晚实核桃优良新品种‘里香’

‘里香’为晚实核桃新品种 ,果实较大 ,壳薄 ,光滑 ,仁饱满。单果质量 12 9g ,种壳厚1 19mm ,出仁率 5 7 2 7% ,粗脂肪含量 6 8 97% ,生长势健壮 ,丰产优质 ,抗逆性强 。

Chemical Compositions and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil from Thymus Seedlings of Tissue Culture

[Objective] This study aimed to compare and analyze the chemical compositions, the relative contents and the antibacterial activity of the essential oils extracted from the tissue culture seedlings, the aseptic seedlings and the common seedlings from seeds of Thymus vulgaris. [Method] The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation; the chemical compositions and their relative contents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC/MS） and peak area normalization method; and the antimicrobial activity was tested by filter paper method. [Result] A total of 54 compositions were identified from these three samples, they had similar main compositions： thymol, m-Cymene, terpinene and so on, and these compositions were slightly different in contents. In addition, the essential oils from these three samples exhibited obvious antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, in which the antibacterial activity against S. aureus was stronger than against E. coli. [Conclusion] It is possible to produce essential oil by tissue culture technology; the main compositions and antibacterial activity of the oils remained almost the same.

Functional Assessment of Typical Wetlands in Shangri-La

The development and protection of Shangri-La wetlands in southwestern Yunnan Province is of great significance for the protection of regional biodiversity, ecotourism and regional development. To specify the functions of Shangri-La wetlands, with the help of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), 7 typical wetlands in Shangri-La (Bita Lake Wetland, Napa Lake Wetland, Shudu Lake Wetland, Dazhongdian Wetland, Xiaozhongdian Wetland, Dahei Lake Wetland, Jinsha River Wetland) were selected for the quantitative analysis of 20 indexes in 3 comprehensive assessment layers (service functions, protective functions and production functions). The results showed that Shangri-La wetlands followed the below sequence in function: Bita Lake Wetland (0.811 4), Shudu Lake Wetland (0.739 3), Napa Lake Wetland (0.695 3), Dahei Lake Wetland (0.659 5), Jinsha River Wetland (0.614 3), Dazhongdian Wetland (0.520 4) and Xiaozhongdian Wetland (0.505 2). As single indexes of those wetlands were compared, it was found that values of certain indexes varied greatly, and value differences among 5 of 20 indexes even reached more than 100%, among which that of water supply capacity and tourism recreational value (164.60%) remained the highest, then water supplementation capacity (121.17%) and habitat stability (109.05%), and others varied between 5.58%-91.10%. The assessment results were similar to actual conditions, thus such a method was proved scientific and practical.

Gastroprotective activity of Nigella sativa L oil and its constituent, thymoquinone against acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats

AIM: To evaluate the role of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of acute ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions and the effect of Nigella sativa L oil (NS) and its constituent thymoquinone (TQ) in an experimental model.METHODS: Male Wistar albino rats were assigned into 4groups. Control group was given physiologic saline orally (10 mL/kg body weight) as the vehicle (gavage); ethanol group was administrated 1 mL (per rat) absolute alcohol by gavage; the third and fourth groups were given NS (10 mL/kg body weight) and TQ (10 mg/kg body weight p.o) respectively 1 h prior to alcohol intake. One hour after ethanol administration, stomach tissues were excised for macroscopic examination and biochemical analysis.RESULTS: NS and TQ could protect gastric mucosa against the injurious effect of absolute alcohol and promote ulcer healing as evidenced from the ulcer index (UI) values. NS prevented alcohol-induced increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), an index of lipid peroxidation. NS also increased gastric glutathione content (GSH), enzymatic activities of gastric superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Likewise, TQ protected against the ulcerating effect of alcohol and mitigated most of the biochemical adverse effects induced by alcohol in gastric mucosa, but to a lesser extent than NS. Neither NS nor TQ affected catalase activity in gastric tissue.CONCLUSION: Both NS and TQ, particularly NS can partly protect gastric mucosa from acute alcohol-induced mucosal injury, and these gastroprotective effects might be induced, at least partly by their radical scavenging activity.

香格里拉话的格标记“上”——兼论从方位词到格标记的语法化链

云南省香格里拉市汉语方言的方位词"上"具有格标记功能,主要用于标记受事宾语和与事宾语。香格里拉话的格标记"上"与当地藏语中甸方言的格标记go在来源和功能上存在对应关系。在深度的语言接触下,汉语中的方位词"上"和"下"都能进入向格标记演化的语法化链。

Coal petrology and facies of No.6 coal of the Haerwusu Mine, Jungar Coalfield, Inner Mongolia

This paper discussed the petrological characteristics and coal facies of No.6 coal seam from the Haerwusu Mine, Jungar Coalfield, Inner Mongolia by using of coal petrology and geochemistry. No.6 coal facies can be divided into 3 types, arid forest peat swamp （including two subfacies） and reed peat swamp, respectively. From bottom to top, the development of peat swamps present wavy changes, and three coal facies types appear alternately, with obvious thyme. According to the parameters, 11 secondary sequences were identified of the peat swamps of No.6 coal seam. The results indicate that the mire formed in brackish water-fresh water weak regression environment, changed in excess oxygen and poor oxygen, and reflected the characteristics of transition phase.

Hypoxia induces PGC-la expression and mitochondrial biogenesis in the myocardium of TOF patients

PGC-1α, a potent transcriptional coactivator, is the major regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and activity in the cardiac muscle. The dysregulation of PGC-la and its target genes has been reported to be associated with congenital and acquired heart diseases. By examining myocardium samples from patients with Tetralogy of Fallot, we show here that PGC-1α expression levels are markedly increased in patients compared with healthy controls and positively correlated with the severity of cyanosis. Furthermore, hypoxia significantly induced the expression of PGC-1α and mitochondrial biogenesis in cultured cardiac myocytes. Mechanistic studies suggest that hypoxia-induced PGC-1α expression is regulated through the AMPK signaling pathway. Together, our data indicate that hypoxia can stimulate the expression of PGC-1α and mitochondrial biogenesis in the cardiac myocytes, and this process might provide a potential adaptive mechanism for cardiac myocytes to increase ATP output and minimize hypoxic damage to the heart.

Commuting Dual Toeplitz Operators on the Polydisk

We completely characterize commutativity of S and Sψ on La2(Dn)⊥ for bounded pluriharmonic symbols and ψ on Dn, and prove that SSψ = Sψ if and only if is analytic or ψˉ is analytic.

Community participation mode of ecotourism in Tibetan area of Shangri-La County, Yunnan Province

Community participation is one of the focuses of the research on ecotourism. The research on community participative model is of great theoretical and practical significance. Based on the former experts’ studies, this paper analyzes ecotourism demonstration areas in Diqing Shangri-La of Yunnan as a case study. It mainly expounds the relationship between ecotourism and community participation and puts forward such a community participative model of ecotourism in Shangri-La.

The Formation of Precipitation Anomaly Patterns during the Developing and Decaying Phases of ENSO

This study proposes a new explanation for the formation of precipitation anomaly patterns in the boreal summer during the E1 Nifio-Southem Oscillation （ENSO） developing and decaying phases. During the boreal sum- mer June-July-August （JJA） （0） of the E1 Nino （La Nina） developing phase, the upper level （300-100 hPa） positive potential temperature anomalies resemble a Ma- tsuno-Gill-type response to central Pacific heating （cool- ing）, and the lower level （1000-850 hPa） potential tem- perature anomalies are consistent with local SST anoma- lies. During the boreal summer JJA（1） of the E1 Nifio （La Nifia） decaying phase, the upper level potential tempera- ture warms over the entire tropical zone and resembles a Matsuno-Gill-type response to Indian Ocean heating （cooling）, and the lower level potential temperature anomalies follow local SST anomalies. The vertical heterogeneity of potential temperature anomalies influences the atmospheric stability, which in turn influences the precipitation anomaly pattern. The results of numerical experiments confirm our observations.

Mechanism of anti-tumor effect of HIF-1α silencing on cervical cancer in nude mice

Objective： The aim of our study was to observe the anti-tumor effect of silencing the expression of HIF-1α on cervical cancer in nude mice and to explore its mechanism of action. Methods： Human cervical cancer cell line Siha cells were divided into 3 groups： mock control group, control group transfected with scrambled sequence plasmid, and experimental group transfected with pU-HIF-la-shRNA eukaryotic expression plasmid. Cultured cells of the three groups were inoculated in nude mice to establish cervical cancer-bearing nude mice. HIF-la RNAi assay was performed to evaluate the tumor-suppressive effect of HIF-1α silencing on cervical cancer-bearing nude mice. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to observe the distribution and protein expression of HIF-1α and GLUT1, while RT-PCR was adopted to detect the gene expression of HIF-1α, GLUTI and HK I1. The product of glycolysis （tactic acid） and apoptosis in tumor cells were detected by colorimetry and semi-quantitative TUNEL staining, respectively. Results： The tumor growth in experimental group was significantly slower than that in the two control groups （P 〈 0.05）. In the 50th day after transplantation, the tumor weight in the experimental group was （1.90 ± 0.28） g, significantly lower than （2.95 ± 0.77） g in the control group and （2.54 ± 0.56） g in the mock group （P 〈 0.01）. In the experimental group, the gene and protein levels of HIF-1α were 0.45 ± 0.04 and 1.25 ± 0.92, and the levels of GLUT1 were 0.32 ± 0.02 and 1.25 ± 0.48, respectively. Both indicators in HIF-la and GLUT1 were lower than that in the two control groups （P 〈 0.05）. The expression levels of HK Ⅱ gene and lactic acid in the experimental group were lower than that in the two control groups （P 〈 0.05）, but the apoptotic cells were much more numerous in the experimental group than that in matched control groups （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： The 9ene therapy by siRNAtargeted silencing of HIF-1α may down-regulate its downstream genes GLUT1 and HK Ⅱ expression, therefore, to reduce the tumor glycolysis activity and promote tumor cell apoptosis, and exert a tumor-suppressing effect in vivo.

Cultural Literacy and World Literature： A Case Study

How much more can be gained from a piece of World Literature when the reader is semiotically literate in the culture that produced the work？ What are the implications of introducing the element of cultural literacy into the teaching of world literature, and how might culturally contextualizing the narrative enhance the reading experience for those who may not be familiar with the national culture that produced the work？ This paper examines these questions using as a case study The Tale of Genji （n.d.）, a novel from llth century Japan and ＂La Troisi6me Jeunesse de Madame Prune＂ （1905）, a French text set in Japan at the turn of the 20th century. Using examples taken from each writer＇s text, the author will show how a knowledge of both the target culture and the time period in which the work was produced can serve as a critical tool for analyzing the text; the former text shall be used to argue for an integration of a cultural anthropology element into the teaching of world literature, while the latter example shall be used to argue for the importance of contextualizing a text within its historical creation period. In concluding, the author shall examine the ways in which including an element of cultural literacy can lead to a truly interdisciplinary, trans-national, and trans-linguistic understanding of a particular literary text.

Effect of Dietary Thyme （Thymus vulgaris） and Mint （Menthe piperita） on Some Blood Parameters of Broiler Chickens

A total of 280-day-old broilers （Ross 308） were randomly assigned to seven groups each containing for replicates with 10 chicks. The control group received the corn soybean meal based diet. In the treatment groups the basal diet was supplemented with one of following 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% Thyme and Mint extracts. Triglyceride was significantly decreased by addition of 0.2% and 0.4% of Thyme extract （TE）. The TE supplemented diets contained significantly lower cholesterol concentration and low density lipoprotein compared to the control diet. High density lipoprotein content was not significantly affected by dietary treatments. Likewise, differences among groups were not significant for hematocrit and hemoglobin level. The addition of Mint extract （ME） to the broiler diet led to a significant reduction in the triglyceride, cholesterol concentration and LDL. Differences among groups were not significant for HDL, hematocrit, or hemoglobin level. The results showed that both of TE and ME supplementation significantly decreased plasma level of triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol were also numerically increased with the addition of both TE and ME.

Allelopathic Potential of Orange Jessamine （Murraya paniculata L.） against Weeds

The use of allelopathic plants is an alternative technique for controlling weeds in sustainable crop production. This experiment evaluated the allelopathic potential of Murraya paniculata （L.） against four weeds viz., Bidens pilosa L., Amarathus spinosus L., Echinochloa crusgalli （L.） Beauv. and Chloris barbata Sw.. In laboratory test, aqueous extracts from M. paniculata leaves at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 g/L were tested on germination and seedling growth of the weeds. The extracts showed inhibitory effect, varying with weed species and extract concentration. Increase in concentrations increased the degree of inhibition. Concentration at 50 g/L and 100 g/L, completely inhibited seed germination of C. barbara and A. spinosus. Pot experiments were done in a glasshouse, with dry leaf powder as mulch on the soil surface at levels of 2, 4 and 8 t/ha. Dry leaf powder reduced the emergence and growth of all tested weeds, varying with dose and species. Chloris barbara is the most sensitive to M paniculata leaf mulch while E. crus-galli is the most resistant. These results suggest that M. paniculata had the potential lbr weed control and might be the source of a natural herbicide.

The Inhibitory Role of Plant Extracts on Acrylamide Formation in Potato Chips

This paper investigated the efficiency of antioxidant of Thyme and extract of cumin on the reduction of acrylamide in potato chips and summarized the optimal levels of two additives. Seven experimental groups including a control group were organized for both of additives.

Malacological Diversity on Some Lamiaceae in the Region of Tlemcen （Northwest Algeria）

The region of Tlemcen is located in the northwestern part of Algeria. Its arid climate leads to the degradation of vegetation in open formation, where can be found the doum, the diss and broom. Other aromatic species such as rosemary, thyme, lavender and horehound are considered as well. The four previous aromatic species belong to the family Labiatae for their morphological and botanical characters. The authors propose to design an approach to identify the diversity of malacofauna found on these different Lamiaceae. These are certainly a nutritional source for this malacological fauna. So, a survey was performed in various stations. The malacological richness is estimated to be 19 for thyme, 18 for rosemary, 16 for lavender, and finally 7 for horehound. It includes four families, namely Milacidae, Sphincterochilidae, Helicidae and Subulinidae. Milacidae are present only in horehound and lavender stations. On the other hand, the Sphincterochilidae, namely Sphincterochila candidissima, is absent on horehound. Rumina decollata is the only species in the family Subulinidae. As for the family Helicidae, it is the richest and includes two specific subfamilies： Helicinae and Helicellinae. The first subfamily consists of 11 species of thyme, 10 species of rosemary and lavender. The second subfamily includes 6 species of thyme and rosemary and 3 of lavender, respectively. In addition, the author tries to look for the malacological species specific to each of these plants and those who are common to them as well. Finally, the vertical distribution of gastropods is given.

Antiradical, Anti-inflammatory and Antifungal Activities of Essential Oils of Two Aromatic Plants： Apium graveolens （Apiaceae） and Thymus vulgaris （Lamiaceae）

The outbreak of oxidative stress, inflammatory diseases and mycoses, constitute an important public health problem. This could be due to the increase of risk factors, side effects and expensive therapeutic molecules available. In the aim to find the potential spring of new therapeutic molecules with efficient and wide spectrum of action, the antiradical, anti-inflammatory and antifungal activities of two essential oils were evaluated. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation. The antiradical activity was evaluated to use DPPH （2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl） scavenging method and the anti-inflammatory activity was determined using the enzymatic method. The disc diffusion and dilution methods were used to evaluate growth inhibition of three yeasts, three moulds and three dermatophytes. The yields of extraction of Apium graveolens and Thymus vulgaris essential oils were 0.14% and 0.32% respectively. These essential oils showed antiradical properties with respective SC50 of 0.41 and 0.06 g/L for Apium graveolens and Thymus vulgaris. Only Thymus vulgaris presented an anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 of 0.19 g/L. Cryptococcus neoformans was the most susceptible fungal strain while C. albicans was the most resistant one. The results were compared with the standard antifungal. These results show that these essential oils could be exploited as potential spring of molecules endowed with antiradical, anti-inflammatory and antifungal activities.

Molecular cloning and function analysis of insulin-like growth factorbinding protein 1a in blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 （IGFBP-1）, a hypoxia-induced protein, is a member of the IGFBP family that regulates vertebrate growth and development. In this study, full-length IGFBP-la cDNA was cloned from a hypoxia-sensitive Cyprinidae fish species, the blunt snout bream （Megalobrama arnblycephala）. IGFBP-la was expressed in various organs of adult blunt snout bream, including strongly in the liver and weakly in the gonads. Under hypoxia, IGFBP-la mRNA levels increased sharply in the skin, liver, kidney, spleen, intestine and heart tissues of juvenile blunt snout bream, but recovered to normal levels after 24-hour exposure to normal dissolved oxygen. In blunt snout bream embryos, IGFBP-la mRNA was expressed at very low levels at both four and eight hours post-fertilization, and strongly at later stages. Embryonic growth and development rates decreased significantly in embryos injected with IGFBP-la mRNA. The average body length of IGFBP-la-overexpressed embryos was 82.4% of that of the control group, and somite numbers decreased to 85.2%. These findings suggest that hypoxia-induced IGFBP-la may inhibit growth in this species under hypoxic conditions.

The Appearances of Power： Its Violent and Popular Geneses According to Machiavelli and La Bo6tie

This paper develops a phenomenology of power in its various forms based on the account of the relationship between domination and freedom given by Niccol6 Machiavelli and ttienne de La Bo6tie. These authors are read in such a way as to extract the contemporary meaning of power in relation to the concept of appearance. Both authors link domination to other forms of violent power （oppression, exploitation, and exclusion）, and while they recognize the inevitable role of appearances in politics, they oppose the tendency of rulers to use appearances to maintain their power over the people. The sharing of intellectual power is then the most likely way for popular power, once it makes its appearance in society, to lead to transformations in governmental and economic power.

Decadence and Mass Culture： The Novel as a Panorama. The Case of Bruges-La-Morte

Today＇s idea of the so-called fin-de-sibcle is still somewhat inexact and incomplete. This lack of precision originates from a deeply rooted methodological approach which consists of considering the respective developments of literature, art, and science in isolation, without paying attention to any interference or reciprocal contamination. This defective method also affects the overlaps and contacts between high culture and popular culture. Despite the progress made over recent years, there are few researchers who approach their objective with a real awareness of the complexity of a time period which saw the appearance of mass culture in the current sense and an unprecedented boom in scientific and technological development.1 To this end, the example of the great German philosopher Walter Benjamin and his studies on Paris during the 19th century----collected in the essays on the great French poet Charles Baudelaire and especially in the monumental and unfinished work The Arcades Project--is, without doubt, a model to follow. Taking the path suggested by Benjamin, this article sets out a revision of the novel Bruges-la-Morte （1892） by the Belgian writer Georges Rodenbach, considered one of the major exponents of thefin-de-sikcle decadence, which goes beyond the usual approach of a symbolist reading, by paying special attention to the frictions between literature and technology on one hand, and between literature and popular entertainment on the other.