The present work deals with the removal of Ni（II） ion using activated charcoal prepared from the dry leaves of bitter orange tree （Citrus aurantium）. The effects of its concentration, adsorbent dosage, particle si...The present work deals with the removal of Ni（II） ion using activated charcoal prepared from the dry leaves of bitter orange tree （Citrus aurantium）. The effects of its concentration, adsorbent dosage, particle size, pH and temperature on removal of Ni（II） ion have been studied. The removal of Ni（II） ion is higher at lower concentration and gradually decreases as the concentration increases. The pH of 5 was the most suitable. The removal of Ni（II） ion increases with the increases in the adsorbent dosage. The effect of particle size reveals that the percentage removal of Ni（II） ion decreases with increase in particle size of adsorbent. The effect of temperature shows that as temperature increases, the percentage removal of Ni（II） ion decreases and this is due to the interaction forces weakening at high temperature. Thermodynamic parameters from the effect of temperature were calculated.展开更多
A pot experiment was conducted in lath house to study the response of six month-old seedlings of sour orange （Citrus aurantium L.） irrigated with salinity water （1, 2 or 4 ds/m） for four month. The seedling was sp...A pot experiment was conducted in lath house to study the response of six month-old seedlings of sour orange （Citrus aurantium L.） irrigated with salinity water （1, 2 or 4 ds/m） for four month. The seedling was sprayed with putrescine at 0, 150 or 300 mg/L concentrations for three times with month interval, for investigation the effects of putrrescine spraying on hormonal changes in sour orange seedlings under salt stress. One month after the last putrescine application, the leaves of the vegetative shoots were picked for endogenous plant hormone determination. The results indicate that increasing level of irrigation water salinity to 4 ds/m significantly increased ABA, Put and SA; whereas, decreasing IAA and GA in leave. Spraying vegetative canopy with putreseine at 300 mg/L increased 1AA, SA, ABA and Put, while decreased GA. It can be concluded that the adverse effects of high salinity irrigated water on endogenous plant hormone can be ameliorated, to some extent, by exogenous application of Put at 150 mg/L or 300 mg/L concentration.展开更多
Increasing salinity in Mediterranean soils and the wide spread of citrus tristeza virus have challenged the use of sour orange （Citrus aurantium） and have accelerated the process of seeking alternative rootstocks. I...Increasing salinity in Mediterranean soils and the wide spread of citrus tristeza virus have challenged the use of sour orange （Citrus aurantium） and have accelerated the process of seeking alternative rootstocks. In the present study, nine cultivars of citrumelo （Citrus paradisi Macf. x Poncirus trifoliata （L.） Raf.） were evaluated for salt tolerance. Two month-old seedlings were raised under greenhouse conditions and irrigated with a half strength Hoagland solution supplemented with different concentrations of NaCI, i.e., 0 mM, 35 mM and 85 mM. Tolerance was assessed after two months of stress by measuring stem growth, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight organs and leaf water, chlorophyll and chloride contents. A differential behavior was noticed among the seedlings we studied. When using increased concentration of salt in irrigation water, all the parameters were significantly reduced except for leaf chloride content which highly increased in response to stress. At 85 mM, the cultivar SC2 showed a high tolerance resulting in less apparent leaf symptoms, higher growth and higher leaf chlorophyll content when compared to other seedlings. Similarly, the cultivar C4475-C was shown to be a strong root chloride excluder with less than 2.6% DW （dry weight） chloride accumulation at leaf level. By contrast, our results suggest that C4475-A and C4475-B are salt sensitive cultivars regarding to all the parameters studied while the other citrumelos were considered as moderately tolerant.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the vinegar-steaming process of Wuweizi(Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis)using the response surface method(RSM)based on the Box-Behnken design.METHODS:A regression model was constructed with the res...OBJECTIVE:To optimize the vinegar-steaming process of Wuweizi(Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis)using the response surface method(RSM)based on the Box-Behnken design.METHODS:A regression model was constructed with the response variables,the content of Deoxyschizandrin,and the three explanatory factors:length of steaming time,the quantity of vinegar and length of moistening time to evaluate the effects on the processing of Wuweizi(Fructus SchisandraeChinensis).RESULTS:There was a linear relationship between the content of Deoxyschizandrin and the three explanatory factors.When the steaming time was5.49 h,with 2.365 g of vinegar added and a moistening time of 4.13 h,the content of Deoxyschizandrin reached the maximum predicted value of0.1076%,and under the conditions the average content of Deoxyschizandrin was 0.1058%.CONCLUSION:The correlation coefficient of thenonlinear mathematical model was relatively high and the model matched the data well,potentially providing a method for the study of the steaming process.展开更多
文摘The present work deals with the removal of Ni（II） ion using activated charcoal prepared from the dry leaves of bitter orange tree （Citrus aurantium）. The effects of its concentration, adsorbent dosage, particle size, pH and temperature on removal of Ni（II） ion have been studied. The removal of Ni（II） ion is higher at lower concentration and gradually decreases as the concentration increases. The pH of 5 was the most suitable. The removal of Ni（II） ion increases with the increases in the adsorbent dosage. The effect of particle size reveals that the percentage removal of Ni（II） ion decreases with increase in particle size of adsorbent. The effect of temperature shows that as temperature increases, the percentage removal of Ni（II） ion decreases and this is due to the interaction forces weakening at high temperature. Thermodynamic parameters from the effect of temperature were calculated.
文摘A pot experiment was conducted in lath house to study the response of six month-old seedlings of sour orange （Citrus aurantium L.） irrigated with salinity water （1, 2 or 4 ds/m） for four month. The seedling was sprayed with putrescine at 0, 150 or 300 mg/L concentrations for three times with month interval, for investigation the effects of putrrescine spraying on hormonal changes in sour orange seedlings under salt stress. One month after the last putrescine application, the leaves of the vegetative shoots were picked for endogenous plant hormone determination. The results indicate that increasing level of irrigation water salinity to 4 ds/m significantly increased ABA, Put and SA; whereas, decreasing IAA and GA in leave. Spraying vegetative canopy with putreseine at 300 mg/L increased 1AA, SA, ABA and Put, while decreased GA. It can be concluded that the adverse effects of high salinity irrigated water on endogenous plant hormone can be ameliorated, to some extent, by exogenous application of Put at 150 mg/L or 300 mg/L concentration.
文摘Increasing salinity in Mediterranean soils and the wide spread of citrus tristeza virus have challenged the use of sour orange （Citrus aurantium） and have accelerated the process of seeking alternative rootstocks. In the present study, nine cultivars of citrumelo （Citrus paradisi Macf. x Poncirus trifoliata （L.） Raf.） were evaluated for salt tolerance. Two month-old seedlings were raised under greenhouse conditions and irrigated with a half strength Hoagland solution supplemented with different concentrations of NaCI, i.e., 0 mM, 35 mM and 85 mM. Tolerance was assessed after two months of stress by measuring stem growth, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight organs and leaf water, chlorophyll and chloride contents. A differential behavior was noticed among the seedlings we studied. When using increased concentration of salt in irrigation water, all the parameters were significantly reduced except for leaf chloride content which highly increased in response to stress. At 85 mM, the cultivar SC2 showed a high tolerance resulting in less apparent leaf symptoms, higher growth and higher leaf chlorophyll content when compared to other seedlings. Similarly, the cultivar C4475-C was shown to be a strong root chloride excluder with less than 2.6% DW （dry weight） chloride accumulation at leaf level. By contrast, our results suggest that C4475-A and C4475-B are salt sensitive cultivars regarding to all the parameters studied while the other citrumelos were considered as moderately tolerant.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of Health Department of Shaanxi Province(2012D14),China
文摘OBJECTIVE:To optimize the vinegar-steaming process of Wuweizi(Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis)using the response surface method(RSM)based on the Box-Behnken design.METHODS:A regression model was constructed with the response variables,the content of Deoxyschizandrin,and the three explanatory factors:length of steaming time,the quantity of vinegar and length of moistening time to evaluate the effects on the processing of Wuweizi(Fructus SchisandraeChinensis).RESULTS:There was a linear relationship between the content of Deoxyschizandrin and the three explanatory factors.When the steaming time was5.49 h,with 2.365 g of vinegar added and a moistening time of 4.13 h,the content of Deoxyschizandrin reached the maximum predicted value of0.1076%,and under the conditions the average content of Deoxyschizandrin was 0.1058%.CONCLUSION:The correlation coefficient of thenonlinear mathematical model was relatively high and the model matched the data well,potentially providing a method for the study of the steaming process.
