(T0),4 weeks(T1),and 17 weeks(T2)and completed a survey at T0 and T2.Six teachers participated in interviews at T2.Effect sizes were calculated(d).Results:Linear mixed models found that,compared to the traditional“seated”classrooms,the adolescents in the intervention classroom had significantly lower sitting time(T1:-9.7 min/lesson,d=-0.96;T2:-6.7 min/lesson,d=-0.70)and time spent in sitting bouts>15 min(T2:-11.2 min/lesson,d=-0.62),and had significantly higher standing time(T1:7.3 min/lesson,d=0.84;T2:5.8 min/lesson,d=0.91),number of breaks from sitting(T1:1.3 breaks/lesson,d=0.49;T2:1.8 breaks/lesson,d=0.67),and stepping time(T1:2.5 min/lesson,d=0.66).Intervention classroom adolescents reported greater habit strength(d=0.58),self-efficacy for breaking up sitting time(d=0.75),and indicated that having a teacher/classmate remind them to stand as helpful(d=0.50).Conclusion:This intervention shows promise for targeting sitting behaviors in the classroom and indicates that incorporating social and motivational strategies may further enhance outcomes.
文摘The paper is designed to research the translation practice of Divided We Stand from the perspective of Translator Behavior Criticism.Thus,the paper uses the tools of degree of truth-seeking,degree of utility and degree of rationality under the macro-guidance of Truth-seeking-Utility-attaining evaluative model of continuum.Specifically from the perspective of intra-translation,extra-translation and non-translation,the paper research and evaluate the translation practice.
