Problematic Use of Video Games in Schools in Northern Benin (2023)

Objective: To study the problematic use of video games among secondary school students in the city of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the commune of Parakou from December 2022 to July 2023. The study population consisted of students regularly enrolled in public and private secondary schools in the city of Parakou for the 2022-2023 academic year. A two-stage non-proportional stratified sampling technique combined with simple random sampling was adopted. The Problem Video Game Playing (PVP) scale was used to assess problem gambling in the study population, while anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: A total of 1030 students were included. The mean age of the pupils surveyed was 15.06 ± 2.68 years, with extremes of 10 and 28 years. The [13 - 18] age group was the most represented, with a proportion of 59.6% (614) in the general population. Females predominated, at 52.8% (544), with a sex ratio of 0.89. The prevalence of problematic video game use was 24.9%, measured using the Video Game Playing scale. Associated factors were male gender (p = 0.005), pocket money under 10,000 cfa (p = 0.001) and between 20,000 - 90,000 cfa (p = 0.030), addictive family behavior (p < 0.001), monogamous family (p = 0.023), good relationship with father (p = 0.020), organization of video game competitions (p = 0.001) and definite anxiety (p Conclusion: Substance-free addiction is struggling to attract the attention it deserves, as it did in its infancy everywhere else. This study complements existing data and serves as a reminder of the need to focus on this group of addictions, whose problematic use of video games remains the most frequent due to its accessibility and social tolerance. Preventive action combined with curative measures remains the most effective means of combating the problem at national level.

A Value for Games Defined on Graphs

Given a graph g=( V,A ) , we define a space of subgraphs M with the binary operation of union and the unique decomposition property into blocks. This space allows us to discuss a notion of minimal subgraphs (minimal coalitions) that are of interest for the game. Additionally, a partition of the game is defined in terms of the gain of each block, and subsequently, a solution to the game is defined based on distributing to each player (node and edge) present in each block a payment proportional to their contribution to the coalition.

Impacts of Human Activities and Season on Species Diversity and Abundance of Butterflies in Mpanga Kipengere Game Reserve and Surrounding Farmlands, Tanzania

Maintaining natural habitats is crucial for the preservation of insects and other species that indicate environmental changes. However, the Mpanga/Kipengere Game Reserve and its surrounding farmlands are facing disturbance due to human activities, which is putting many wildlife species, particularly larger mammals, at risk. To determine the impact of human activities on butterfly species diversity and abundance in the reserve and its surrounding areas, we conducted a study from November 2021 to October 2023. We collected butterfly data using transect walks and baited traps in two habitat types. Our study yielded 2799 butterfly Individuals ranging in 124 species divided into five families habitat, season, and anthropogenic factors are significant environmental variables influencing species diversity and abundance of butterflies. Therefore, it’s important to protect habitat and dry-season water for the conservation of invertebrates such as butterflies. Our study findings provide essential information for ecological monitoring and future assessment of the Mpanga/Kipengere Game Reserve ecosystem health.

Game Theory Based Model for Predictive Analytics Using Distributed Position Function

This paper presents a game theory-based method for predicting the outcomes of negotiation and group decision-making problems. We propose an extension to the BDM model to address problems where actors’ positions are distributed over a position spectrum. We generalize the concept of position in the model to incorporate continuous positions for the actors, enabling them to have more flexibility in defining their targets. We explore different possible functions to study the role of the position function and discuss appropriate distance measures for computing the distance between the positions of actors. To validate the proposed extension, we demonstrate the trustworthiness of our model’s performance and interpretation by replicating the results based on data used in earlier studies.

Game Theory Optimization via Diverse Genetic Crossover Intelligence

Game theory is explored via a maze application where combinatorial optimization occurs with the objective of traversing through a defined maze with an aim to enhance decision support and locate the optimal travel sequence while minimizing computation time. This combinatorial optimization approach is initially demonstrated by utilizing a traditional genetic algorithm (GA), followed by the incorporation of artificial intelligence utilizing embedded rules based on domain-specific knowledge. The aim of this initiative is to compare the results of the traditional and rule-based optimization approaches with results acquired through an intelligent crossover methodology. The intelligent crossover approach encompasses a two-dimensional GA encoding where a second chromosome string is introduced within the GA, offering a sophisticated means for chromosome crossover amongst selected parents. Additionally, parent selection intelligence is incorporated where the best-traversed paths or population members are retained and utilized as potential parents to mate with parents selected within a traditional GA methodology. A further enhancement regarding the utilization of saved optimal population members as potential parents is mathematically explored within this literature.

Video Games and School Performances of Dakar High School Students

The triptych (Smartphones, Video games, adolescents) has imposed itself on the collective consciousness in the form of questioning to the point of becoming a social phenomenon. It thus raises concerns about the uses that adolescents make of it and the effects on their academic performance, which we proposed to study among middle school students from the Dakar academy inspection. Where appropriate, we used mixed methods with the collection techniques of questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews respectively with middle school students, adults (parents, supervisors, teachers, etc.), participant observation and literature review. Concretely, before accessibility to video games, the middle school students were more idle and well-behaved, watched a lot of TV, played with their brothers and sisters or did household chores. The majority of young people had good, very good or excellent conduct and their averages were fair, fairly good or good. With access to a diverse digital environment, middle school students have passionately turned to video games. As a result, their learning time, concentration and submission to parental injunctions have declined significantly. This situation negatively affected their academic performance and encouraged bad behavior.

Nash Equilibrium of a Fixed-Sum Two-Player Game

It is well established that Nash equilibrium exists within the framework of mixed strategies in strategic-form non-cooperative games. However, finding the Nash equilibrium generally belongs to the class of problems known as PPAD (Polynomial Parity Argument on Directed graphs), for which no polynomial-time solution methods are known, even for two-player games. This paper demonstrates that in fixed-sum two-player games (including zero-sum games), the Nash equilibrium forms a convex set, and has a unique expected payoff. Furthermore, these equilibria are Pareto optimal. Additionally, it is shown that the Nash equilibrium of fixed-sum two-player games can theoretically be found in polynomial time using the principal-dual interior point method, a solution method of linear programming.

直播电商背景下国货品牌崛起的演化机制研究

借助直播平台优势,通过政府扶持,实现国货品牌崛起,在当前经济形势下成为大势所趋。考虑政府、直播电商平台和国货品牌方的有限理性,构建三方演化博弈模型,研究不同环境条件下各博弈主体的策略选择。分析结果表明:在直播电商行业发展的不同阶段,直播电商平台和政府部门的策略选择不同,在直播电商行业发展初期,直播平台违规经营动机强烈,政府创新监管动力不足,国货品牌难以突破发展瓶颈;而在条件成熟时,政府和平台合力支持国货品牌发展,实现国货品牌崛起。

基于分布鲁棒优化的车-站-网日前能量管理与交易

为考虑上级电网电价、光伏出力等多重多层级不确定性对车-站-网互动博弈模型的影响,且充分体现配电网主动管理技术支撑效果,文中提出了一种基于分布鲁棒优化的车-站-网能量管理与交易方法。首先,针对主动配电网内多元主体能量管理与交易问题,建立了配电网运营商、充电站和电动汽车的日前市场互动框架。其次,融合主动网络管理技术和网络约束,在配电网运营商与聚合了电动汽车的多个充电站之间构建了以多主体各自利益最大为目标的双层Wasserstein分布鲁棒互动博弈模型。然后,提出了结合Karush-Kuhn-Tucker条件、对偶原理和大M法的化简方法以解决多层级不确定性造成的求解难题,将双层Wasserstein分布鲁棒模型转化为单层混合整数二阶锥规划模型,并利用商业求解器YALMIP/GUROBI进行了求解。最后,通过算例仿真验证了所提模型和方法的有效性。

隐私计算的关键理论与前沿应用

基于国家自然科学基金委员会第352期“双清论坛”,本文介绍了隐私计算在服务国家数字经济重大战略需求的重要作用,分析了国内外对该研究聚焦点的布局情况,阐述了隐私计算的内涵与外延,回顾了隐私计算研究历程的三个维度:隐私加密、隐私脱密与非规则博弈下新型隐私计算,凝练了隐私计算的非规则博弈、全生命周期保护与联邦计算范式等关键科学问题,研讨该领域前沿应用与未来研究方向,力争进一步推动我国隐私计算理论、方法和技术的突破性发展与应用。

考虑负荷空间均衡和充电站合作博弈的快速充电定价机制

为了平衡快速充电负荷空间分布,提高电动汽车用户充电满意度,提出考虑负荷空间均衡和充电站合作博弈的快速充电动态定价机制。首先,通过实际订单数据逆地理编码得到出行概率转移矩阵,结合路网模型和速度-流量模型建立电动汽车充电负荷时空分布模型;然后,考虑用户主观意愿,建立计及用户偏好的充电站选择决策模型,模拟用户对于充电站选择的理性决策行为;最后,以充电站节点负荷均衡性为目标,建立区域内快速充电站合作模式下的动态定价博弈模型,通过迭代算法求解均衡值,并利用Shapley值法对合作联盟所得剩余收益进行分配。仿真实例表明,所提快速充电站动态定价策略能有效降低充电站节点的负荷方差,提高充电桩利用率和充电站收益,并减小用户排队时间,提高用户满意度。

2022年北京冬奥会延庆赛区定点医院药学服务体系的构建与实践

北京市延庆区医院为2022年北京冬奥会延庆赛区唯一定点医院,通过多个方面进行药学服务体系建设,并在冬奥会医疗保障期间开展实践工作,包括在药学人员根据不同岗位执行对应防疫策略等方面,通过全方位培训、完善药品储备、建立运动员药品禁忌查询系统、加强处方审核、开展药学监护、参与多学科诊疗及远程药学服务等措施圆满完成定点医院药学服务工作,为今后国内其他大型赛事定点医院的药学服务工作提供借鉴。

地缘政治视域下中国参与亚运会历程中的重要议题及杭州亚运会的时代成就

已经胜利落幕的杭州亚运会是在中国境内举办的第3届亚运会。采用文献资料法与历史研究法,回顾中国的亚运会参与史,进一步分析亚运会与亚洲地缘政治格局和体育格局的互动影响后发现,参与亚运会是中国走向世界体育、参与国际体育事务的重要桥梁;是中国施展体育外交坚实且富有弹性的“第一步”,是推动亚洲地缘关系,巩固在亚地位的重要渠道;是处理两岸关系的重要场域。在两个大局背景下,杭州亚运会在加强中国与亚洲国家的联系,促进亚洲国家的交流与团结,树立“可亲可爱”的中国形象,宣传“心心相融”的在亚外交倡议,推动两岸交流,夯实和平统一基础等方面体现出重要的时代价值,并为中国以体育促外交的未来发展提出新的议题。

考虑充放储一体站与电动汽车互动的主从博弈优化调度策略

针对大规模电动汽车(electrical vehicle,EV)接入微电网造成的负荷压力,提出一种考虑充放储一体站(charging-discharging-storage integrated station,CDSIS)与EV互动的主从博弈优化调度策略。首先,通过建立CDSIS模型,并针对CDSIS多场景进行分段设置。其次,建立动态路网模型并结合EV出行特性,预测城市区域路网约束下的EV充电负荷时空分布。并根据预测结果建立EV及CDSIS多目标主从博弈优化调度模型,对EV用户、CDSIS收益进行多目标协调。最后,以某城市主城区域部分交通路网结合IEEE33节点配电系统进行仿真,分析电价与CDSIS储能设备容量对城市区域内EV用户和CDSIS站收益的影响。结果表明,所提主从博弈模型与调度策略能够使得EV用户与CDSIS双方得到最大收益。

基于演化博弈的我国分级诊疗策略分析

目的在分级诊疗制度中涉及政府、医院和患者之间的利益关系,探讨三方动态博弈策略,有利于完善分级诊疗的理论范式和政策逻辑。方法构建政府、医院和患者三方模型,分析其策略选择及演化路径,求解三方演化博弈的稳定策略,探究如何进行利益平衡和合作以实现三方共赢。另外,利用Matlab R2018b对模型进行仿真,进一步分析三方主体的演化路径以及不同策略选择对分级诊疗制度推广的影响。结果政府、医院和患者3个主体的决策行为之间相互影响,最终将演化至点(1,1,1)的理想稳定状态。增大政府补贴会加速医院和患者的初始参与概率值收敛至1,但过多的补贴会使政府逐渐背离鼓励分级诊疗的策略。结论政府应在成本范围内加大对医院优质医疗资源下沉的专家补贴力度,并加强政府监管。大型医院和基层医疗卫生机构重要的是实现医生资源的自由流动和合理分布。患者还需转变固有的就医观念,才能最终实现有序就医。

碳数据质量合规与企业寻租监管——演化博弈视角下第三方核查监管制度的完善研究

保证碳数据质量合规是碳数据二元功能发挥的前提。但现行碳数据质量合规第三方核查监管制度(下称监管制度)对企业碳数据造假寻租行为的监管乏力。构建由监管部门、企业与核查机构共同参与的演化博弈系统,利用数理经济学分析方法进行模型推导和数值仿真,探究关键因素变动对博弈系统演化稳定状态跃迁的影响与启示,可在厘清博弈主体行为逻辑的基础上探究匡补现行监管制度缺损的方案。研究发现:(1)监管部门的行为选择受到多种因素的影响而具有复杂性,且监管部门客观监管能力的提高需和其他关键参数协同作用才能显著提升演化速度;(2)“寻租联盟”内部成员之间的行为选择相互影响且具有一致性;(3)利用法律的利导性功能可弥补“数据利他主义”不能提振企业“报告合规碳数据”意愿的不足,但需满足一定的量化约束条件以保证博弈系统稳定性;(4)企业与核查机构的行为选择具有明显的成本遵循特征,寻租成本、碳数据造价成本、违规核查成本等是影响博弈系统演化稳定状态跃迁的关键因素。锚定碳数据质量合规目标,可从提升合规动力、提高监管能力和增大造假压力三个方面着手完善现行监管制度。

低地球轨道卫星边缘计算场景中任务卸载与资源分配联合优化算法

针对低地球轨道(LEO)卫星边缘计算场景中地面用户计算任务的卸载需求,提出联合卸载与资源分配优化(JORAO)算法。考虑到LEO卫星的有限覆盖时间,以最小化所有地面用户的平均服务时延为目标,联合优化卸载策略、LEO卫星的通信和计算资源分配。将任务卸载与资源分配的联合优化问题分解为卸载决策和资源分配子问题,使用交替优化方法,获得原始优化问题的次优解。对于任务卸载决策子问题,将其建模为联盟博弈模型,当博弈达到纳什均衡时,获得最小化平均服务时延的地面用户卸载策略;对于资源分配子问题,使用拉格朗日乘子法获得最优的通信和计算资源分配结果。此外,还证明了所提算法的收敛性和稳定性。仿真结果表明,所提算法具有良好的收敛性,能显著降低地面用户的平均服务时延和提高任务卸载成功率。

计及LCA碳排放的源荷双侧合作博弈调度研究

为实现新型电力系统的低碳经济目标,提出一种计及生命周期评价(lifecycleassessment, LCA)的源荷双侧合作博弈优化调度模型。首先,考虑灵活可调度的柔性负荷,构建含热电联产机组、燃气锅炉、电转气等设备的源荷双侧合作运行框架。然后,运用LCA方法分析源荷双侧中不同能源链的温室气体排放,并结合碳交易机制,建立碳交易成本计算模型。最后,基于合作博弈策略,建立以源荷合作联盟总成本最小为目标的源荷双侧协同运行优化模型,并利用改进的Shapley值法对成员合作收益进行分配。算例分析表明,所提模型有利于降低系统运行的总成本、减少系统碳排放量、提升可再生能源消纳量,有效促进系统低碳经济的发展。

基于三方演化博弈的突发公共卫生事件应急响应及仿真研究

突发公共卫生事件中地方政府、社会组织与公众的相互配合、协同响应是及时高效进行应急管理的必然选择。本文以新型冠状病毒肺炎为背景,考虑应急响应过程中多主体之间的相互影响与博弈关系,基于有限理性假设,构建地方政府、社会组织与公众三方博弈主体的演化博弈动态模型。然后,运用演化博弈理论和Lyapunov判别法分析三方主体演化模型的均衡点和渐进稳定性,得到在不同条件下三方主体的演化稳定策略。最后,对突发公共卫生事件不同阶段的三方主体应急响应的博弈行为进行仿真分析,探讨地方政府的补贴政策、奖惩措施以及社会组织成本对博弈各方策略选择的影响。研究结果表明:(1)在突发公共卫生事件应急响应的不同阶段,各主体的决策选择是动态演变的;(2)地方政府的补贴政策、奖惩措施以及社会组织成本对于主体的应急响应行为作用明显;(3)各主体的初始参与意愿强弱对突发公共卫生事件应急响应的影响效果显著。

冬奥会促进就业:国际镜鉴与中国方略

承办冬奥会是张家口市千载难逢的发展契机,在经济下行压力增大的背景下,如何借助冬奥会综合效益推动城市经济增长、缓解就业压力亟需破题。基于此,文章聚焦冬奥会促进举办城市就业这一议题,在劳动经济学、区域经济学理论指导下,利用文献资料法、数理统计法及对比研究法,研究了冬奥会促进举办城市就业的特殊价值与历史经验,并以此为关照,在测算2022年冬奥会对张家口市直接就业带动贡献的基础上,尝试提出后冬奥时代张家口市就业促进的优化策略。