Traditional agroecological knowledge and practices:The drivers and opportunities for adaptation actions in the northern region of Ghana

Agroecological practices are promoted as a more proactive approach than conventional agriculture to achieving a collective global response to climate change and variability while building robust and resilient agricultural systems to meet food needs and protect the integrity of ecosystems.There is relatively limited evidence on the key traditional agroecological knowledge and practices adopted by smallholder farmers,the factors that influence smallholder farmers’decision to adopt these practices,and the opportunities it presents for building resilient agricultural systems.Using a multi-scale mixed method approach,we conducted key informant interviews(n=12),focus group discussions(n=5),and questionnaire surveys(N=220)to explore the traditional agroecological knowledge and practices,the influencing factors,and the opportunities smallholder farmers presented for achieving resilient agricultural systems.Our findings suggest that smallholder farmers employ a suite of traditional agroecological knowledge and practices to enhance food security,combat climate change,and build resilient agricultural systems.The most important traditional agroecological knowledge and practices in the study area comprise cultivating leguminous crops,mixed crop-livestock systems,and crop rotation,with Relative Importance Index(RII)values of 0.710,0.708,and 0.695,respectively.It is reported that the choice of these practices by smallholder farmers is influenced by their own farming experience,access to market,access to local resources,information,and expertise,and the perceived risk of climate change.Moreover,the results further show that improving household food security and nutrition,improving soil quality,control of pest and disease infestation,and support from NonGovernmental Organizations(NGOs)and local authorities are opportunities for smallholder farmers in adopting traditional agroecological knowledge and practices for achieving resilient agricultural systems.The findings call into question the need for stakeholders and policy-makers at all levels to develop capacity and increase the awareness of traditional agroecological knowledge and practices as mechanisms to ensure resilient agricultural systems for sustainable food security.

Decision Tree and Naive Bayes Algorithm for Classification and Generation of Actionable Knowledge for Direct Marketing

Many companies like credit card, insurance, bank, retail industry require direct marketing. Data mining can help those institutes to set marketing goal. Data mining techniques have good prospects in their target audiences and improve the likelihood of response. In this work we have investigated two data mining techniques: the Naive Bayes and the C4.5 decision tree algorithms. The goal of this work is to predict whether a client will subscribe a term deposit. We also made comparative study of performance of those two algorithms. Publicly available UCI data is used to train and test the performance of the algorithms. Besides, we extract actionable knowledge from decision tree that focuses to take interesting and important decision in business area.

Agglomerative Approach for Identification and Elimination of Web Robots from Web Server Logs to Extract Knowledge about Actual Visitors

In this paper we investigate the effectiveness of ensemble-based learners for web robot session identification from web server logs. We also perform multi fold robot session labeling to improve the performance of learner. We conduct a comparative study for various ensemble methods (Bagging, Boosting, and Voting) with simple classifiers in perspective of classification. We also evaluate the effectiveness of these classifiers (both ensemble and simple) on five different data sets of varying session length. Presently the results of web server log analyzers are not very much reliable because the input log files are highly inflated by sessions of automated web traverse software’s, known as web robots. Presence of web robots access traffic entries in web server log repositories imposes a great challenge to extract any actionable and usable knowledge about browsing behavior of actual visitors. So web robots sessions need accurate and fast detection from web server log repositories to extract knowledge about genuine visitors and to produce correct results of log analyzers.

Reasoning about Epistemic Actions and Knowledge in Multi-Agent Systems Using Coq

In this paper, the authors outline a formal system for reasoning about agents＇ knowledge in knowledge games-a special type of multi-agent system. Knowledge games are card games where the agents＇ actions involve an exchange of information with other agents in the game. The authors＇ system is modeled using Coq-a formal proof management system. To the best of the authors＂ knowledge, there are no papers in which knowledge games are considered using a Coq proof assistant. The authors use the dynamic logic of common knowledge, where they particularly focus on the epistemic consequences of epistemic actions carried out by agents. The authors observe the changes in the system that result from such actions. Those changes that can occur in such a system that are of interest to the authors take the form of agents＇ knowledge about the state of the system, knowledge about other agents＇ knowledge, higher-order agents＇ knowledge and so on, up to common knowledge. Besides an axiomatic ofepistemic logic, the authors use a known axiomatization of card games that is extended with some new axioms that are required for the authors＇ approach. Due to a deficit in implementations grounded in theory that enable players to compute their knowledge in any state of the game, the authors show how the authors＇ approach can be used for these purposes.

Multi-action-based approach for constructing knowledge map

To alleviate the information overload in the product design process,this work proposes a multiaction-based method for constructing knowledge map. Since the relationships of knowledge are implicit in the collected user activities,the method calculates the similarity according to the collected user activities.Three concepts,including knowledge,action and user,are explained first. Based on this,the similarity calculation method is illustrated in detail. The dependencies of actions and relations of the user are considered in the calculation method. Further,the approach of applying the constructed knowledge map to alleviate information overload is proposed. At last,the proposed method is validated by a knowledge search and result comparison experiment.

A Research About the Current Situation of Insulin Injection Provided by Clinical Nurses Under Kap Model on Linzhi, Tibet

Objective:to investigate the current situation of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses under KAP(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice)model on Linzhi,Tibet,and to discuss and analyse the influence factors.Methods:using a selfdesign questionnaire a questionnaire about the current situation of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses under KAP model on Linzhi,Tibet to investigate 268 clinical nurses in Linzhi,Tibet,who were chosen through random sampling method,in order to analyse the‘KAP’scoring and the influencing factors.Results:The scoring of‘Knowledge’is(65.642±10.313),the scoring of‘Attitude’is(55.478±8.099),the scoring of‘Practice’is(42.493±6.647),the total scoring is(163.612±19.292).The related influence factors,including hospital,department,academic credentials,professional qualifications and whether receiving diabetes specialized training,have statistical significance(P value<0.5).Conclusion:The KAP of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses in Linzhi,Tibet is on middle level.For nursing managers,it is strongly advised that a normative.

一种基于Subject-Action-Object三元组的知识基因提取方法

以专利引证网络为载体,从知识基因稳定性、遗传性以及变异性等基本特征出发,提出一种基于subject-action-object三元组的知识基因提取方法.应用连接度算法分析专利引证关系,挖掘引证专利和被引专利之间继承和发展的知识流,建立知识进化轨迹;利用文本语法分析技术,从专利权利要求书中提取subject-action-object三元组;基于语义词库WordNet进行语义加工,计算语义相似度,合并同义的subject-action-object三元组,绘制知识基因图谱.从美国专利数据库中采集了5 073项1975—1999年授权的数据挖掘领域的相关专利,分析了专利的地区分布情况和年度分布情况.从NBER(National Bureau of Economic Research)的专利数据集中查询得到专利引证关系,利用网络分析软件Pajek构建专利引证网络,作为实验数据样本,对所提出的知识基因提取方法进行验证.实验结果表明:所提取的subject-action-object三元组具备了知识基因稳定性、遗传性和变异性等特征,可以作为知识基因的一种表现形式.

企业协同知识管理工作流模型研究——基于action workflow方法

在借鉴问题解决导向的企业知识管理的过程描述基础上,指出企业协同知识管理过程是以协同知识库为核心的协同问题解决过程,并结合企业协同知识管理的工作流建模要求,论述了action work-flow工作流建模方法的特点,以及action workflow方法在企业协同知识管理中的应用。

非编码RNA与间充质干细胞研究的相关计量学分析

背景:非编码RNA作为一类不编码蛋白质的RNA分子,在细胞调控中发挥关键作用。同时,间充质干细胞具有多向分化潜能,对组织修复和再生至关重要。近年来,研究者们对非编码RNA在调控间充质干细胞功能中的作用展开了深入探讨。目的:通过文献计量学分析方法系统地了解非编码RNA与间充质干细胞相关研究的发展趋势与关键领域。方法:从Web of Science核心合集1990年至今的科学引文索引扩展获取非编码RNA与间充质干细胞相关研究的文献数据,运用VOSviewer和Cite Space计量学软件对年份、国家或地区、研究机构、被引文献和关键词进行发文量、聚类、被引频次、突增性和中介中心性进行分析,揭示该研究领域的知识基础及前沿热点。结果与结论:(1)最终纳入5348篇文献,发表在1997-2021年,相关文献呈现明显的增长趋势,尽管在2022年略有减少,其发文量仍保持较高水平,中国在该领域的研究中占据主导地位,其中上海交通大学为最活跃的机构。(2)对被引文献分析发现,高突增性、高中介中心性、高被引的文献主要与微小RNA、细胞外囊泡和骨代谢等内容相关,这些文献构成了非编码RNA与间充质干细胞研究领域的重要知识基础。(3)对关键词进行突增性分析发现,至今保持高突增性的关键词包括外泌体、环状RNA、细胞外囊泡和损伤。(4)对关键词进行聚类演变分析,发文量仍保持增长趋势的关键词聚类包括:肿瘤微环境、骨关节炎、氧化应激和细胞外囊泡,这些关键词反映了目前以及未来该领域的研究热点。(5)文章结果不仅展示了非编码RNA与间充质干细胞研究领域的研究态势,更重要的是有望为研究人员提供潜在的方向和启示。

基于Kinect和Unity实现多人实时动作捕抓

在三维动画的制作过程中,动作捕抓技术在控制虚拟人物发挥很大的作用,传统动作捕抓技术操作复杂,价格昂贵等弊端导致动作捕抓技术难以被中小型三维动画公司广泛应用。本文通过使用微软公司推出的第三代Kinect系列Azure Kinect DK摄像头,结合Unity的第三方资源包Azure Kinect for Unity3D,在Unity中编写C#脚本调用Azure Kinect Body Tracking SDK和Azure Kinect Sensor SDK开发,便可在Unity平台使用少量C#代码实现多人实时动作捕抓,在三维动画中协助虚拟人物的控制,大大降低动作捕抓技术的难度和使用门槛,提高三维动画制作的效率。

基于Unity的水电站安全操作仿真平台设计

文中基于虚拟现实(VR)技术对水电站安全操作仿真实现进行了研究。在软件层面上,借助Unity在LED-CAVE上完成了水电站虚拟现实平台的搭建,实现了沉浸式环境下的设备学习、设备拆装、水电站虚拟漫游和培训考试等功能。在算法层面上,为了保证仿真环境下设备操作的准确性,对系统中手势的识别跟踪算法进行特殊设计。算法基于检测前跟踪(TBD)的思路,在保留手部完整采集信息的基础上,对数据进行联合处理。算法借助采集的手部数据提取出结构特征、序列特征和空间特征,通过支持向量机(SVM)算法完成手部动作的跟踪识别。为了验证平台的识别准确度,建立了包含12360个视频序列的手势数据集。测试结果表明,系统手部动作识别的平均准确度可达87.2%,而对于抓取、抓放等动作的识别准确度可达95%以上。

Is Knowledge Power?

Francis Bacon’s famous quote“knowledge is power,”has long been misunderstood,for his real intention was precisely to make humankind aware of the limitations of knowledge.His concept of potestas(power)is not about conquest,but about action,aiming to clarify the nature of knowledge,to get rid of the empty and shallow contemplation of antiquity,and thus to bring the spirit of the real world back to the earth,as Socrates did.Bacon emphasized the unity of knowledge and action while valuing action over knowledge.Nature in Bacon’s time was no longer sacred and was degraded to a poor substance that revealed its secrets after being tortured by scientific technology.As a result,natural teleology was completely abandoned.Bacon put man in increasing tension with nature,heralding Kant’s argument that human reason prescribed lawfulness to nature.But Bacon,after all,lived in an era not far from antiquity,so he agreed the limitations of knowledge and action and considered technology to be a labyrinth prone to divest one’s identity.Bacon thought that knowledge could be venom that made humankind swell,and the antidote was charity.Bacon’s quote is not so much an encouragement to take from nature as it is a way to learn from nature and to take a practical approach to happiness.

阳明心学中的道德知识与道德动机——从“良知发用”的角度看

基于比较哲学视野的分析,王阳明的知行合一论题的解释在传统中包含着三种不同路径的理解,即形而上学论题、知识论论题和元伦理学论题。致良知学说体现了知行合一的三种路径理解的统一,其中道德知识和道德动机的关系是把握知行合一与致良知学说的关键。本文把心学工夫论理解为道德意识的自我展开和实现,通过论证良知发用的功能,阐明阳明心学中包含着近似于内在主义道德动机的混合模型,并由此产生奠基于道德感知和道德情感交互性的美德伦理论述。

活动理论视角下游戏化学习中知识转移活动的特征及运行过程研究

[研究目的]将活动理论引入游戏化学习的知识转移活动中,系统性推动游戏化学习中知识转移活动中各要素的高效协作,加快知识转移与共享,促进知识增值和创新。[研究方法]基于活动理论特质和知识特征确定游戏化学习中知识转移特征,并构建知识转移活动模型,以明确各要素的协调交互对知识转移效果的作用,最后以博物馆知识剧本杀为例,验证结论。[研究结论]活动理论能够明确知识转移的运行过程,可以应用于具体活动的显隐性知识转移分析,研究发现活动中的矛盾、游戏内容、技术赋能、共同体的互动和游戏情境对主体的知识转移效果产生显著影响。

基于情感教学理论的高职护理综合实训课程思政的设计与实践

为了切实落实立德树人根本任务,本研究以情感教学理论为依据,以护理综合实训课程思政方案的设计与实施为切入点,遵循情感态度价值观与认知、技能的相互促进规律,充分挖掘课程中蕴含的思政元素后有机融入到专业知识和技能学习中,同时采用线上线下混合式教学模式开展“课前感知体验情境-课中技能素养内化-课后践行知行合一”循序渐进的教学活动,以实现对学生情感价值观的引导、激发与延伸。基于情感教学理论的护理综合实训课程思政方案的实施,有效提升了课程思政的教学效果,有助于学生价值观的内化与践行,可以为医学类专业其他实训类课程思政的探索与创新提供参考。

中国知行统一观的历史演进及其教育学意义

作为中华优秀传统文化和教育思想重要内容之一的知行统一观,经历了一百多年的现代化历程。这一百年多年的现代化过程,主要是传统知行合一观的马克思主义化过程。知行统一观的这一转化,给教育的理论和实践带来了新变化。在新时代,重视个人道德体悟和践履的中国传统知行统一观与毛泽东以来的以社会实践为基础、以社会理想建构为终极目的的马克思主义知行统一观再次结合起来,从历史的角度来看,这正是正反合的辩证发展过程。

文化多样性与统一性关系:面向现代国家的人类学知识生产议题——以博厄斯学派国族研究为中心的讨论

人类学的学术研究自20世纪初期开始从初民社会向现代社会转向,围绕国家建设和国族建设进行知识生产,其中的重要议题就是多民族国家的文化多样性与统一性关系。通过梳理、分析和反思最早有组织地转向现代社会的人类学家群体——博厄斯学派关于多民族国家文化多样性与统一性关系议题研究,运用人类学学科范式调查研究多民族国家内部不同群体之间的文化差异性及其统一性整合,抽绎出影响整合差异性以形成统一性过程的文化与政治、文化与文明的关系等关键性因素,能够为科学揭示中华民族形成和发展的道理、学理和哲理,建构中国民族学自主的知识体系和理论体系,提供比较和参照。

教育家精神引领下“双师型”教师自主发展路径探索——王阳明“知行合一”思想的当代启示

教育家精神是引领职教教师专业发展的崇高精神内核,是职业教育培养大国工匠、高技能人才的关键。“双师型”教师所强调的理论与实践相结合的理念以及“双师型”教师自主专业发展中的“教师主体性”与王阳明的“知行合一”思想具有高度一致性。运用王阳明“知行合一”思想,对当前“双师型”教师自我专业发展中存在的专业信念缺失、主体动力不足、学用知行脱节、反省反思不足、教学智慧缺乏等问题进行归因;在王阳明思想中“为己-克己-成己”的个人成长进路的启示下,探索出“双师型”教师“志业-敬业-乐业”的自我专业发展进路,形成以“立志为先”铸就信念之魂、以“心之本体”激活主体动力、以“知行一体”提升理实结合能力、以“省察克治”践行自我革命精神、以“事上磨练”促进职教智慧生成、以“万物一体”心境引领职教发展,完成教育家型职教教师自我实现的专业发展路径。

“三融合、双驱动”“大学生安全素质教育”通识教育课程教学创新实践

秉持学生中心、德育为先、知行合一的教育理念,聚焦专业知识与通识教育融合、理论教学与课外调研实践融合、思政元素与课程内容融合,借助信息技术驱动教学资源共享更新、多元化考核强化过程管理,构建了“三融合、双驱动”教学模式。从专家团队授课、课程内容设计、信息技术运用等着手,将生命价值、安全责任、国家安全等隐性思政元素和具有一定专业深度的安全素养知识与浅显易懂、贴近生活的实例结合,形成鲜活的教学素材,线上教学平台支撑教学资源共享和强化学习过程管理,激发了学生的自主学习探究意识,使学生在知行合一中感悟安全、践行安全。课程的教学创新实践有效提升了课程教学质量,课程教学得到学生好评。