A Practical Study of Knowledge Mapping Empowering the Construction of Engineering Costing Software Application Courses in Undergraduate Colleges and Universities

Relying on the talent cultivation program of Chongqing Institute of Engineering,this paper combines the characteristics of the Engineering Costing Software Application course with its current status quo,analyzes the existing problems and teaching pain points,and introduces knowledge mapping.The course construction is carried out in terms of the combing of knowledge points,the optimization of the course structure,the innovation of the teaching method,and the evaluation and feedback of the teaching in order to improve the systematicity and structural nature of the teaching content,enhance students’learning experience,and enhance their learning effect.It is conducive to the formation of students’knowledge systems and provides a basis for discussion and reference for improving the quality of teaching and cultivating application-oriented talents who meet the market demand.

Construction Method for Performance Management Curriculum Content System Based on Knowledge Graph

Performance Management is the core course of human resource management major,but its knowledge points lack multi-dimensional correlations.There are problems such as scattered content and unclear system,and it is urgent to reconstruct the content system of the course.Knowledge graph technology can integrate massive and scattered information into an organic structure through semantic correlation and reasoning.The application of knowledge graph to education and teaching can promote scientific and personalized teaching evaluation and better realize individualized teaching.This paper systematically combs the knowledge points of Performance Management course and forms a comprehensive knowledge graph.The knowledge point is associated with specific questions to form the problem map of the course,and then the knowledge point is further associated with the ability target to form the ability map of the course.Then,the knowledge point is associated with teaching materials,question bank and expansion resources to form a systematic teaching database,thereby giving the method of building the content system of Performance Management course based on the knowledge map.This research can be further extended to other core management courses to realize the deep integration of knowledge graph and teaching.

Reasoning about Epistemic Actions and Knowledge in Multi-Agent Systems Using Coq

In this paper, the authors outline a formal system for reasoning about agents＇ knowledge in knowledge games-a special type of multi-agent system. Knowledge games are card games where the agents＇ actions involve an exchange of information with other agents in the game. The authors＇ system is modeled using Coq-a formal proof management system. To the best of the authors＂ knowledge, there are no papers in which knowledge games are considered using a Coq proof assistant. The authors use the dynamic logic of common knowledge, where they particularly focus on the epistemic consequences of epistemic actions carried out by agents. The authors observe the changes in the system that result from such actions. Those changes that can occur in such a system that are of interest to the authors take the form of agents＇ knowledge about the state of the system, knowledge about other agents＇ knowledge, higher-order agents＇ knowledge and so on, up to common knowledge. Besides an axiomatic ofepistemic logic, the authors use a known axiomatization of card games that is extended with some new axioms that are required for the authors＇ approach. Due to a deficit in implementations grounded in theory that enable players to compute their knowledge in any state of the game, the authors show how the authors＇ approach can be used for these purposes.

Agglomerative Approach for Identification and Elimination of Web Robots from Web Server Logs to Extract Knowledge about Actual Visitors

In this paper we investigate the effectiveness of ensemble-based learners for web robot session identification from web server logs. We also perform multi fold robot session labeling to improve the performance of learner. We conduct a comparative study for various ensemble methods (Bagging, Boosting, and Voting) with simple classifiers in perspective of classification. We also evaluate the effectiveness of these classifiers (both ensemble and simple) on five different data sets of varying session length. Presently the results of web server log analyzers are not very much reliable because the input log files are highly inflated by sessions of automated web traverse software’s, known as web robots. Presence of web robots access traffic entries in web server log repositories imposes a great challenge to extract any actionable and usable knowledge about browsing behavior of actual visitors. So web robots sessions need accurate and fast detection from web server log repositories to extract knowledge about genuine visitors and to produce correct results of log analyzers.

Traditional agroecological knowledge and practices:The drivers and opportunities for adaptation actions in the northern region of Ghana

Agroecological practices are promoted as a more proactive approach than conventional agriculture to achieving a collective global response to climate change and variability while building robust and resilient agricultural systems to meet food needs and protect the integrity of ecosystems.There is relatively limited evidence on the key traditional agroecological knowledge and practices adopted by smallholder farmers,the factors that influence smallholder farmers’decision to adopt these practices,and the opportunities it presents for building resilient agricultural systems.Using a multi-scale mixed method approach,we conducted key informant interviews(n=12),focus group discussions(n=5),and questionnaire surveys(N=220)to explore the traditional agroecological knowledge and practices,the influencing factors,and the opportunities smallholder farmers presented for achieving resilient agricultural systems.Our findings suggest that smallholder farmers employ a suite of traditional agroecological knowledge and practices to enhance food security,combat climate change,and build resilient agricultural systems.The most important traditional agroecological knowledge and practices in the study area comprise cultivating leguminous crops,mixed crop-livestock systems,and crop rotation,with Relative Importance Index(RII)values of 0.710,0.708,and 0.695,respectively.It is reported that the choice of these practices by smallholder farmers is influenced by their own farming experience,access to market,access to local resources,information,and expertise,and the perceived risk of climate change.Moreover,the results further show that improving household food security and nutrition,improving soil quality,control of pest and disease infestation,and support from NonGovernmental Organizations(NGOs)and local authorities are opportunities for smallholder farmers in adopting traditional agroecological knowledge and practices for achieving resilient agricultural systems.The findings call into question the need for stakeholders and policy-makers at all levels to develop capacity and increase the awareness of traditional agroecological knowledge and practices as mechanisms to ensure resilient agricultural systems for sustainable food security.

Decolonizing Geography and Access to Powerful Disciplinary Knowledge

Article history Received:6 June 2019 Accepted:8 October 2019 Published Online:30 November 2019 This article engages with and aims to advance the debate about Decolonizing geography,examining its approach to knowledge and its implications for the discipline.Decolonizers draw heavily upon social constructivist and historically-rooted notions of knowledge which emphasize its embeddedness in power relations.While shedding light on the social and political conditions under which knowledge is produced is valuable,its context-dependent view of knowledge limits its scope to account for disciplinary knowledge.Taking a particularistic epistemology which conflates knowledge with experience is insufficient to explain the historical evolution of theoretical and disciplinary frameworks.Denying the potential for and even the desirability of context-independent(theoretical)knowledge Decolonizing geography can be read as post-disciplinary and post-universal,potentially denying that geography can offer all students,regardless of their background,access to powerful knowledge and insights.Here,social realism is proposed as an alternative approach to knowledge which accounts for both the social context of knowledge production and its distinctive epistemic qualities.An epistemological framework for geography is examined which demonstrates the relationship between propositional(conceptual),contextual and procedural knowledge,and why all three are essential for the student of geography。

Decision Tree and Naive Bayes Algorithm for Classification and Generation of Actionable Knowledge for Direct Marketing

Many companies like credit card, insurance, bank, retail industry require direct marketing. Data mining can help those institutes to set marketing goal. Data mining techniques have good prospects in their target audiences and improve the likelihood of response. In this work we have investigated two data mining techniques: the Naive Bayes and the C4.5 decision tree algorithms. The goal of this work is to predict whether a client will subscribe a term deposit. We also made comparative study of performance of those two algorithms. Publicly available UCI data is used to train and test the performance of the algorithms. Besides, we extract actionable knowledge from decision tree that focuses to take interesting and important decision in business area.

非编码RNA与间充质干细胞研究的相关计量学分析

背景:非编码RNA作为一类不编码蛋白质的RNA分子,在细胞调控中发挥关键作用。同时,间充质干细胞具有多向分化潜能,对组织修复和再生至关重要。近年来,研究者们对非编码RNA在调控间充质干细胞功能中的作用展开了深入探讨。目的:通过文献计量学分析方法系统地了解非编码RNA与间充质干细胞相关研究的发展趋势与关键领域。方法:从Web of Science核心合集1990年至今的科学引文索引扩展获取非编码RNA与间充质干细胞相关研究的文献数据,运用VOSviewer和Cite Space计量学软件对年份、国家或地区、研究机构、被引文献和关键词进行发文量、聚类、被引频次、突增性和中介中心性进行分析,揭示该研究领域的知识基础及前沿热点。结果与结论:(1)最终纳入5348篇文献,发表在1997-2021年,相关文献呈现明显的增长趋势,尽管在2022年略有减少,其发文量仍保持较高水平,中国在该领域的研究中占据主导地位,其中上海交通大学为最活跃的机构。(2)对被引文献分析发现,高突增性、高中介中心性、高被引的文献主要与微小RNA、细胞外囊泡和骨代谢等内容相关,这些文献构成了非编码RNA与间充质干细胞研究领域的重要知识基础。(3)对关键词进行突增性分析发现,至今保持高突增性的关键词包括外泌体、环状RNA、细胞外囊泡和损伤。(4)对关键词进行聚类演变分析,发文量仍保持增长趋势的关键词聚类包括:肿瘤微环境、骨关节炎、氧化应激和细胞外囊泡,这些关键词反映了目前以及未来该领域的研究热点。(5)文章结果不仅展示了非编码RNA与间充质干细胞研究领域的研究态势,更重要的是有望为研究人员提供潜在的方向和启示。

Is Knowledge Power?

Francis Bacon’s famous quote“knowledge is power,”has long been misunderstood,for his real intention was precisely to make humankind aware of the limitations of knowledge.His concept of potestas(power)is not about conquest,but about action,aiming to clarify the nature of knowledge,to get rid of the empty and shallow contemplation of antiquity,and thus to bring the spirit of the real world back to the earth,as Socrates did.Bacon emphasized the unity of knowledge and action while valuing action over knowledge.Nature in Bacon’s time was no longer sacred and was degraded to a poor substance that revealed its secrets after being tortured by scientific technology.As a result,natural teleology was completely abandoned.Bacon put man in increasing tension with nature,heralding Kant’s argument that human reason prescribed lawfulness to nature.But Bacon,after all,lived in an era not far from antiquity,so he agreed the limitations of knowledge and action and considered technology to be a labyrinth prone to divest one’s identity.Bacon thought that knowledge could be venom that made humankind swell,and the antidote was charity.Bacon’s quote is not so much an encouragement to take from nature as it is a way to learn from nature and to take a practical approach to happiness.

A Knowledge Graph based Software Engineering Curriculum Design Method

New theories,methodologies,and technologies have been continuously invented and widely applied in modern software development,along with many new tools and best practices that are of remarkable significance in the software industry.In Software Engineering(SE)programs of universities,it is quite difficult for their curricula to chase after the fast-evolving technology trend.As a consequence,there have been significant challenges in designing an evolvable SE curriculum.In this paper,we present a knowledge graph based curriculum design method for SE programs.Knowledge Points(KPs)are organized into a multi-layer and multi-dimensionally annotated knowledge graph called SEKG,and five principles are applied to partition the SEKG into a set of inter-related courses.Metrics for evaluating the quality of an SE curriculum are briefly discussed.This method can not only help design a systematic curriculum from existing software engineering KPs but also facilitate curriculum evolution to adapt to technology trends.

Multi-action-based approach for constructing knowledge map

To alleviate the information overload in the product design process,this work proposes a multiaction-based method for constructing knowledge map. Since the relationships of knowledge are implicit in the collected user activities,the method calculates the similarity according to the collected user activities.Three concepts,including knowledge,action and user,are explained first. Based on this,the similarity calculation method is illustrated in detail. The dependencies of actions and relations of the user are considered in the calculation method. Further,the approach of applying the constructed knowledge map to alleviate information overload is proposed. At last,the proposed method is validated by a knowledge search and result comparison experiment.

Investigation into the knowledge base of TEFL teachers in China

The key issues and challenges facing TEFL teachers in China with respect to prospective teacher preparation and professional development are discussed. Drawing upon earlier research on conceptual frameworks, the knowledge base of pre-service teachers is examined through research into the curriculums in TEFL education across diploma, undergraduate and postgraduate levels. A comparative study of the curriculum structures in the education of TEFL teachers reveals a number of key areas of concern： the main hindrance to the development of a stronger knowledge base of pre-service teachers lies in the serious shortage of pedagogical content knowledge, fundamental pedagogical knowledge that are currently available, as well as with the overall inadequacy of practicum hours. It strongly argues for the breadth versus depth in course design and calls for the imperative to reconceptualize the knowledge base of pre-service teachers.

The New Curriculum for the Teaching of English——With Which Dialectical Knowledge in Education Is Raised

The paper ,with a theory of Action Research and especially dialecti cal knowledge,gives a brief analysis and discussion of the New English Standard Syllabus(also called the New Curriculum) and also points out the difference bet ween the New Curriculum and the traditional syllabus of the basic English cours e. It is also theoretically and practically designed with some excellent suggest ions on how to study the New Curriculum and make good use of English teaching.

知识、想象力与深度学习——与吉莉安·贾德森教授关于基兰·伊根的研究的对话

20世纪80、90年代以来,加拿大西蒙菲莎大学基兰•伊根教授带领团队开展了“富有想象力的教育”“深度学习研究项目”等研究,系统地探讨了课程知识、学习、理解、想象与想象力的本质,以及知识理解的本质与类型、知识与想象力的关系,开发了想象力培养的认知工具,提出了在学科教学中培育学生想象力的教学策略。在深度学习研究中,建立了深度学习的知识标准和教学基本准则。2006年以来,针对我国中小学课程实施中存在的问题,我们组建了深度教学研究团队。围绕教学价值观、课程知识观、教学过程观和学习活动观的转变,采取3K研究方式,探讨了指向核心素养的教与学的理念与策略,并开展了国际合作研究。围绕基兰•伊根教授关于知识、想象力与深度学习研究等方面的创新贡献,对话和访谈西蒙菲莎大学吉莉安•贾德森教授,以期为我国深化课程与教学改革,破解核心素养发展的难题提供借鉴。

思政背景下交通大数据技术及应用课程设计探讨

系统分析高校交通大数据技术及应用课程在思政教育过程中存在的问题,提出交通大数据技术及应用课程的理论知识内容和发展方向,给出思政教育与专业知识相融合的教学模式。以数据安全、国家安全、软件国产化、社会大事件和芯片“卡脖子”等为例,激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学生的学习积极性,实现与思政教育的深度融合。

基于“课程思政+知识图谱”的材料专业高质量课程建设探索与实践

该研究基于国家级一流本科课程、全国工程专业硕士学位研究生教育在线课程建设项目,和西北工业大学“课程思政”示范课程建设项目以及知识图谱,面向材料专业学生,针对航空航天用高性能金属材料课程,教学过程中的课程思政进行探索与实践,有望从基于知识图谱的新形态课程内容建设、思政内容的挖掘、教学模式和考核方式等几方面,为探索“课程思政+知识图谱”在高等学校工科类材料专业课程中的实现途径提供理论参考。

阳明心学中的道德知识与道德动机——从“良知发用”的角度看

基于比较哲学视野的分析,王阳明的知行合一论题的解释在传统中包含着三种不同路径的理解,即形而上学论题、知识论论题和元伦理学论题。致良知学说体现了知行合一的三种路径理解的统一,其中道德知识和道德动机的关系是把握知行合一与致良知学说的关键。本文把心学工夫论理解为道德意识的自我展开和实现,通过论证良知发用的功能,阐明阳明心学中包含着近似于内在主义道德动机的混合模型,并由此产生奠基于道德感知和道德情感交互性的美德伦理论述。

中小学教师跨学科素养测评模型的构建研究

新课程改革对跨学科教学提出了更高的要求,教师跨学科素养培养迫在眉睫。研究者对访谈资料进行编码分析,提炼出中小学教师跨学科素养的组成要素,构建了中小学教师跨学科素养测评的模型,并利用该模型测评了6931名中小学教师的跨学科素养水平。结果发现,我国中小学教师跨学科素养整体水平良好,但跨学科知识和跨学科能力两项指标水平较低,教龄、任教学段和是否参加相关培训显著影响教师的跨学科素养水平。基于以上发现,研究认为,提升教师跨学科素养水平需要从强化教师的跨学科意识和内生动力,增加跨学科综合规训,构建多样化教师跨学科共同体等方面发力。

高等教育在地国际化:意涵阐释、全球案例与中国借鉴

高等教育国际化是教育对外开放的鲜明特征,以跨境流动为主的高等教育国际化模式面临危机,学界将更多关注在地国际化模式。在地国际化致力于培养全体学生的跨文化交流能力,提升高等教育机构的国际治理能力,通过增强机构的文化多样性,提供文化敏感的国际化课程,加强国家间的对话与共享。全球主要国家通过国家战略、机构策略、国际课程、学生融合等方面实施在地国际化。我国在地国际化实践进入了新的历史阶段,但仍面对挑战。我国高等教育国际化在“弯道超车”和“变道超车”的过程中,应取人才培养本位,促知识流动、引战略转型;增强“本土留学”服务能力;创建富有中国特色的国际化校园环境,重塑国际化课程模式和实践;实施文化敏感的教学,加强文化引领;以微证书项目促进在地国际化的“流动性”。