矮化避雨栽培对‘金煌1号'杧果物候期与果实形质、产量的影响

以‘金煌1号'杧果为试材,研究双层搭架矮化避雨栽培对其物候期与果实形质、产量的影响。结果表明:与露地栽培相比,矮化避雨栽培可使‘金煌1号'杧果盛花期推迟2~3 d,末花期及果实转色期推迟3~4 d,果实成熟期推迟5~6 d;特级果比率提高17.22%,发病率、裂果率分别降低7.41、1.84百分点,商品果率、优质果率分别提高12.96、10.5百分点;平均单果重提高18.01%,可溶性固形物含量提高1.2百分点;树冠高度降低33.77%,两性花坐果率提高49.04%,株产、667 m^2产量分别提高29.21%、24.63%。

海南‘金煌’芒干物质及养分年积累量研究

研究海南‘金煌’芒果干物质及养分年积累量,为平衡施肥提供参考。通过采集‘金煌’芒不同器官干物质并进行养分分析,结果表明:(1)‘金煌’树体不同器官干物质年积累量顺序为:采收果>修剪叶>花及梗>修剪枝>落果;其中花及梗占17.17%、落果1.26%、修剪叶22.23%、修剪枝8.64%、采收果50.70%。(2)‘金煌’树体11种营养元素年积累量大小顺序为:N>K>Ca>P>Mg>S>Mn>Fe>Zn>B>Cu。(3)以生产1000kg‘金煌’芒计,树体养分需求为:干物质464.68kg、N5.46kg、P0.57kg、K4.62kg、Ca2.69kg、Mg0.40kg、S0.33kg、Fe51.62g、Mn158.84g、Cu2.90g、Zn9.43g、B7.26g。

‘金煌’芒果疏果效应研究

以11年‘金煌’芒果树为试验材料,通过人工疏果处理,研究‘金煌’芒疏果处理对单株产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:结果母枝疏留果3个处理产量最高;不同处理平均单果重大果与小果均无显著差异;结果母枝疏留果1个处理,大果结果数量最多;大果品质优于小果。综合而言,在生产实践上,粗壮的结果母枝留果2个,较瘦弱枝留果1个最为合适。

不同杀菌剂对‘金煌’杧果叶片病害的田间防控效果

以‘金煌’杧果为材料,开展不同杀菌剂对叶片病害防控效果试验。试验结果表明:凯润、百泰、腈菌唑等对‘金煌’杧果叶片炭疽病防效显著,老熟叶片分别达到70.30%,62.05%、58.56%;对新生嫩叶分别达到71.71%、59.62%、60.16%。

元妃寝宫“奎璧辉煌”,还是“金璧辉煌”?——与陈熙中教授商榷

程甲本《红楼梦》第八十三回有“奎璧辉煌”一词，令人费解；程乙本改作“奎壁辉煌”，今通行校注本多从之。笔者曾考析认为“金璧辉煌”是明清时期描述华丽建筑的惯常用语，同今“金碧辉煌”；程甲本此处“奎”字实为行（草）书体“金”字之形讹，程乙本改字及今人注释均误。然北京大学陈熙中教授不同意拙见，并撰文论证此处“奎璧辉煌”不误。今详研陈教授文，觉陈教授举证似有瑕疵，故此商榷，以期明辨是非。

Discussion on the Current Situation and Artistic Characteristics of the 4 Intangible Cultural Heritage Relics Worldwide

Nowadays, with the rapid economic and technological development, people＇s material and spiritual requirements has got great satisfaction. In the course of historical development, ancestors of human beings created incomparable cultural heritage relics and spiritual civilization with their diligent hands and the great wisdom left us countless cultural heritage relics, many of them have become the famous wonder of the world. These civilizations and cultural heritage are located in Asia, Europe and America, Africa, for example, the Egyptian Pyramids, Acropolis in Athens. Mayan Civilization in Mexico, Mogao Grottoes of Dun Huang of China, Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses Figurines, Angkor Wat-Cambodia, Venice-ltaly, the Buddhas of Bamiyan in Afghanistan. The essay will mainly choose the 4 most famous representative cultural heritages worldwide to discuss their artistic characteristics, current situation and damage level and effective protective measures.