Background and Aims: The study aims to explore the association between body composition and depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 41 age-matched indi-...Background and Aims: The study aims to explore the association between body composition and depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 41 age-matched indi-viduals (aged 11 - 30) as a non-depressive control group. The Department of Psychology at the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Na-tionalities recruited 27 depressive patients within the same age range. Bioelec-trical impedance analysis measured body composition, while SCL-90, SAS, and SDS were employed for depression diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between body composition and de-pression scores. Results: The Depression Group exhibited higher levels of fat mass (p Conclusion: Depression is associated with age, gender, and muscle mass in adolescents and young people. Proper exercise and a healthy diet can increase muscle mass, thereby reducing fat mass and, as a result, reducing the prevalence of depression.展开更多
Introduction: On the 5<sup>th</sup> of June 2022, an incident of a mass attack following multiple gunshots and explosions occurred in a community in Ondo State Nigeria. This study aims to assess the mental...Introduction: On the 5<sup>th</sup> of June 2022, an incident of a mass attack following multiple gunshots and explosions occurred in a community in Ondo State Nigeria. This study aims to assess the mental health status of victims of the mass attack to guide further interventions among them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among victims of a mass attack in Owo community, Ondo State. A total of 209 affected victims were interviewed on socio-demographic characteristics, symptoms of anxiety (AD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), threat experienced, and mental health support received. A 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and 9-item Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) scale were used to assess the mental health status of the victims. A point was assigned to respondents who reported the symptoms of GAD, with a maximum score of 7 attained. For GAD, scores were categorized as follows: 1 - 2 as mild, 2 - 3 as minimal, 4 - 5 as moderate and 6 - 7 as severe. The PTSD symptoms were rated using a 5-point Likert scale response, and assigned the following points;4 = extremely, 3 = quite a bit, 2 = moderate, 1 = a little bit and 0 = not at all. From a maximum score of 36, participants with scores 18 and above were categorized as those with provisional PTSD. The independent samples t-test and correlational analysis were used to determine the association between PTSD score and other independent variables, with an alpha level of significance set at 0.05. Results: Generally, 38 (18.2%) of the respondents had severe AD. About half (89;42.6%) were categorized as those with provisional PTSD. The mean level of both AD (3.40 ± 2.26) and PTSD (16.51 ± 7.63) score is higher among those who were married compared to those not married (anxiety disorder;2.52 ± 2.20, P = 0.005 and PTSD;13.20 ± 8.86, P = 0.004). Respondents who have been counseled by a healthcare worker had a higher mean level (15.89 ± 7.58) of provisional PTSD compared to those not counseled by a healthcare worker (13.56 ± 9.22, P = 0.046). The level of PTSD score increased with a higher age group (r = 0.21, P = 0.003). Conclusions: The results show that the mass attack had psychological consequences among a high proportion of the victims, particularly, those married and in the older age groups. This suggests the need for continuous supportive counseling targeting these affected groups, and considering other factors moderating the effectiveness of counseling among them in future interventions.展开更多
In this paper, the submicroscopic deterministic concept developed by the author is applied to the problem of the neutrino mass. A particle appears from space considered as a mathematical lattice of primary topological...In this paper, the submicroscopic deterministic concept developed by the author is applied to the problem of the neutrino mass. A particle appears from space considered as a mathematical lattice of primary topological balls, and induces a deformation coat in its surrounding. The principles of the interaction of particles with space and through space between themselves are considered in detail. The approach states that real quarks possess only an integer charge (±e) and when moving they periodically change to the monopole state (⇄g) and hence, canonical particles are dynamic dyons. A neutrino emerges as a squeezed quark when it is in a monopole state, or in other words, the quark monopole state (a bubble in the tessellattice) is transferred to the appropriate lepton monopole state (a speck in the tessellattice). The self-mass (a “rest” mass) for each neutrino flavour is calculated. The calculated value of the self-mass for the electron anti-neutrino is 1.22873978 × 10<sup>-36</sup> kg = 0.68927247 eV/c<sup>2</sup>. The concept of neutrino oscillations is revised, and another postulation is proposed, namely, that the transition from lighter to heavier flavors is due to the inelastic scattering of neutrinos on oncoming scatterers. As a result, the neutrino captures the mass defect, becomes heavier, and therefore the transitions V<sub>e</sub>⟶V<sub>μ</sub> and V<sub>μ</sub>⟶V<sub>τ</sub> occur;thus, the number of light neutrinos decreases in the neutrino flux studied.展开更多
Brazil annually faces significant challenges with mass movements, particularly in areas with poorly constructed housing, inadequate engineering, and lacking sanitation infrastructure. Campos do Jordão, in Sã...Brazil annually faces significant challenges with mass movements, particularly in areas with poorly constructed housing, inadequate engineering, and lacking sanitation infrastructure. Campos do Jordão, in São Paulo state, is a city currently grappling with these issues. This paper details a study conducted within a pilot area in Campos do Jordão, where geophysical surveys and geotechnical borehole data were integrated. The geophysical surveys provided 2D profiles, and samples were collected to analyse soil moisture and plasticity. These datasets were combined using a Cokriging-based model to produce an accurate representation of the subsurface conditions. The enhanced modelling of subsurface variability facilitates a deeper understanding of soil behavior, which can be used to improve landslide risk assessments. This approach is innovative, particularly within the international context where similar studies often do not address the complexities associated with urban planning deficits such as those observed in some areas of Brazil. These conditions, including the lack of proper sanitation and irregular housing, significantly influence the geological stability of the region, adding layers of complexity to subsurface assessments. Adapting geotechnical evaluation methods to local challenges offers the potential to increase the efficacy and relevance of geological risk management in regions with similar socio-economic and urban characteristics.展开更多
Background: The differential diagnosis for intracavitary cardiac masses is limited, typically including vegetations, tumors, or thrombi. Cardiac thrombi can often mimic cardiac tumors on imaging, creating a diagnostic...Background: The differential diagnosis for intracavitary cardiac masses is limited, typically including vegetations, tumors, or thrombi. Cardiac thrombi can often mimic cardiac tumors on imaging, creating a diagnostic challenge. Primary cardiac tumors are rare and usually benign, whereas most cardiac tumors result from metastases, commonly originating from malignancies in the breast, lung, or melanoma. Aim: This report highlights the importance of distinguishing various cardiac masses based on clinical presentations, clinical courses, and radiological features. Case Presentation: We describe two cases of cardiac masses with unique and diverse clinical features. Each case posed significant diagnostic challenges due to their distinct presentations and clinical progressions. Conclusion: These cases underscore the importance of considering both benign and metastatic origins in the differential diagnosis of intracavitary cardiac masses. Accurate differentiation between thrombi and tumors is crucial for appropriate management and treatment.展开更多
Introduction: Carbai tunnel syndrome [CTS] is compression of the median nerve at the wrist , this causes tingling in the hands, pain, numbness, tingling in the fingers particularly the thumb, index and middle fingers,...Introduction: Carbai tunnel syndrome [CTS] is compression of the median nerve at the wrist , this causes tingling in the hands, pain, numbness, tingling in the fingers particularly the thumb, index and middle fingers, loss of sensation in the hands and fingers, also weakness in the hands. The aim of the present study was to study a possible association which could be found between electrophysiological data in CTS, BMI, hyperlipidemia, and vitamin D [Vit D] levels. Methods: We used a sample of 40 females of the same age group, who were divided into Group 1 as a control consists of 18 healthy females and Group II consisted of 22 age matched females with clinical and electrophysiological evidence of CTS. We measured atherogenic index [AI] as a marker of hyperlipidemia, body mass index [BMI], Vit D status and electrophysiological tests of CTS. Results: Subjects with CTS had deficient Vit D status, they had significantly high atherogenic index (AI), and significant high BMI all compared to control Group I. Median sensory conduction velocity was significantly correlated negatively with BMI and atherogenic index, and positively correlated significantly with Vit D status. But median sensory and motor action potential latency were significantly correlated positively with BMI and atherogenic index, and negatively correlated significantly with Vit D status The analysis revealed BMI, atherogenic index and Vit D status as predictors of median nerve sensory and motor action potential latency and sensory nerve conduction velocity in CTS. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that obesity and hyperlipidemia are potent CTS risk factors and declared the direct association between Vit D status and CTS occurrence. Our study supports the notion of the compensatory neuroprotective role of Vit D which could have a direct impact on the nerves integrity as it has an anti-inflammatory property which acts in relieving nervous insults and stress. .展开更多
The Standard Model of particle physics involves twelve fundamental fermions, treated as point particles, in four charge states. However, the Standard Model does not explain why only three fermions are in each charge s...The Standard Model of particle physics involves twelve fundamental fermions, treated as point particles, in four charge states. However, the Standard Model does not explain why only three fermions are in each charge state or account for neutrino mass. This holographic analysis treats charged Standard Model fermions as spheres with mass 0.187 g/cm<sup>2</sup> times their surface area, using the proportionality constant in the holographic relation between mass of the observable universe and event horizon radius. The analysis requires three Standard Model fermions per charge state and relates up quark and down quark masses to electron mass. Holographic analysis specifies electron mass, to six significant figures, in terms of fundamental constants α,ℏ,G,Λ and Ω Λ . Treating neutrinos as spheres and equating electron neutrino energy density with cosmic vacuum energy density predicts neutrino masses consistent with experiment.展开更多
Mass plays a role in many physical phenomena, including the behavior of subatomic particles, the formation and behavior of stars and galaxies, and gravitational interactions between objects. The density of vacuum, 9.5...Mass plays a role in many physical phenomena, including the behavior of subatomic particles, the formation and behavior of stars and galaxies, and gravitational interactions between objects. The density of vacuum, 9.5 × 10−27 kg/m3, is a crucial parameter in the theory of cosmic inflation and is responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe in its early stages. This vacuum energy interacts with matter and manifests itself as mass, which can be described as flow and vortex formation using the laws of hydrodynamics. The vortex model of elementary particles, in conjunction with the laws of hydrodynamics, provides an elegant explanation for the origin of mass and the relationship between mass and energy, with profound implications for the behavior of objects at high velocities and strong gravitational fields. The vacuum behaves as a compressible superfluid, thus elementary particles can be described as vortices of the vacuum. The equations of hydrodynamics for vortices can be applied to describe the nature and value of the mass of particles. The implications of understanding the nature of mass are vast and profound. From elucidating the fundamental properties of particles to informing the design of advanced materials and technologies, this knowledge is indispensable. It drives advancements across numerous fields, transforming both our theoretical understanding and practical capabilities. Continued research into the nature of mass promises to unlock further insights, fostering innovation and expanding the frontiers of science and technology.展开更多
The Dirac equation γ<sub>μ</sub>(δ<sub>μ</sub>-eA<sub>μ</sub>)Ψ=mc<sup>2</sup>Ψ describes the bound states of the electron under the action of external potentials...The Dirac equation γ<sub>μ</sub>(δ<sub>μ</sub>-eA<sub>μ</sub>)Ψ=mc<sup>2</sup>Ψ describes the bound states of the electron under the action of external potentials, A<sub>μ</sub>. We assumed that the fundamental form of the Dirac equation γ<sub>μ</sub>(δ<sub>μ</sub>-S<sub>μ</sub>)Ψ=0 should describe the stable particles (the electron, the proton and the dark-matter-particle (dmp)) bound to themselves under the action of their own potentials S<sub>μ</sub>. The new equation reveals that self energy is consequence of self action, it also reveals that the spin angular momentum is consequence of the dynamic structure of the stable particles. The quantitative results are the determination of their relative masses as well as the determination of the electromagnetic coupling constant.展开更多
The stem barks of Prunus africana are used in the treatment of the benign prostate. Cameroon is one of the important exporters of the barks. Despite the important measures adopted in Cameroon for sustaining its harves...The stem barks of Prunus africana are used in the treatment of the benign prostate. Cameroon is one of the important exporters of the barks. Despite the important measures adopted in Cameroon for sustaining its harvesting, some many chalenges still remain. The objective of this work is to refine the forest management parameters in relation to P. africana in the regions of Adamaoua and the South-West by developing a volume rate which makes it possible to estimate the production for a new stem. The work took place in two phases: in the South-West in 2010 and in Adamaoua in 2011. Data collection used the semi-direct method, while the cubing equation was deduced by the multiple linear regression method. Two models for volume estimation and three models for mass prediction were developed. The predictive parameters retained are diameter, height of the bole and thickness of the bark. Results show that the average mass of the dry bark for a given P. africana tree species is 27.55 ± 14.44 kg and this varies according to the site. The strong adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2) observed illustrates the reliability of the proposed models. These models provide a reliable tool that can be adopted as a standard in Cameroon for P. africana.展开更多
The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons,...The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons, & mesons) and their components (quarks), mass difference between nucleus and its individual components (protons and neutrons), massless of gamma photons, abnormal masses of mesons and bosons, and the excess in galaxy masses (dark matter). Also, this proposal shows the exact relation between mass and energy: Strong Potential=−3.04mc2| Electric Potential |=−5.57×10−3mc2Gravitational Potential=−1.22×10−7mc2where m represents the excess in mass due to strong potential, or gravitational potential and represents the decrease in mass due to electromagnetic potential. Released energy here equals potential energy and doesn’t equal decrease in mass using the formula E = mc2. Released energy is transferred to heat, photons, kinetic energy… Finally, proposal will try to describe the relation between photon energy and mass of its components using the general equation of kinetic energy: Photon Energy=1/2mc2m is the sum of the individual masses of its components, while the total mass of photon is zero.展开更多
In recent years, numerous theoretical tandem mass spectrometry prediction methods have been proposed, yet a systematic study and evaluation of their theoretical accuracy limits have not been conducted. If the accuracy...In recent years, numerous theoretical tandem mass spectrometry prediction methods have been proposed, yet a systematic study and evaluation of their theoretical accuracy limits have not been conducted. If the accuracy of current methods approaches this limit, further exploration of new prediction techniques may become redundant. Conversely, a need for more precise prediction methods or models may be indicated. In this study, we have experimentally analyzed the limits of accuracy at different numbers of ions and parameters using repeated spectral pairs and integrating various similarity metrics. Results show significant achievements in accuracy for backbone ion methods with room for improvement. In contrast, full-spectrum prediction methods exhibit greater potential relative to the theoretical accuracy limit. Additionally, findings highlight the significant impact of normalized collision energy and instrument type on prediction accuracy, underscoring the importance of considering these factors in future theoretical tandem mass spectrometry predictions.展开更多
超高层建筑是现代城市建设的重要标志之一,其高度已经超过了传统建筑的极限。然而,随着建筑高度不断增加,地震的破坏力也越来越强,超高层建筑面临着更加严峻的安全挑战。因此,研究超高层建筑防震支撑系统技术非常重要,Tuned Mass Damper...超高层建筑是现代城市建设的重要标志之一,其高度已经超过了传统建筑的极限。然而,随着建筑高度不断增加,地震的破坏力也越来越强,超高层建筑面临着更加严峻的安全挑战。因此,研究超高层建筑防震支撑系统技术非常重要,Tuned Mass Damper(TMD)是一种被广泛研究和应用的超高层建筑防震支撑系统技术,TMD最初是在20世纪60年代提出的,最早应用于桥梁上,后来,TMD被引入到建筑领域,并得到广泛的应用。通过精确调节质量、阻尼和弹性等参数来削弱地震引起的建筑物减震效应,从而减少了建筑物因地震造成的损害和崩塌的风险.展开更多
We constrain two dynamical dark energy models that are parametrized by the logarithm form of and the oscillating form of . Comparing with the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) model, the two parametrizations for dark e...We constrain two dynamical dark energy models that are parametrized by the logarithm form of and the oscillating form of . Comparing with the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) model, the two parametrizations for dark energy can explore the whole evolution history of the universe properly. Using the current mainstream observational data including the cosmic microwave background data and the baryon acoustic oscillation data as well as the type Ia supernovae data, we perform the X<sup>2</sup> statistic analysis to global fit these models, finding that the logarithm parametrization and the oscillating parameterization are almost as well as the CPL scenario in fitting these data. We make a comparison for the impacts of the dynamical dark energy on the cosmological constraints on the total mass of active neutrinos. We find that the logarithm parametrization and the oscillating parameterization can increase the fitting values of Σm<sub>v</sub>. Looser constraints on Σm<sub>v</sub> are obtained in the logarithm and oscillating models than those derived in the CPL model. Consideration of the possible mass ordering of neutrinos reveals that the most stringent constraint on Σm<sub>v</sub> appears in the degenerate hierarchy case.展开更多
建立一种基于美国官方分析化学师协会(Association of Official Analytical Chemists,AOAC)方法检测黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素含量的改进pH示差法。考察了黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素的最佳提取和检测条件,通过液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质...建立一种基于美国官方分析化学师协会(Association of Official Analytical Chemists,AOAC)方法检测黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素含量的改进pH示差法。考察了黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素的最佳提取和检测条件,通过液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法鉴别出黑果枸杞中花青素的具体化学结构,并计算出混合花青素的平均摩尔质量。通过分光光度法测得混合花青素的平均摩尔消光系数,对改进后的pH示差法进行方法学验证和花青素的含量测定。结果显示,最佳提取和检测条件如下:黑果枸杞花青素提取溶剂为盐酸-80%(体积分数)乙醇(3∶97,体积比),料液比为1∶100(g∶mL),提取温度为50℃,提取时间为30 min,缓冲溶液稀释5倍后静置平衡20 min。液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法鉴别黑果枸杞中主要以矮牵牛素类花青素为主(占97.96%),黑果枸杞特有的混合花青素平均摩尔质量为912.7 g/mol,平均摩尔消光系数为29591 L/(mol·cm)。pH示差法改进后能够满足方法学验证要求,固体样品和液体样品最低检出限分别为28.2 mg/100 g、0.282 mg/100 mL。方法改进后花青素提取增长率均大于20%,静置平衡20 min后单次检测结果精密度小于0.3%。以矮牵牛素类花青素代替矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷计算花青素含量平均提高了2.41倍,能真实地反映黑果枸杞及其制品中花青素的含量。展开更多
文摘Background and Aims: The study aims to explore the association between body composition and depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 41 age-matched indi-viduals (aged 11 - 30) as a non-depressive control group. The Department of Psychology at the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Na-tionalities recruited 27 depressive patients within the same age range. Bioelec-trical impedance analysis measured body composition, while SCL-90, SAS, and SDS were employed for depression diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between body composition and de-pression scores. Results: The Depression Group exhibited higher levels of fat mass (p Conclusion: Depression is associated with age, gender, and muscle mass in adolescents and young people. Proper exercise and a healthy diet can increase muscle mass, thereby reducing fat mass and, as a result, reducing the prevalence of depression.
文摘Introduction: On the 5<sup>th</sup> of June 2022, an incident of a mass attack following multiple gunshots and explosions occurred in a community in Ondo State Nigeria. This study aims to assess the mental health status of victims of the mass attack to guide further interventions among them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among victims of a mass attack in Owo community, Ondo State. A total of 209 affected victims were interviewed on socio-demographic characteristics, symptoms of anxiety (AD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), threat experienced, and mental health support received. A 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and 9-item Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) scale were used to assess the mental health status of the victims. A point was assigned to respondents who reported the symptoms of GAD, with a maximum score of 7 attained. For GAD, scores were categorized as follows: 1 - 2 as mild, 2 - 3 as minimal, 4 - 5 as moderate and 6 - 7 as severe. The PTSD symptoms were rated using a 5-point Likert scale response, and assigned the following points;4 = extremely, 3 = quite a bit, 2 = moderate, 1 = a little bit and 0 = not at all. From a maximum score of 36, participants with scores 18 and above were categorized as those with provisional PTSD. The independent samples t-test and correlational analysis were used to determine the association between PTSD score and other independent variables, with an alpha level of significance set at 0.05. Results: Generally, 38 (18.2%) of the respondents had severe AD. About half (89;42.6%) were categorized as those with provisional PTSD. The mean level of both AD (3.40 ± 2.26) and PTSD (16.51 ± 7.63) score is higher among those who were married compared to those not married (anxiety disorder;2.52 ± 2.20, P = 0.005 and PTSD;13.20 ± 8.86, P = 0.004). Respondents who have been counseled by a healthcare worker had a higher mean level (15.89 ± 7.58) of provisional PTSD compared to those not counseled by a healthcare worker (13.56 ± 9.22, P = 0.046). The level of PTSD score increased with a higher age group (r = 0.21, P = 0.003). Conclusions: The results show that the mass attack had psychological consequences among a high proportion of the victims, particularly, those married and in the older age groups. This suggests the need for continuous supportive counseling targeting these affected groups, and considering other factors moderating the effectiveness of counseling among them in future interventions.
文摘In this paper, the submicroscopic deterministic concept developed by the author is applied to the problem of the neutrino mass. A particle appears from space considered as a mathematical lattice of primary topological balls, and induces a deformation coat in its surrounding. The principles of the interaction of particles with space and through space between themselves are considered in detail. The approach states that real quarks possess only an integer charge (±e) and when moving they periodically change to the monopole state (⇄g) and hence, canonical particles are dynamic dyons. A neutrino emerges as a squeezed quark when it is in a monopole state, or in other words, the quark monopole state (a bubble in the tessellattice) is transferred to the appropriate lepton monopole state (a speck in the tessellattice). The self-mass (a “rest” mass) for each neutrino flavour is calculated. The calculated value of the self-mass for the electron anti-neutrino is 1.22873978 × 10<sup>-36</sup> kg = 0.68927247 eV/c<sup>2</sup>. The concept of neutrino oscillations is revised, and another postulation is proposed, namely, that the transition from lighter to heavier flavors is due to the inelastic scattering of neutrinos on oncoming scatterers. As a result, the neutrino captures the mass defect, becomes heavier, and therefore the transitions V<sub>e</sub>⟶V<sub>μ</sub> and V<sub>μ</sub>⟶V<sub>τ</sub> occur;thus, the number of light neutrinos decreases in the neutrino flux studied.
文摘Brazil annually faces significant challenges with mass movements, particularly in areas with poorly constructed housing, inadequate engineering, and lacking sanitation infrastructure. Campos do Jordão, in São Paulo state, is a city currently grappling with these issues. This paper details a study conducted within a pilot area in Campos do Jordão, where geophysical surveys and geotechnical borehole data were integrated. The geophysical surveys provided 2D profiles, and samples were collected to analyse soil moisture and plasticity. These datasets were combined using a Cokriging-based model to produce an accurate representation of the subsurface conditions. The enhanced modelling of subsurface variability facilitates a deeper understanding of soil behavior, which can be used to improve landslide risk assessments. This approach is innovative, particularly within the international context where similar studies often do not address the complexities associated with urban planning deficits such as those observed in some areas of Brazil. These conditions, including the lack of proper sanitation and irregular housing, significantly influence the geological stability of the region, adding layers of complexity to subsurface assessments. Adapting geotechnical evaluation methods to local challenges offers the potential to increase the efficacy and relevance of geological risk management in regions with similar socio-economic and urban characteristics.
文摘Background: The differential diagnosis for intracavitary cardiac masses is limited, typically including vegetations, tumors, or thrombi. Cardiac thrombi can often mimic cardiac tumors on imaging, creating a diagnostic challenge. Primary cardiac tumors are rare and usually benign, whereas most cardiac tumors result from metastases, commonly originating from malignancies in the breast, lung, or melanoma. Aim: This report highlights the importance of distinguishing various cardiac masses based on clinical presentations, clinical courses, and radiological features. Case Presentation: We describe two cases of cardiac masses with unique and diverse clinical features. Each case posed significant diagnostic challenges due to their distinct presentations and clinical progressions. Conclusion: These cases underscore the importance of considering both benign and metastatic origins in the differential diagnosis of intracavitary cardiac masses. Accurate differentiation between thrombi and tumors is crucial for appropriate management and treatment.
文摘Introduction: Carbai tunnel syndrome [CTS] is compression of the median nerve at the wrist , this causes tingling in the hands, pain, numbness, tingling in the fingers particularly the thumb, index and middle fingers, loss of sensation in the hands and fingers, also weakness in the hands. The aim of the present study was to study a possible association which could be found between electrophysiological data in CTS, BMI, hyperlipidemia, and vitamin D [Vit D] levels. Methods: We used a sample of 40 females of the same age group, who were divided into Group 1 as a control consists of 18 healthy females and Group II consisted of 22 age matched females with clinical and electrophysiological evidence of CTS. We measured atherogenic index [AI] as a marker of hyperlipidemia, body mass index [BMI], Vit D status and electrophysiological tests of CTS. Results: Subjects with CTS had deficient Vit D status, they had significantly high atherogenic index (AI), and significant high BMI all compared to control Group I. Median sensory conduction velocity was significantly correlated negatively with BMI and atherogenic index, and positively correlated significantly with Vit D status. But median sensory and motor action potential latency were significantly correlated positively with BMI and atherogenic index, and negatively correlated significantly with Vit D status The analysis revealed BMI, atherogenic index and Vit D status as predictors of median nerve sensory and motor action potential latency and sensory nerve conduction velocity in CTS. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that obesity and hyperlipidemia are potent CTS risk factors and declared the direct association between Vit D status and CTS occurrence. Our study supports the notion of the compensatory neuroprotective role of Vit D which could have a direct impact on the nerves integrity as it has an anti-inflammatory property which acts in relieving nervous insults and stress. .
文摘The Standard Model of particle physics involves twelve fundamental fermions, treated as point particles, in four charge states. However, the Standard Model does not explain why only three fermions are in each charge state or account for neutrino mass. This holographic analysis treats charged Standard Model fermions as spheres with mass 0.187 g/cm<sup>2</sup> times their surface area, using the proportionality constant in the holographic relation between mass of the observable universe and event horizon radius. The analysis requires three Standard Model fermions per charge state and relates up quark and down quark masses to electron mass. Holographic analysis specifies electron mass, to six significant figures, in terms of fundamental constants α,ℏ,G,Λ and Ω Λ . Treating neutrinos as spheres and equating electron neutrino energy density with cosmic vacuum energy density predicts neutrino masses consistent with experiment.
文摘Mass plays a role in many physical phenomena, including the behavior of subatomic particles, the formation and behavior of stars and galaxies, and gravitational interactions between objects. The density of vacuum, 9.5 × 10−27 kg/m3, is a crucial parameter in the theory of cosmic inflation and is responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe in its early stages. This vacuum energy interacts with matter and manifests itself as mass, which can be described as flow and vortex formation using the laws of hydrodynamics. The vortex model of elementary particles, in conjunction with the laws of hydrodynamics, provides an elegant explanation for the origin of mass and the relationship between mass and energy, with profound implications for the behavior of objects at high velocities and strong gravitational fields. The vacuum behaves as a compressible superfluid, thus elementary particles can be described as vortices of the vacuum. The equations of hydrodynamics for vortices can be applied to describe the nature and value of the mass of particles. The implications of understanding the nature of mass are vast and profound. From elucidating the fundamental properties of particles to informing the design of advanced materials and technologies, this knowledge is indispensable. It drives advancements across numerous fields, transforming both our theoretical understanding and practical capabilities. Continued research into the nature of mass promises to unlock further insights, fostering innovation and expanding the frontiers of science and technology.
文摘The Dirac equation γ<sub>μ</sub>(δ<sub>μ</sub>-eA<sub>μ</sub>)Ψ=mc<sup>2</sup>Ψ describes the bound states of the electron under the action of external potentials, A<sub>μ</sub>. We assumed that the fundamental form of the Dirac equation γ<sub>μ</sub>(δ<sub>μ</sub>-S<sub>μ</sub>)Ψ=0 should describe the stable particles (the electron, the proton and the dark-matter-particle (dmp)) bound to themselves under the action of their own potentials S<sub>μ</sub>. The new equation reveals that self energy is consequence of self action, it also reveals that the spin angular momentum is consequence of the dynamic structure of the stable particles. The quantitative results are the determination of their relative masses as well as the determination of the electromagnetic coupling constant.
文摘The stem barks of Prunus africana are used in the treatment of the benign prostate. Cameroon is one of the important exporters of the barks. Despite the important measures adopted in Cameroon for sustaining its harvesting, some many chalenges still remain. The objective of this work is to refine the forest management parameters in relation to P. africana in the regions of Adamaoua and the South-West by developing a volume rate which makes it possible to estimate the production for a new stem. The work took place in two phases: in the South-West in 2010 and in Adamaoua in 2011. Data collection used the semi-direct method, while the cubing equation was deduced by the multiple linear regression method. Two models for volume estimation and three models for mass prediction were developed. The predictive parameters retained are diameter, height of the bole and thickness of the bark. Results show that the average mass of the dry bark for a given P. africana tree species is 27.55 ± 14.44 kg and this varies according to the site. The strong adjusted coefficient of determination (adjusted R2) observed illustrates the reliability of the proposed models. These models provide a reliable tool that can be adopted as a standard in Cameroon for P. africana.
文摘The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons, & mesons) and their components (quarks), mass difference between nucleus and its individual components (protons and neutrons), massless of gamma photons, abnormal masses of mesons and bosons, and the excess in galaxy masses (dark matter). Also, this proposal shows the exact relation between mass and energy: Strong Potential=−3.04mc2| Electric Potential |=−5.57×10−3mc2Gravitational Potential=−1.22×10−7mc2where m represents the excess in mass due to strong potential, or gravitational potential and represents the decrease in mass due to electromagnetic potential. Released energy here equals potential energy and doesn’t equal decrease in mass using the formula E = mc2. Released energy is transferred to heat, photons, kinetic energy… Finally, proposal will try to describe the relation between photon energy and mass of its components using the general equation of kinetic energy: Photon Energy=1/2mc2m is the sum of the individual masses of its components, while the total mass of photon is zero.
文摘In recent years, numerous theoretical tandem mass spectrometry prediction methods have been proposed, yet a systematic study and evaluation of their theoretical accuracy limits have not been conducted. If the accuracy of current methods approaches this limit, further exploration of new prediction techniques may become redundant. Conversely, a need for more precise prediction methods or models may be indicated. In this study, we have experimentally analyzed the limits of accuracy at different numbers of ions and parameters using repeated spectral pairs and integrating various similarity metrics. Results show significant achievements in accuracy for backbone ion methods with room for improvement. In contrast, full-spectrum prediction methods exhibit greater potential relative to the theoretical accuracy limit. Additionally, findings highlight the significant impact of normalized collision energy and instrument type on prediction accuracy, underscoring the importance of considering these factors in future theoretical tandem mass spectrometry predictions.
文摘超高层建筑是现代城市建设的重要标志之一,其高度已经超过了传统建筑的极限。然而,随着建筑高度不断增加,地震的破坏力也越来越强,超高层建筑面临着更加严峻的安全挑战。因此,研究超高层建筑防震支撑系统技术非常重要,Tuned Mass Damper(TMD)是一种被广泛研究和应用的超高层建筑防震支撑系统技术,TMD最初是在20世纪60年代提出的,最早应用于桥梁上,后来,TMD被引入到建筑领域,并得到广泛的应用。通过精确调节质量、阻尼和弹性等参数来削弱地震引起的建筑物减震效应,从而减少了建筑物因地震造成的损害和崩塌的风险.
文摘We constrain two dynamical dark energy models that are parametrized by the logarithm form of and the oscillating form of . Comparing with the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) model, the two parametrizations for dark energy can explore the whole evolution history of the universe properly. Using the current mainstream observational data including the cosmic microwave background data and the baryon acoustic oscillation data as well as the type Ia supernovae data, we perform the X<sup>2</sup> statistic analysis to global fit these models, finding that the logarithm parametrization and the oscillating parameterization are almost as well as the CPL scenario in fitting these data. We make a comparison for the impacts of the dynamical dark energy on the cosmological constraints on the total mass of active neutrinos. We find that the logarithm parametrization and the oscillating parameterization can increase the fitting values of Σm<sub>v</sub>. Looser constraints on Σm<sub>v</sub> are obtained in the logarithm and oscillating models than those derived in the CPL model. Consideration of the possible mass ordering of neutrinos reveals that the most stringent constraint on Σm<sub>v</sub> appears in the degenerate hierarchy case.