‘大10’果桑高效栽培模式研究初报

为提高果桑产量,增加效益,筛选出果桑高产高效栽培模式,2年来对‘大10’果桑不同栽植密度和不同剪伐模式进行了探讨。结果表明:‘大10’果桑以每667 m2栽植150株+二级支干整形的产果量最高,每667 m2产果量在2 000 kg以上,且大棚比露地高12.35%;以每667 m2栽植300株+二级支干整形的产叶量最高,产果量次之。如果开展桑果采摘旅游,则以每667 m2栽植150株+二级支干整形为宜,便于游客采摘;如果开展果叶兼用,则以每667 m2栽植300株+二级支干整形为宜。

‘大10’果桑全光照弥雾嫩枝扦插试验

研究了GGR-6对‘大10’果桑全光照弥雾嫩枝扦插的影响。结果表明:GGR-6处理能够显著(P<0.05)提高‘大10’果桑插条生根率,明显缩短生根时间;GGR-6 100 mg.kg-1处理生根效果最好,插条的生根率、平均生根数和平均根长分别较对照增加50.0%、110.6%、68.1%,生根时间缩短10 d。

Clinical significance of heat shock protein 10 in large bowel carcinoma

Objective： To investigate the expression of heat shock protein 10 （HSPIO） during genesis and development of large bowel carcinoma and discuss the clinical significance about its expression. Methods： The expression of HSPIO was observed in specimens from normal colonic mucosa （NC）, colorectal adenomas （CA） and colorectal adenocarcinomas （CAC） by immunohistochemistry EnVisionTM. Its correlations to clinicopathologic features, as well as to postoperative survival time of large bowel carcinoma patients were analyzed. Results： The expression of HSPIO was common in normal colonic mucosa, colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas and more intensive in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas than that in normal colonic mucosa （P 〈 0.001）. The positive expression of HSPIO had no correlation to clinicopathologic features, including age, gender, primary tumor, infiltrating of regional lymph node, metastasis, clinical stage and histopathology of large bowel carcinoma patients, as well as to their postoperative survival time. Conclusion： HSPIO was overexpressed in the early stage of colorectal adenocarcinoma suggesting that it could serve as an index for early diagnosis of large bowl carcinoma. The positive expression of HSPIO had no correlation to clinicopathologic features or postoperative survival time of large bowel carcinoma patients.

Decrease of reactive-oxygen-producing granulocytes and release of IL-10 into the peripheral blood following leukocytapheresis in patients with active ulcerative colitis

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of leukocytapheresis (LCAP) in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC), and to elucidate the mechanisms by determining the changes in the cytokine levels in the peripheral blood and of the functions of the peripheral blood leukocytes in these patients. METHODS: The subjects were 19 patients with active UC, with a mean clinical activity index (CAI) of 9.2. The LCAP was conducted using Cellsorba E. In each session of LCAP, 2-3 L of blood at the flow rate of 30-50 mL/min was processed. The treatment was carried out in approximately 1-h sessions, once a week, for 5-10 wk. Blood samples for determination of the cytokine levels were collected from the inflow side of the column (site of dehematization; at the start of LCAP) and outflow side of the column (at the end of LCAP). Blood samples for the determination of reactive-oxygen-producing cells were collected from the peripheral blood before and after LCAP. RESULTS: LCAP resulted in clinical improvement in all the 19 patients of UC recruited for this study. Remission (CAI: ≤4) was noted in 15 (79%) of the 19 patients. The blood level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was found to be decreased following treatment by LCAP, and the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 at the outflow side of the LCAP column was found to be significantly elevated as compared to that at the inflow side of the column. The reactive-oxygen-producing granulocytes in the peripheral blood of UC patients was increased as compared to that in healthy persons and the increase was found to be decreased following treatment by LCAP. CONCLUSION: LCAP exerted a high therapeutic efficacy in patients with active UC. Our findings suggest that LCAP is associated with enhanced production of the inhibitory cytokine IL-10 to indirectly inhibit the functions of the inflammatory leukocytes, and that inflammation is also considerably attenuated by the direct removal of reactive-oxygen-producing neutrophils from the peripheral blood.

Selective decrease in colonic CD56^+ T and CD161^+ T cells in the inflamed mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis

AIM： To investigate the role of local colonic mucosal NK receptor-positive T （NKR＋ T） cells in the regulation of intestinal inflammation, we analyzed the population and function of these cells in ulcerative colitis （UC）. METHODS： Colonic mucosal tissues were obtained from colonoscopic biopsies of the descending colon from 96 patients with UC （51 endoscopically uninflamed, 45 inflamed） and 18 normal controls. Endoscopic appearance and histologic score at the biopsied site were determined by MaLts＇ classification. A single cell suspension was prepared from each biopsy by collagenase digestion. Two NKR^＋ T cell subsets, CD56^＋ （CD56^＋CD3^＋） T cells and CD161＋ （CD161^＋CD3^＋） T cells, were detected by flow cytometric analysis. Intracellular cytokine analysis for anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 （IL-10） was performed by in vitro stimulation with phorbol-myristateacetate （PMA） and ionomycin. RESULTS： CD56^＋ T cells and CD161^＋ T cells are present in the normal human colon and account for 6.7% and 21.3% of all mononuclear cells, respectively. The populations of both CD56＋ T cells and CD161^＋ T cells were decreased significantly in the inflamed mucosa of UC. In contrast, the frequency of conventional T cells （CD56 CD3^＋ cells and CD161CD3^＋ cells） was similar among the patient and control groups. The populations of NKR^＋ T cells were correlated inversely with the severity of inflammation, which was classified according to the endoscopic and histologic Marts＇ criteria. Interestingly, approximately 4% of mucosal NKR＋ T cells expressing IL-10 were detected by in vitro stimulation with PMA and ionomycin.CONCLUSION： Selective reduction in the population of colonic mucosal NKR＋T cells may contribute to the development of intestinal inflammation in UC.

Effect of Jiaweiwumei decoction on regulatory T cells and interleukin-10 in a rat model of ulcerative colitis

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of a decoction made from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Wumei pill,on regulatory T cells and interleukin-10(IL-10) in a rat model of ulcerative colitis induced by2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS).METHODS:Rat ulcerative colitis was induced with TNBS.All modeled rats were randomly divided into six groups:normal control group;model group;sulfasalazine suppositories treatment group;and high,moderate,and low dosage of Jiaweiwumei decoction groups(12 rats each).Colon injury index was evaluated after 14 days.After peripheral blood lymphocyte separation,CD4 + T cells and CD4+/CD25+ T cell percentage was detected by flow cytometry.The content of IL-10 in serum and intestinal mucosa tissue was detected by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Colon injury indices in the decoction groups were effectively reduced,compared with the model group(P < 0.05).Compared with that of the control group,the CD4+/CD25+ to CD4+ T lymphocyte ratio of the model group was significantly lower,while the decoction treatment improved the CD4 +/CD25 + to CD4 + T lymphocyte ratio(P <0.05).The serum and mucosal IL-10 content of the model group was significantly lower(P < 0.05) than that in the control group,while the decoction group had significantly higher serum and intestinal mucosal IL-10 content than that in the model group(P < 0.05).The regulatory T cell content was negatively correlated with the colonic injury index(r = 0.68,P < 0.05),and positively correlated with the content of serum IL-10(r = 0.87,P < 0.05) and intestinal mucosal IL-10(r= 0.79,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:Jiaweiwumei decoction had significant effects on regulatory T cells and IL-10 in rats with TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis.

Electroacupuncture on serum interleukin level in rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

Objective： To observe the effect of electroacupuncture （EA） on serum interleukin （IL）-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, and to discover the mechanism of EA in preventing and treating cerebral ischemia. 〈br〉 Methods：Male Sprague Dawley （SD） rats were randomized into a sham-operation （SO） group, a model control （MC） group, and an EA group, which were sub-grouped into a 6-hour group and a 24-hour group. In the SO group, rats only received vessel separation with filament placed inside without any treatment. In the MC and EA groups, the focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was induced by using modified Longa method with intraluminal filament. The MC group didn’t receive any treatment;the EA group received EA at Baihui （GV 20） and Dazhui （GV 14） with sparse-dense wave for 30 min. The levels of serum IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were detected by using Elisa test. 〈br〉 Results： Six hours after ischemia-reperfusion injury, the levels of serum IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in the MC group were significantly higher than those in the SO group （P〈0.01, P〈0.05, P〈0.05）;the level of serum IL-8 in the EA group was significantly lower than that in the MC group （P〈0.05）, while there were no significant differences in comparing IL-6 and IL-10 between the EA group and the MC group. Twenty-four hours after ischemia-reperfusion injury, the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-8 in the EA group were significantly lower than those in the MC group （both P〈0.05）, while there were no significant differences in comparing the level of IL-10 among the three groups. 〈br〉 Conclusion：Early intervention by EA can regulate the levels of serum IL-6 and IL-8 in cerebral ischemic injury.