Farmers Are Growing Further and Further from the Land:Land Transfer and the Practice of Three Rights Separation in China

Over the forty years since reform and opening up,China’s rural land system has undergone a drastic transition from the Two Rights Separation to the Three Rights Separation.Any examination of the latter must be grounded in the crucial field of land transfer.Our fieldwork in different areas across China revealed that the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization has driven a drastic increase in the intensive,large-scale transfer of land.As a result,the traditional small-farmer economy is disintegrating,accompanied by a widening distance between farmers and the land.In practice,the Three Rights Separation system exhibits some new characteristics:the growing substantiation of the ownership rights of the village collective,the demutualization of the contracting rights of farm households and the marketization of management rights.At the same time,in practice we have also seen a strengthening of the position of those enjoying ownership rights and management rights and a weakening of the position of those possessing contracting rights.To change the rural land system and accomplish its goal of rural revitalization,China must endeavor to construct a new type of collective market economy.

Research on the Reform of"Separation of Three Rights"for Rural Homesteads in Juancheng County,Shandong Province

In order to realize rural revitalization in an all-round way and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the economy and society,China is committed to deepening the pace of building a new countryside with Chinese characteristics.The reform of the"Separation of Three Rights"of rural homesteads is a key measure,which aims to activate rural resources,enhance the vitality of rural economic development,and then promote the overall process of rural revitalization.This study selects Juancheng County,Heze City,Shandong Province as a typical case.Through an in-depth analysis of the relevant policy orientation of the national homestead reform and the specific practice of local promotion work,it systematically sorts out the registration of homestead rights,transfer of use rights and relevant policy measures adopted in paid use,qualification conversion,policy publicity and system establishment.After in-depth research on the system reform practice of the"Separation of Three Rights"of homesteads in Juancheng County,this paper reveals the main problems existing in the current reform,including the lack of clear policy support for the mechanism of paid use of homesteads,difficulties in the process of identifying qualification rights and challenges,the imperfection of the transfer mechanism of use rights,and the lack or lag of relevant policies.A series of problem-oriented policy suggestions are put forward,including establishing and improving the system of paid use of rural homesteads,improving the income distribution mechanism,promoting the innovation of the mortgage guarantee system for the right to use homesteads,and optimizing the homestead qualification certification procedures.These suggestions aim to provide a useful reference for the Juancheng County Government in promoting the reform of"Separation of Three Rights"of homesteads,and then promote the rational allocation and efficient utilization of rural homestead resources.