目的评估Lenke 5C型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(Adolescent idiopathic Scoliosis,AIS)上端融合椎(The upper instrumented vertebra,UIV)为上端椎(The upper end vertebra,UEV)和UEV+1对患者术后肩平衡的影响。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至201...目的评估Lenke 5C型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(Adolescent idiopathic Scoliosis,AIS)上端融合椎(The upper instrumented vertebra,UIV)为上端椎(The upper end vertebra,UEV)和UEV+1对患者术后肩平衡的影响。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2019年12月48例Lenke 5C型AIS患者的资料,所有患者均行后路矫形选择性胸腰椎融合术,根据UIV和UEV之间的关系,将UIV作为UEV的设定为UEV组,将UIV作为UEV+1的设定为UEV+1组,比较两组影像学参数和临床结果的异同。结果48例患者均随访2年以上,UEV组26例,UEV+1组22例。UEV+1组术后末次随访时TL/L矫正率明显高于UEV组(73.14%vs 63.71%,P<0.05),UIV倾斜度明显降低,影像学的肩高度差(RSH)绝对值显著增加(7.63 mm vs 0.72 mm,P<0.05),冠状面失衡绝对值显著增加(12.02 mm vs 4.81 mm,P<0.05)。UEV+1组术后肩失衡(RSH≥20 mm)发生率明显高于UEV组。两组在矢状位排列和患者预后方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论当UIV选择为UEV+1时,TL/L矫正率提高,但增加了肩和冠状面失衡的风险,临床应尽可能选择UEV作为UIV,以维持AIS患者肩平衡。展开更多
经济全球化使世界各国都不可能孤立地发展,连一贯有着母语优越感的美国,也越来越认识到国民外语教育的重要性.为了提高学生的外语能力以适应经济全球化的需要,美国教育部和外语教育委员会耗时6载制订并修改再版了<21世纪外语学习目标...经济全球化使世界各国都不可能孤立地发展,连一贯有着母语优越感的美国,也越来越认识到国民外语教育的重要性.为了提高学生的外语能力以适应经济全球化的需要,美国教育部和外语教育委员会耗时6载制订并修改再版了<21世纪外语学习目标>(Standards For Foreign language Learning in the 21st Century).'他山之石,可以攻玉'.从美国<21世纪外语学习目标>,即'5C'<目标>看我国大学外语学习现状,我们不免会发现问题,找到差距,从而探索出更趋成熟的、与国际同步发展的教学路子来.展开更多
Al-5C master alloy was prepared by powder in situ synthesis process, and its effects on grain refinement of AZ31 alloy and refining mechanism were investigated. The results indicate that the AI 5C master alloy consist...Al-5C master alloy was prepared by powder in situ synthesis process, and its effects on grain refinement of AZ31 alloy and refining mechanism were investigated. The results indicate that the AI 5C master alloy consists of a(Al) and A14C3 phases, and the size distribution of Al4C3 particles is controlled by sintering time. The AI 5C master alloy can remarkably reduce the grain size of AZ31 alloy, which decreases with the increasing addition amount of AI-SC master alloy when the addition amount is below 2%. The refining mechanism is attributed to the formation of new compounds of Al-C-Mnparticles by Al4C3 and Mn, which might act as nucleating substrates for a-Mg grain.展开更多
文摘目的评估Lenke 5C型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(Adolescent idiopathic Scoliosis,AIS)上端融合椎(The upper instrumented vertebra,UIV)为上端椎(The upper end vertebra,UEV)和UEV+1对患者术后肩平衡的影响。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至2019年12月48例Lenke 5C型AIS患者的资料,所有患者均行后路矫形选择性胸腰椎融合术,根据UIV和UEV之间的关系,将UIV作为UEV的设定为UEV组,将UIV作为UEV+1的设定为UEV+1组,比较两组影像学参数和临床结果的异同。结果48例患者均随访2年以上,UEV组26例,UEV+1组22例。UEV+1组术后末次随访时TL/L矫正率明显高于UEV组(73.14%vs 63.71%,P<0.05),UIV倾斜度明显降低,影像学的肩高度差(RSH)绝对值显著增加(7.63 mm vs 0.72 mm,P<0.05),冠状面失衡绝对值显著增加(12.02 mm vs 4.81 mm,P<0.05)。UEV+1组术后肩失衡(RSH≥20 mm)发生率明显高于UEV组。两组在矢状位排列和患者预后方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论当UIV选择为UEV+1时,TL/L矫正率提高,但增加了肩和冠状面失衡的风险,临床应尽可能选择UEV作为UIV,以维持AIS患者肩平衡。
文摘经济全球化使世界各国都不可能孤立地发展,连一贯有着母语优越感的美国,也越来越认识到国民外语教育的重要性.为了提高学生的外语能力以适应经济全球化的需要,美国教育部和外语教育委员会耗时6载制订并修改再版了<21世纪外语学习目标>(Standards For Foreign language Learning in the 21st Century).'他山之石,可以攻玉'.从美国<21世纪外语学习目标>,即'5C'<目标>看我国大学外语学习现状,我们不免会发现问题,找到差距,从而探索出更趋成熟的、与国际同步发展的教学路子来.
基金Project(2011921065)supported by Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program,ChinaProject(DUT11ZD115)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘Al-5C master alloy was prepared by powder in situ synthesis process, and its effects on grain refinement of AZ31 alloy and refining mechanism were investigated. The results indicate that the AI 5C master alloy consists of a(Al) and A14C3 phases, and the size distribution of Al4C3 particles is controlled by sintering time. The AI 5C master alloy can remarkably reduce the grain size of AZ31 alloy, which decreases with the increasing addition amount of AI-SC master alloy when the addition amount is below 2%. The refining mechanism is attributed to the formation of new compounds of Al-C-Mnparticles by Al4C3 and Mn, which might act as nucleating substrates for a-Mg grain.