Associated Factors to Poor Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensives Followed Up at the Campus University Hospital of Lome (Togo)

Introduction: Hypertension is a real public health issue and its control is very difficult. We aim to determine the frequency of uncontrolled hypertension in hypertensive patients followed up as an outpatient at the campus university hospital of Lome (Togo) and to search for the associated factors. Methodology: The study was cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical, carried out from February (2022) to August 2022 in 260 hypertensive patients aged 22 years old, followed up (on an) as an outpatient for at least 3 months at the Lome University Hospital campus. A univariate then multivariate analysis were conducted in order to highlight the most common factors significantly linked to uncontrolled. Results: The mean age of hypertensives was 56.4 ± 12.7 years, the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.59. Prevalence of uncontrolled blood pressure was 42%. Associated Factors to poor blood pressure control in our study were age > 60 years (OR = 1.6 CI [1.17 - 2.50]), low socio-economic level (OR = 2.2 CI [1.96 - 4.33]), high cardiovascular risk level (OR = 3.1 CI [2.18 - 4.52]), non-adherence to regular blood pressure monitoring (OR = 3.3 CI [2.21 - 5.55]), low compliance to treatment (OR = 4.1 CI [2.33 - 6.76]) and a chronic renal failure (OR = 2.1 CI [1.21 - 3.10]). Conclusion: Nearly half of the hypertensives in our study had poorly controlled blood pressure by antihypertensive treatment medication. The factors of this poor control were age > 60 years, low socio-economic level, high or very high level of cardiovascular risk, low compliance to treatment, and renal failure.

Investigation and Analysis of the Status Quo of Prevention and Control Practices of Catheter-Line Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI) in Guangxi, China

The prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) have become the key content of medical care and have become the core improvement goal of nursing quality control. However, the prevention and control status of CLABSI in hospitals of different grades in Guangxi is not clear. In this study, we aim to investigate central venous catheter (CVC) placement and disinfectant use in second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi. This survey was conducted on the second and third-level hospitals in Guangxi, China from 13th April 2021 to 19th April 2021. The results show that a total of 283 questionnaires were collected, including 206 secondary hospitals and 77 tertiary hospitals. In terms of the CVC, tertiary hospitals were able to place CVC entirely under the guidance of B-ultrasound, which was 24 (31.6%) and secondary hospitals were 26 (20.6%). In secondary hospitals, Most CVC placements were performed in operating rooms 94 (74.6%) and 65 (85.5%) on the third level hospital, but 32.5% of secondary hospitals and 48.7% of tertiary hospitals were selected at the bedside of patients in general wards, and 27.8% of the second-level hospital, 43.4% of third-level hospitals was done in general ward treatment rooms, only 61.9% of secondary hospitals and 64.5% of tertiary hospitals could fully achieve the maximum sterile barrier. In terms of skin disinfectants, only 36.0% of tertiary hospitals and 16.4% of second-level CVC-operators chose > 0.5% chlorhexidine alcohol. In conclusion, the prevention and control of catheter line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in Guangxi are not ideal. The prevention and control department should increase training, implement guidelines and standardize management to reduce the incidence of CLABSI.

Factors Associated with Prolonged Poor Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients Followed in the Department of Internal Medicine at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

Background: Achieving and maintaining glycemic targets are a challenge for health practitioners around the world. We aimed to study the factors associated with prolonged poor diabetes control in the cohort of T2DM patients monitored and treated in the Department of Internal Medicine at the Yalgado OUEDRAOGO Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou in order to optimize therapeutic education in these patients. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study combining retrospective data collection from the last year of patient follow-up and prospective collection of some information. The study included all diabetic patients, aged at least 18 years old, followed and treated in the Department of Internal Medicine at the Yalgado OUEDRAOGO Teaching Hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018 following a systematic random sampling with a sampling step of 10. The variables collected were sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes-related characteristics. To determine the risk factors associated with prolonged poor glycemic control, we performed modeling using logistic regression. All variables associated with prolonged poor glycemic control, in bivariate logistic regression with a p-value less than 0.20 were included in the full model. Later, we used a stepwise descending method to obtain the final model, which was then tested by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The significance threshold was set at 5%. Raw and fitted Odds-Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were presented. Results: 270 patients were included. Prolonged poor control of diabetes mellitus was observed in 73.70%. The mean age was 55.97 years (SD: ±11.52) and the sex ratio was 0.6 in favor of female. The mean time since diabetes mellitus diagnoses was 5.85 years (SD: ±5.15). A monthly gain of 92.62 USD (50.74%) for average diabetes mellitus care expenditures of 55.82 USD (SD: 28.25) was reported. An overweight (55.92%) and hypertension (41.85%) were reported. Diabetes mellitus was complicated in 68.15%. Patients were supported by their families in the management of their diabetes mellitus in 85.19%. In multivariate analysis with bivariate logistic regression, low level of formal education (OR = 8.34, 95% CI [1.97 - 35.22];p < 0.01), family support for diabetes mellitus management (OR = 0.65, 95% CI [0.45 - 0.94];p = 0.02), presence of abdominal obesity (OR = 2.27, 95% CI [1.08 - 4.77];p = 0.03), presence of a history of hospitalization (OR = 7.39, 95% CI [2.97 - 18.39];p < 0.01), poor adherence to antidiabetic treatment (OR = 2.97, 95% CI [1.42 - 6.18];p < 0.01), and the presence of microangiopathy (OR = 5.05, 95% CI [2.36 - 10.81];p < 0.01) were the factors independently associated with prolonged poor control of T2DM, with a ROC curve of 0.88, which reflects a very good sensitivity and specificity of these factors. Conclusion: The imbalance of T2DM is multifactorial. Lifestyle, family environment, and compliance seem to be essential to ensure good glycemic control. Healthcare practitioners should take these elements into account in their daily patient assessment. A predictive score would be a tool to help identify patients at risk of diabetes imbalance and would contribute to improving their management.

Learning-based user association and dynamic resource allocation in multi-connectivity enabled unmanned aerial vehicle networks

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAvs)as aerial base stations to provide communication services for ground users is a flexible and cost-effective paradigm in B5G.Besides,dynamic resource allocation and multi-connectivity can be adopted to further harness the potentials of UAVs in improving communication capacity,in such situations such that the interference among users becomes a pivotal disincentive requiring effective solutions.To this end,we investigate the Joint UAV-User Association,Channel Allocation,and transmission Power Control(J-UACAPC)problem in a multi-connectivity-enabled UAV network with constrained backhaul links,where each UAV can determine the reusable channels and transmission power to serve the selected ground users.The goal was to mitigate co-channel interference while maximizing long-term system utility.The problem was modeled as a cooperative stochastic game with hybrid discrete-continuous action space.A Multi-Agent Hybrid Deep Reinforcement Learning(MAHDRL)algorithm was proposed to address this problem.Extensive simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and showed that it has a higher system utility than the baseline methods.

Control effect of structured skin care plan of integrated Chinese and Western medicine in elderly patients with incontinence-associated dermatitis

Objective:The objective of this study is to explore the clinical effects of structured skin care plan of integrated Chinese and Western medicine in intervening elderly patients with incontinence-associated dermatitis(IAD).Materials and Methods:Totally,66 elderly patients with IAD were randomly divided into the experiment group(32 cases)and control group(34 cases).The control group was given routine nursing care,while the experiment group was given a structured skin care plan.The observational course was 2 weeks.The treatment efficiency and healing time were compared between the two groups.Results:After 2-week intervention,the total effective rate of the experiment group was higher than that of the control group(97.1%vs.78.1%,X^(2)=3.913,P=0.048).The skin assessment tool score of the experiment group was lower than that of the control group(0.56±1.58 vs.1.75±2.46,Z=−−2.401,P=0.016).The healing time of the experiment group was shorter than that of the control group(7.29±4.76 days vs.10.69±6.36 days,Z=−2.280,P=0.026).Conclusion:The structured skin care plan of integrated Chinese and Western medicine showed a good effect in elderly IAD patients,and provided a reference for clinical treatment and care of elderly patients with IAD.

Study and Application of a New Association Polymer System for Profile Control

A new polymer system, referred to simply as the AP-P4 polymer system, aims at solving the problems of high temperature, high salinity and the poor shearing resistance, all of which are encountered by conventional polymers (such as polyacrylamide) used in profile control, profile performance improvement and EOR operations in the Zhongyuan Oilfield, Sinopec. This system has been developed on the basis of the specific molecular structure and the better properties of high temperature resistance, high salinity resistance and strong shearing resistance of the new type of AP-P4 association polymer. Acidity modifying agents and cross-linking agents (MZ-YL, MZ-BE, MZ-XS), compatible with the new polymer system, are selected. Results of performance tests have shown that the new polymer system has excellent thickening, high temperature, high salinity and shearing resistance and anti-dehydrating properties. In 2003, it underwent its first pilot test in 26 wells in China, with remarkable effects in increasing oil production and decreasing water production. The newly developed polymer system and its application technology described in this paper may play a guiding role in polymer profile control operations in the oil reservoirs of high temperature and high salinity.

Cyclical mastalgia: Prevalence and associated determinants in Hamadan City, Iran

Objective: To assess prevalence of cyclical mastalgia and its main determinants in women who attended in health centers of Hamadan City, Iran.Methods: This case–control study was conducted on 400 women(case: cyclical mastalgia, n = 240; control: without cyclical mastalgia, n = 160) who attended family planning clinic for routine follow-up in health centers. The cluster sampling was used.Information was collected by interviewing and using a standardized validated questionnaire. Severity of mastalgia was assessed through using visual analog scaling. Data processing and statistical analysis were performed by using SPSS 19.0.Results: The results revealed that majority of women(60.0%) experienced cyclical mastalgia.Out of these, 22.5% and 37.5% were mild and moderate-to-severe mastalgia, respectively. No association was revealed in experience of depression and anxiety in mastalgia group. In a multivariable logistic regression model, the increasing age, age of marriage, history of abortion and history of premenstrual syndrome were main determinants of mastalgia, while use of oral contraceptive and regular exercise was associated with lower incidence of mastalgia.Conclusions: Most of women with breast discomfort suffered cyclical mastalgia which severity can be determined by advanced age, age of marriage, history of abortion and history of premenstrual syndrome, but inversely by oral contraceptive use and exercise activity.

Kernel-based auto-associative P-type iterative learning control strategy

In order to accelerate the convergence speed of iterative learning control(ILC), taking the P-type learning algorithm as an example, a correction algorithm with kernel-based autoassociative is proposed for the linear system. The learning mechanism of human brain associative memory is introduced to the traditional ILC. The control value of the subsequent time is precorrected with the current time information by association in each iterative learning process. The learning efficiency of the whole system is improved significantly with the proposed algorithm. Through the rigorous analysis, it shows that under this new designed ILC scheme, the uniform convergence of the state tracking error is guaranteed. Numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed associative control scheme and the validity of the conclusion.

CASE-CONTROL ASSOCIATION STUDIES OF THE UBAP1 GENE AND NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA IN SOUTHERN CHINESE

Objective: To identify the relation between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the human novel gene UBAP1, which is located in the region of minimal heterozygosity deletion at 9pl3.2 and down-expressed in NPC. Methods: Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within UBAP1 gene were analysed by sequencing in 105 NPC patients and 183 control subjects which matched to the NPC cases on age, sex and residence. Results: Significant association was found between NPC with one SNP mark (rs1049557), which is located at 3' non-region of UBAP1 gene; the relative risk of this SNP mark is 1.64 (genotype GG) and 1.31 (genotype CG). Conclusion: The result has proved again that UBAP1 gene may play a certain role in the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The SNP mark rs1049557, considering its location, may influence the expression of UBAP1 gene.

全国妇幼保健机构医院感染监测与防控实施现状调查报告

目的 了解全国各级妇幼保健机构医院感染监测和防控措施的实施现状,为优化妇幼保健机构医院感染防控工作提供政策依据。方法 从8个省/自治区的省部级、地市级和区县级妇幼保健机构中分层抽样,设计统一的调查问卷,以“问卷星”的形式开展线上调查。结果 123所妇幼保健机构的数据纳入统计分析。90.24%的妇幼保健机构开展了医院感染综合性监测,开展新生儿监护室医院感染目标性监测、手术部位感染目标性监测、多重耐药菌目标性监测和重症监护病房(非新生儿)医院感染目标性监测的妇幼保健机构比率分别为89.66%、85.96%、80.77%和74.19%,51.22%的妇幼保健机构实现了医院感染病例信息化监测。94.31%的妇幼保健机构开展了手卫生依从性监测工作,90%以上的妇幼保健机构中医院感染高风险部门开展了环境卫生学监测,71.54%的妇幼保健机构由消毒供应中心对复用诊疗器械集中清洗、消毒、灭菌和供应。>90%的妇幼保健机构建立了三级预检分诊制度,86.18%的妇幼保健机构设置了过渡病房。妇幼保健机构对建档孕产妇、高危新生儿、保健人群和长期康复患者等特殊就诊人群普遍采取了建立有效沟通机制、全预约就诊和单独分区就诊的管理模式,但开展互联网复诊的妇幼保健机构比率<50%。结论 妇幼保健机构普遍开展了医院感染综合性监测和目标性监测,信息化监测程度有待提高。手卫生和环境卫生学监测在各级妇幼保健机构中普及程度较高,少数妇幼保健机构复用诊疗器械清洗、消毒、灭菌和供应流程不规范。特殊就诊人群得到有效管理,互联网医疗有待进一步推广。

Involvement of blood mononuclear cells in the infertility, age-associated diseases and cancer treatment

Blood mononuclear cells consist of T cells and monocyte derived cells. Beside immunity, the blood mononuclear cells belong to the complex tissue control system(TCS), where they exhibit morphostatic function by stimulatingproliferation of tissue stem cells followed by cellular differentiation, that is stopped after attaining the proper functional stage, which differs among various tissue types. Therefore, the term immune and morphostatic system(IMS) should be implied. The TCS-mediated morphostasis also consists of vascular pericytes controlled by autonomic innervation, which is regulating the quantity of distinct tissues in vivo. Lack of proper differentiation of tissue cells by TCS causes either tissue underdevelopment, e.g., muscular dystrophy, or degenerative functional failures, e.g., type 1 diabetes and age-associated diseases. With the gradual IMS regression after 35 years of age the gonadal infertility develops, followed by a growing incidence of age-associated diseases and cancers. Without restoring an altered TCS function in a degenerative disease, the implantation of tissue-specific stem cells alone by regenerative medicine can not be successful. Transfused young blood could temporarily restore fertility to enable parenthood. The young blood could also temporarily alleviate aging diseases, and this can be extended by substances inducing IMS regeneration, like the honey bee propolis. The local and/or systemic use of honey bee propolis stopped hair and teeth loss, regressed varicose veins, improved altered hearing, and lowered high blood pressure and sugar levels. Complete regression of stage Ⅳ ovarian cancer with liver metastases after a simple elaborated immunotherapy is also reported.

护理人员导管相关感染防控护理实践知识现况调查

目的:调查护理人员对导管相关感染防控护理实践知识的掌握现况,以期为提高护理人员导管相关感染防控知识水平提供参考。方法 :于2023年7月12日至8月12日,采用自行设计的导管相关感染防控相关知识问卷,通过中华护理学会医院感染管理专业委员会平台向临床护士、护理管理者及专业为护理的感控专职人员发放问卷。结果 :知识问卷11题中回答正确人数比例达到50%的有5题,达到80%的仅有3题。正确率最高的是输液接头消毒方法(97.49%),正确率较低是吸痰前稀释痰液方式(19.80%)、留置尿管的清洁消毒(19.06%)、气管插管患者不要定时气囊放气(15.51%)、拔出尿管前膀胱无需功能锻炼(9.97%)等。不同级别医院、不同工作年限、职称及所在岗位的护理人员比较,回答正确率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 :护理人员导管相关感染防控护理实践知识掌握水平有待提升,需要加强循证能力及相关知识培训。

基于自联想核回归算法的数据驱动电机控制

在电机控制领域,基于模型驱动的控制方法已经广为研究,随着计算机运算能力的提升,给大量数据计算带来了可能性。为进一步提升电机控制性能,研究了一种基于自联想核回归法算法的控制补偿策略,基于运行过程中的大量数据来校正补偿电机控制过程,以提升电机控制性能,平抑运行过程中的波动。通过理论以及仿真分析,该方法能较好完成电机运行控制,加上补偿后的控制策略能减小电流波动以及转矩脉动,有一定的控制补偿效果。此控制算法同样适用于其他电机控制策略的优化过程,有一定的参考价值。

“醒脑开窍”针刺法对老年卒中相关性肺炎发病影响的巢式病例对照研究

[目的]探讨真实环境下“醒脑开窍”针刺法对老年急性脑梗死(ACI)患者卒中相关性肺炎(SAP)发生率的影响。[方法]在ACI队列研究基础上,采用巢式病例对照研究方法,经倾向性匹配评分(PSM)均衡混杂因素,匹配因素包括美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)以及吞咽困难,设置卡钳值为0.01,按照1∶4的比例进行匹配。随后利用Logistic回归分析针灸对老年SAP的发病影响,分析中医证型对SAP的发病影响及针灸对不同证型ACI患者SAP的发病影响。[结果]研究最终选取病例组48例、对照组155例患者进入研究,使用“醒脑开窍”针刺法后老年SAP发病风险降低76%(P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,在60~69、70~79、≥80岁年龄段中,“醒脑开窍”针刺法均是影响SAP发生的显著因素;“醒脑开窍”针刺法可以显著降低阴虚风动证ACI患者SAP的发病率[OR=0.12,95%CI(0.05,0.25),P<0.0001]。此外,无论ACI患者是否发生昏迷[基于格拉斯哥昏迷评分法(GCS)评分定义],“醒脑开窍”针刺法均可以减少SAP的发生。[结论]“醒脑开窍”针刺法可以降低ACI患者SAP的发生率,尤其是对阴虚风动证患者更为明显,预防效果尚需要进一步前瞻性研究加以证实。

流感相关性曲霉菌病患者发病及预后影响因素病例对照研究

目的:探讨流感相关性曲霉菌病(IAA)患者发病及预后的影响因素,以确定流感感染环境中侵袭性曲霉病的特定危险因素。方法:选取2014年1月1日—2019年12月31日肇庆市第一人民医院收治的383例流感患者作为研究对象,根据其是否患IAA分为病例组(26例)和对照组(357例),比较两组患者的一般情况、发病和预后特征。结果:病例组患者年龄大于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=2.404,P<0.05);病例组患者慢性呼吸道疾病、心血管疾病患病率高于对照组患者,病例组有吸烟史的患者高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.093,P<0.05);病例组患者呼吸衰竭、休克、多器官功能障碍综合症(MODS)、并发症发生率高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.019、4.014,P<0.05);病例组患者病毒转阴率、治愈率低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.780、34.774,P<0.05);病例组患者APACHEⅡ评分高于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=6.552,P<0.05)。吸烟史是IAA发生的独立影响因素,有吸烟的患者比没吸烟的患者容易得IAA。IAA预后影响因素分析显示,死亡组患者吸烟史、并发症、呼吸衰竭、急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、心率(HR)、呼吸(R)、降钙素原(PCT)高于生存组患者,淋巴细胞、氧合指数低于生存组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=6.552、3.846、4.624、6.556、7.130、2.521,P<0.05)。结论:吸烟史是IAA发病的独立危险因素,吸烟的流感患者比非吸烟的患者易患IAA。生命体征不稳定、发生并发症、病情危重的IAA患者死亡风险可能更高。

由乐果导致的重度急性有机磷中毒合并脓毒性休克的治疗体会

目的描述1例重度急性有机磷中毒(AOPP)合并复发性呼吸衰竭、中间综合征(IMS)、多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)和脓毒症的诊断、治疗及临床病程。方法云南省第一人民医院内科重症监护病房(MICU)于2021年5月8日收治了1例自服农药乐果AOPP患者,经过29d的治疗痊愈出院。介绍临床诊治过程。结果患者男性,78岁,因自服农药乐果导致AOPP。入院后迅速出现呼吸衰竭,经紧急气管插管接呼吸机辅助呼吸,并进行一系列针对性治疗,包括应用复能剂碘解磷定、阿托品和山若碱,以及抗菌药物、维持水电解质和酸碱平衡等。在治疗过程中,患者病情经历了多次反复,如脓毒症发作、胆碱酯酶(ChE)水平大幅波动、多重耐药菌感染、呼吸衰竭反复出现等情况。最终,经过29d的治疗,患者成功脱离呼吸机,各器官功能恢复正常出院。结论通过对该病例的分析,提示在AOPP救治过程中需密切关注调整药物剂量,防治感染、脓毒性休克和呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的发生,并及时心理评估和干预的重要性。

2016—2021年某妇幼保健院早产儿医院感染影响因素分析

目的 了解早产儿医院感染现状及影响因素,为早产儿医院感染防控提供理论和实践依据。方法 采用回顾性研究方法,对2016年1月—2021年12月某院新生儿病房收治的早产儿进行调查分析,查阅病历,收集早产儿基本信息及住院期间诊疗信息。结果 共纳入早产儿3 559例,其中男1 964例,女1 595例;平均出生体重(2 108.66±631.17)g。发生医院感染109例,发病率3.06%;主要感染类型为下呼吸道感染(44.04%)、血流感染(28.44%)、胃肠道感染(14.68%);检出医院感染相关病原菌38株,其中革兰阴性菌33株(86.84%),革兰阳性菌3株,真菌2株。主要分离病原菌为产气肠杆菌(28.95%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(28.95%)。经单因素、非条件多因素logistic回归分析,羊水污染、出生体重<2 500 g、使用呼吸机、中心静脉插管是早产儿医院感染的独立危险因素(OR值分别为2.424、3.805、3.776、5.412,均P<0.05);剖宫产是早产儿医院感染的保护因素(OR=0.362,P<0.05)。结论 早产儿医院感染风险高,影响因素多,临床应引起重视,积极采取有循证依据的防控措施减少风险因素暴露,保护早产儿健康。

基于智能索引算法的集控设备事故辅助预警方法研究

为了保障电力集控中心设备正常运转,针对信息检索效率较差、电压偏差控制效果较差的问题,研究基于智能索引算法的集控设备事故辅助预警方法。利用R-树索引算法检索集控设备运行数据集内设备事故数据;计算集控设备事故数据状态向量间的相似度,将该相似度组成相似度向量后,利用滑动窗口算法计算集控设备事故辅助预警阈值,当集控设备事故数据状态向量相似度低于该阈值时,则向用户发出设备事故辅助报警。实验结果表明,该方法采集集控设备电压偏差仅为0.05 V左右,可有效采集集控设备运行数据;检索设备事故信息较为迅速和准确。

ICU护士血管导管相关感染预防与控制知识的现状调查

目的调查重症医学科(intensive care unit,ICU)护士血管导管相关感染(vessel catheter associated infection,VCAI)预防与控制知识的现状,为提高ICU护理质量提供改进依据。方法采用便利抽样方法,选取2022年11—12月厦门大学附属第一医院ICU 60名在职护士作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、VCAI预防与控制知识现状调查表和学习情况调查表对其进行调查,并调查2020—2022年ICU的VCAI发生率。结果60名护士VCAI预防与控制知识总得分为10~27分,平均(20.57±3.50)分,平均得分率为76.18%,处于中等水平,各维度知识掌握水平不等。2020年发生1例VCAI,发生率为3.19‰;2021年发生2例VCAI,发生率分别为2.52‰、2.91‰;2022年未发生VCAI。结论ICU护士对VCAI知识掌握程度处于中等水平,应进一步加强对护士相关知识的培训和考核,规范操作流程,提高ICU护理质量。