When normal, Lear can not even distinguish flattery and pat answers from sincerity and true love. While considered as insane, he learns to take care of the wretched and is able to discover the truth in life. The key c...When normal, Lear can not even distinguish flattery and pat answers from sincerity and true love. While considered as insane, he learns to take care of the wretched and is able to discover the truth in life. The key concept of anti-logo-centrism in deconstructive criticism provokes us to reconsider the boundary between madness and reason, and traditional Western philosophical ideas, thus enabling us to appreciate the despised madness in King Lear from the perspective of philosophy.展开更多
The role of madness has been an unexcavated part in studies of Foucault on transgression,especially with literary studies.This paper considers madness as the presence of transgression,and gives an account of madness f...The role of madness has been an unexcavated part in studies of Foucault on transgression,especially with literary studies.This paper considers madness as the presence of transgression,and gives an account of madness from two different perspectives:tragic experience and critical consciousness.Madness as a tragic experience provides Foucault a way of transgressing death which is a limit that cannot be transcended;madness as a critical consciousness helps Foucault conceptualize the relation between reason and madness.The image of madmen in literary works can be recognized as the most typical embodiment of the connection between madness and transgression.Rather than aiming at a detailed explanation of Foucault’s understanding of madness,it attaches vital importance that how madness as a tragic experience and a critical consciousness becomes the presence of transgression.展开更多
Ulysses, the towering mythological figure and the hero of the world＇s most famous epic The Odyssey, put on the pretence of madness to shirk the Trojan War. This is not mentioned in Homer, but in Fabulae by Gaius Juli...Ulysses, the towering mythological figure and the hero of the world＇s most famous epic The Odyssey, put on the pretence of madness to shirk the Trojan War. This is not mentioned in Homer, but in Fabulae by Gaius Julius Hyginus. Similarly, Hamlet put on an ＂antic disposition＂ after the ghost exhorted him to kill King Claudius. In these two cases taken from mythology and literature, and pertaining to the Classical period and the Elizabethan age respectively, intelligent characters put on the pretence of madness, in their battle with society though they are in control of their senses. It is the aim of this paper to examine the dynamics of reason and non-reason when combined and brought so close to one another, that they could be easily confounded, in light of Derrida＇s reading of Descartes＇ formulations about reason. Since the two examined works pertain to the Classical and Elizabethan ages respectively, the paper will shed light on the historical background of madness in these periods to give a broader perspective of reason and madness in these works.展开更多
Images of illness and disease, for example, cholera, consumption, rabies, rheumatism, fevers, alcoholism, hypochondria, hysteria, monomania, and madness, are present in all the seven novels written by the Bronte siste...Images of illness and disease, for example, cholera, consumption, rabies, rheumatism, fevers, alcoholism, hypochondria, hysteria, monomania, and madness, are present in all the seven novels written by the Bronte sisters during the years of 1847-1853. The lack of cures for most of these diseases which often led to death during the respective period seems to account for such literary representations of poor bodily conditions. The purpose of this paper is, however, to go beyond this handy and obvious explanation regarding illness in the BrontE sisters＇ novels and approach aspects such as： Victorian relationships between women and men, the condition of Victorian women in terms of social and domestic status, positions and roles, and rights and education in a patriarchal age. The novels that shall constitute the support for our analysis are The Tenant of Wildfell Hall （2001） by Anne Bronte, Jane Eyre （2001） by CharIotte Bronte, and Wuthering Heights （1985） by Emily Bronte.展开更多
Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a play of love in which Shakespeare depicts a vivid picture of the madness and irrationality in romantic love.Yet Shakespeare entitles this play"a dream"and concl...Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a play of love in which Shakespeare depicts a vivid picture of the madness and irrationality in romantic love.Yet Shakespeare entitles this play"a dream"and concludes the play with a happy ending of marriage for all lovers.Shakespeare thus clearly views romantic love as an inevitable but short episode of life,an adolescent dream that should finally come to an end with the lovers’marriage which signifies their attainment of maturity and brings them back to reason and reality.展开更多
Big-hearted Chinese entrepreneur cherishes the spotlight HE isn’t as widely known as philanthropist heavyweights Bill Gates and Warren Buffett, but Chinese tycoon Chen Guangbiao is no stranger to publicity. Bucking t...Big-hearted Chinese entrepreneur cherishes the spotlight HE isn’t as widely known as philanthropist heavyweights Bill Gates and Warren Buffett, but Chinese tycoon Chen Guangbiao is no stranger to publicity. Bucking the Chinese tradition of remaining low-key when making donations, Chen widely publicizes every展开更多
Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai‘Whangkeumbae'is a sand pear fruit with excellent nutritional quality and taste.However,the industrial development of pear fruit is significantly limited by its short shelf life.Salicylic aci...Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai‘Whangkeumbae'is a sand pear fruit with excellent nutritional quality and taste.However,the industrial development of pear fruit is significantly limited by its short shelf life.Salicylic acid(SA),a well-known phytohormone,can delay fruit senescence and improve shelf life.However,the mechanism by which SA regulates CONSTANS-LIKE genes(COLs)during fruit senescence and the role of COL genes in mediating fruit senescence in sand pear are poorly understood.In this study,22 COL genes were identified in sand pear,including four COLs(Pp COL8,Pp COL9a,Pp COL9b,and Pp COL14)identified via transcriptome analysis and 18 COLs through genome-wide analysis.These COL genes were divided into three subgroups according to the structural domains of the COL protein.Pp COL8,with two B-box motifs and one CCT domain,belonged to the first subgroup.In contrast,the other three Pp COLs,Pp COL9a,Pp COL9b,and Pp COL14,with similar conserved protein domains and gene structures,were assigned to the third subgroup.The four COLs showed different expression patterns in pear tissues and were preferentially expressed at the early stage of fruit development.Moreover,the expression of Pp COL8 was inhibited by exogenous SA treatment,while SA up-regulated the expression of Pp COL9a and Pp COL9b.Interestingly,Pp COL8 interacts with Pp MADS,a MADS-box protein preferentially expressed in fruit,and SA up-regulated its expression.While the production of ethylene and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)were increased in Pp COL8-overexpression sand pear fruit,the antioxidant enzyme(POD and SOD)activity and the expression of Pp POD1 and Pp SOD1 in the sand pear fruits were down-regulated,which showed that Pp COL8 promoted sand pear fruit senescence.In contrast,the corresponding changes were the opposite in Pp MADS-overexpression sand pear fruits,suggesting that Pp MADS delayed sand pear fruit senescence.The co-transformation of Pp COL8 and Pp MADS also delayed sand pear fruit senescence.The results of this study revealed that Pp COL8 can play a key role in pear fruit senescence by interacting with Pp MADS through the SA signaling pathway.展开更多
Background:Colorectal cancer is a major global health concern,exacerbated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and its role in inflammation,with the effects of Mitotic Arrest Deficient 2 Like 2(MAD2L2)in this context...Background:Colorectal cancer is a major global health concern,exacerbated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and its role in inflammation,with the effects of Mitotic Arrest Deficient 2 Like 2(MAD2L2)in this context still unclear.Methods:The colorectal carcinoma cell lines HCT116 and SW620 were exposed to TNF-αfor a period of 24 h to instigate an inflammatory response.Subsequent assessments were conducted to measure the expression of inflammatory cytokines,the activity within the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK)and Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase pathway(PI3K/AKT)signaling cascades.Transcriptome sequencing and subsequent integrative analysis with the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)program database revealed a significant downregulation of the key factor MAD2L2.Enhancement of MAD2L2 expression was facilitated via lentiviral vector-mediated transfection.The influence of this overexpression on TNF-α-prompted inflammation,intracellular signaling pathways,and the migratory and invasive behaviors of the colorectal cancer cells was then scrutinized.Results:TNF-αtreatment significantly increased the expression of Interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)and Interleukin-6(IL-6),activated the MAPK p38 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways,and enhanced cell migration and invasion.A decrease in MAD2L2 expression was observed following TNF-αtreatment.However,overexpression of MAD2L2 reversed the effects of TNF-α,reducing IL-1βand IL-6 levels,attenuating PI3K/AKT pathway activation,and inhibiting cell migration and invasion.Conclusions:Overexpression of MAD2L2 attenuates the pro-inflammatory effects of TNF-α,suggesting that MAD2L2 plays a protective role against TNF-α-induced migration and invasion of colorectal carcinoma cells.Therefore,MAD2L2 holds potential as a therapeutic target in the treatment of colorectal cancer.展开更多
Anew survey has come out that reveals Chinese people are seriously addicted to their phones.Surprised?We didn't think so.Reports have surfaced in recent years showing a disturbing trend in how much peo・pie use the...Anew survey has come out that reveals Chinese people are seriously addicted to their phones.Surprised?We didn't think so.Reports have surfaced in recent years showing a disturbing trend in how much peo・pie use their phones on a daily basis,and it doesn't seem to be improving anytime soon.China Youth Dailys survey center wenjuan.展开更多
文摘When normal, Lear can not even distinguish flattery and pat answers from sincerity and true love. While considered as insane, he learns to take care of the wretched and is able to discover the truth in life. The key concept of anti-logo-centrism in deconstructive criticism provokes us to reconsider the boundary between madness and reason, and traditional Western philosophical ideas, thus enabling us to appreciate the despised madness in King Lear from the perspective of philosophy.
文摘The role of madness has been an unexcavated part in studies of Foucault on transgression,especially with literary studies.This paper considers madness as the presence of transgression,and gives an account of madness from two different perspectives:tragic experience and critical consciousness.Madness as a tragic experience provides Foucault a way of transgressing death which is a limit that cannot be transcended;madness as a critical consciousness helps Foucault conceptualize the relation between reason and madness.The image of madmen in literary works can be recognized as the most typical embodiment of the connection between madness and transgression.Rather than aiming at a detailed explanation of Foucault’s understanding of madness,it attaches vital importance that how madness as a tragic experience and a critical consciousness becomes the presence of transgression.
文摘Ulysses, the towering mythological figure and the hero of the world＇s most famous epic The Odyssey, put on the pretence of madness to shirk the Trojan War. This is not mentioned in Homer, but in Fabulae by Gaius Julius Hyginus. Similarly, Hamlet put on an ＂antic disposition＂ after the ghost exhorted him to kill King Claudius. In these two cases taken from mythology and literature, and pertaining to the Classical period and the Elizabethan age respectively, intelligent characters put on the pretence of madness, in their battle with society though they are in control of their senses. It is the aim of this paper to examine the dynamics of reason and non-reason when combined and brought so close to one another, that they could be easily confounded, in light of Derrida＇s reading of Descartes＇ formulations about reason. Since the two examined works pertain to the Classical and Elizabethan ages respectively, the paper will shed light on the historical background of madness in these periods to give a broader perspective of reason and madness in these works.
文摘Images of illness and disease, for example, cholera, consumption, rabies, rheumatism, fevers, alcoholism, hypochondria, hysteria, monomania, and madness, are present in all the seven novels written by the Bronte sisters during the years of 1847-1853. The lack of cures for most of these diseases which often led to death during the respective period seems to account for such literary representations of poor bodily conditions. The purpose of this paper is, however, to go beyond this handy and obvious explanation regarding illness in the BrontE sisters＇ novels and approach aspects such as： Victorian relationships between women and men, the condition of Victorian women in terms of social and domestic status, positions and roles, and rights and education in a patriarchal age. The novels that shall constitute the support for our analysis are The Tenant of Wildfell Hall （2001） by Anne Bronte, Jane Eyre （2001） by CharIotte Bronte, and Wuthering Heights （1985） by Emily Bronte.
文摘Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a play of love in which Shakespeare depicts a vivid picture of the madness and irrationality in romantic love.Yet Shakespeare entitles this play"a dream"and concludes the play with a happy ending of marriage for all lovers.Shakespeare thus clearly views romantic love as an inevitable but short episode of life,an adolescent dream that should finally come to an end with the lovers’marriage which signifies their attainment of maturity and brings them back to reason and reality.
文摘Big-hearted Chinese entrepreneur cherishes the spotlight HE isn’t as widely known as philanthropist heavyweights Bill Gates and Warren Buffett, but Chinese tycoon Chen Guangbiao is no stranger to publicity. Bucking the Chinese tradition of remaining low-key when making donations, Chen widely publicizes every
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272654)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province China(C2023204016)+2 种基金the Hebei Province Introduced Overseas-Scholar Fund China(C20220361)the S&T Program of Hebei China(20326330D)the Hebei Province Outstanding Youth Fund China(2016,2019)。
文摘Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai‘Whangkeumbae'is a sand pear fruit with excellent nutritional quality and taste.However,the industrial development of pear fruit is significantly limited by its short shelf life.Salicylic acid(SA),a well-known phytohormone,can delay fruit senescence and improve shelf life.However,the mechanism by which SA regulates CONSTANS-LIKE genes(COLs)during fruit senescence and the role of COL genes in mediating fruit senescence in sand pear are poorly understood.In this study,22 COL genes were identified in sand pear,including four COLs(Pp COL8,Pp COL9a,Pp COL9b,and Pp COL14)identified via transcriptome analysis and 18 COLs through genome-wide analysis.These COL genes were divided into three subgroups according to the structural domains of the COL protein.Pp COL8,with two B-box motifs and one CCT domain,belonged to the first subgroup.In contrast,the other three Pp COLs,Pp COL9a,Pp COL9b,and Pp COL14,with similar conserved protein domains and gene structures,were assigned to the third subgroup.The four COLs showed different expression patterns in pear tissues and were preferentially expressed at the early stage of fruit development.Moreover,the expression of Pp COL8 was inhibited by exogenous SA treatment,while SA up-regulated the expression of Pp COL9a and Pp COL9b.Interestingly,Pp COL8 interacts with Pp MADS,a MADS-box protein preferentially expressed in fruit,and SA up-regulated its expression.While the production of ethylene and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)were increased in Pp COL8-overexpression sand pear fruit,the antioxidant enzyme(POD and SOD)activity and the expression of Pp POD1 and Pp SOD1 in the sand pear fruits were down-regulated,which showed that Pp COL8 promoted sand pear fruit senescence.In contrast,the corresponding changes were the opposite in Pp MADS-overexpression sand pear fruits,suggesting that Pp MADS delayed sand pear fruit senescence.The co-transformation of Pp COL8 and Pp MADS also delayed sand pear fruit senescence.The results of this study revealed that Pp COL8 can play a key role in pear fruit senescence by interacting with Pp MADS through the SA signaling pathway.
基金supported by the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region key research and development programs(Grant No.2021BEG03084)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31660336).
文摘Background:Colorectal cancer is a major global health concern,exacerbated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and its role in inflammation,with the effects of Mitotic Arrest Deficient 2 Like 2(MAD2L2)in this context still unclear.Methods:The colorectal carcinoma cell lines HCT116 and SW620 were exposed to TNF-αfor a period of 24 h to instigate an inflammatory response.Subsequent assessments were conducted to measure the expression of inflammatory cytokines,the activity within the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK)and Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase pathway(PI3K/AKT)signaling cascades.Transcriptome sequencing and subsequent integrative analysis with the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)program database revealed a significant downregulation of the key factor MAD2L2.Enhancement of MAD2L2 expression was facilitated via lentiviral vector-mediated transfection.The influence of this overexpression on TNF-α-prompted inflammation,intracellular signaling pathways,and the migratory and invasive behaviors of the colorectal cancer cells was then scrutinized.Results:TNF-αtreatment significantly increased the expression of Interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)and Interleukin-6(IL-6),activated the MAPK p38 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways,and enhanced cell migration and invasion.A decrease in MAD2L2 expression was observed following TNF-αtreatment.However,overexpression of MAD2L2 reversed the effects of TNF-α,reducing IL-1βand IL-6 levels,attenuating PI3K/AKT pathway activation,and inhibiting cell migration and invasion.Conclusions:Overexpression of MAD2L2 attenuates the pro-inflammatory effects of TNF-α,suggesting that MAD2L2 plays a protective role against TNF-α-induced migration and invasion of colorectal carcinoma cells.Therefore,MAD2L2 holds potential as a therapeutic target in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
文摘Anew survey has come out that reveals Chinese people are seriously addicted to their phones.Surprised?We didn't think so.Reports have surfaced in recent years showing a disturbing trend in how much peo・pie use their phones on a daily basis,and it doesn't seem to be improving anytime soon.China Youth Dailys survey center wenjuan.
