基于FACET滤波加权局部对比度的红外小目标检测

针对低空复杂背景下红外图像中目标与背景对比度低、边缘高亮的问题,提出一种基于FACET滤波加权局部对比度的红外小目标检测算法。首先,通过FACET滤波运算获取目标候选像素;然后,利用目标区域和背景区域灰度差异的比率计算局部对比度,同时基于目标和背景的异质性设计了一种加权函数,用来增强目标显著性和抑制背景;最后,通过自适应阈值分割提取真实的目标。在5组真实红外小目标图像数据集上与不同的算法进行性能比较分析,实验结果表明,提出的算法在不同低空复杂场景中具有较好的检测性能。

SnO_(2)(110)/FAPbBrI_(2)(001)界面电子结构与光学性质的第一性原理研究

通过基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理对SnO_(2)(110)/FAPbBrI_(2)(001)界面的电子结构及光学性质进行了研究。FAPbBrI_(2)是带隙值为1.58 eV的直接带隙半导体材料,通过构建SnO_(2)(110)和FAPbBrI_(2)(001)的界面模型,发现其晶格失配率为4.28%,界面结合能为-0.116 eV/A^(2),说明此界面结构可以稳定存在。通过态密度(DOS)分析SnO_(2)(110)/FAPbBrI_(2)(001)界面的电子结构,发现了主要由界面处O_(2)p、I 5p、Br 4p、Pb 6p轨道电子杂化形成的界面态。差分电荷密度及Bader电荷分析结果说明在界面处存在明显的电荷转移,这促进了界面处原子之间的成键,提高了界面稳定性。同时,有效的电荷分离也使SnO_(2)(110)/FAPbBrI_(2)(001)界面的光吸收系数相比于SnO_(2)(110)表面和FAPbBrI_(2)(001)表面有了明显提升。

D001型阳离子交换树脂吸附锂的性能研究

目的为了满足锂电池发展对锂需求量的快速增长需求,需要从盐湖卤水中开发一种低成本高效益且环保的方法。方法以D001为吸附剂,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N2吸附脱附曲线对其结构进行表征,采用静态吸附试验研究了D001投加量、溶液pH、吸附时间和溶液初始浓度等因素对D001吸附锂的性能影响。结果在pH为2~8时,D001对锂具有较高的吸附容量,在pH为8时,D001对锂的吸附容量最大,达到11.9mg/g,其吸附实验数据更符合准二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温吸附模型。在循环5次后,D001对锂的吸附容量可以稳定在11.0mg/g以上,但溶液中Mg^(2+)的存在对D001吸附锂有一定的负面影响。根据X射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果,分析了D001吸附锂的吸附机制,主要受到N和O影响,发生络合反应。结论D001对锂具有一定的吸附能力,且循环性能稳定。

Photocatalytic Activity of Hierarchical Flower-Like TiO_(2) Superstructures with Dominant {001} Facets

The fabrication of well defined hierarchical structures of anatase TiO_(2) with a high percentage of reactive facets is of great importance and challenging.Hierarchically flower-like TiO_(2) superstructures(HFTS)self-assembled from anatase TiO_(2) nanosheets with exposed{001}facets(up to 87%)were synthesized by a simple alcohothermal strategy in a HF-H_(2)O-C_(2)H_(5)OH mixed solution using titanate nanotubes as precursor.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms.The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the photocatalytic oxidation decomposition of acetone in air and methyl orange in aqueous solution under UV illumination.The photocatalytic activity of HFTS was much higher than that of commercial Degussa P25 and tabular-shaped anatase TiO_(2) obtained using pure water as the synthesis medium.The enhancement in photocatalytic activity was related to several factors,including the hierarchically porous structure,exposed{001}facets,and increased light harvesting ability.The HFTS was also of interest for use in solar cells,photocatalytic H_(2) production,optoelectronic devices,sensors,and catalysis.

Prolonging charge-separation states by doping lanthanide-ions into {001}/{101} facets-coexposed TiO_(2) nanosheets for enhancing photocatalytic H_(2) evolution

Ultrathin TiO_(2)nanosheets with coexposed{001}/{101}facets have attracted considerable attention because of their high photocatalytic activity.However,the charge-separated states in the TiO_(2)nanosheets must be extended to further enhance their photocatalytic activity for H_(2)evolution.Herein,we present a successful attempt to selectively dope lanthanide ions into the{101}facets of ultrathin TiO_(2)nanosheets with coexposed{001}/{101}facets through a facile one-step solvothermal method.The lanthanide doping slightly extended the light-harvesting region and markedly improved the charge-separated states of the TiO_(2)nanosheets as evidenced by UV-vis absorption and steady-state/transient photoluminescence spectra.Upon simulated sunlight irradiation,we observed a 4.2-fold enhancement in the photocatalytic H_(2)evolution activity of optimal Yb^(3+)-doped TiO_(2)nanosheets compared to that of their undoped counterparts.Furthermore,when Pt nanoparticles were used as cocatalysts to reduce the H_(2)overpotential in this system,the photocatalytic activity enhancement factor increased to 8.5.By combining these results with those of control experiments,we confirmed that the extended charge-separated states play the main role in the enhancement of the photocatalytic H_(2)evolution activity of lanthanide-doped TiO_(2)nanosheets with coexposed{001}/{101}facets.

One-step synthesized SO_4^(2-)-TiO_2 with exposed(001) facets and its application in selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH_3

A sample of sulfated anatase TiO2 with high‐energy(001)facets(TiO2‐001)was prepared by a simple one‐step hydrothermal route using SO42-as a morphology‐controlling agent.After doping ceria,Ce/TiO2‐001 was used as the catalyst for selective catalytic reduction(SCR)of NO with NH3.Compared with Ce/P25(Degussa P25 TiO2)and Ce/P25‐S(sulfated P25)catalysts,Ce/TiO2‐001 was more suitable for medium‐and high‐temperature SCR of NO due to the high surface area,sulfation,and the excellent properties of the active‐energy(001)facets.All of these facilitated the generation of abundant acidity,chemisorbed oxygen,and activated NOx‐adsorption species,which were the important factors for the SCR reaction.

Synthesis and Optimization of TiO_(2)/Graphene with Exposed {001} Facets Based on Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Response surface methodology(RSM)was employed to optimize the control parameters of TiO_(2)/graphene with exposed{001}facets during synthesis,and its enhanced photocatalytic activities were evaluated in the photodegradation of toluene.Experimental results were in good agreement with the predicted results obtained using RSM with a correlation coefficient(R^(2))of 0.9345.When 22.06 mg of graphite oxide(GO)and 2.09 mL of hydrofluoric acid(HF)were added and a hydrothermal time of 28 h was used,a maximum efficiency in the degradation of toluene was achieved.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the obtained hybrid photocatalyst.The electron transferred between Ti and C retarded the combination of electron–hole pairs and hastened the transferring of electrons,which enhanced the photocatalytic activity.

In-situ assembly of TiO2 with high exposure of(001)facets on three-dimensional porous graphene aerogel for lithium-sulfur battery

Resulting from the development of electric vehicles,high energy-density Li-S batteries have recently attracted ever-increasing attentions worldwide.However,continuous dissolution of cathodic sulfur and followed shuttle effect of polysulfides lead to very limited service lifetime for currently-applied Li-S batteries.Herein,a 3 D porous graphene aerogel(GA)decorated with high exposure of anatase TiO2(001)nanoplatelets is proposed as robust host to immobilize cathodic sulfur.Compared with commonly used TiO2(101)nanoparticles,the Ti O2(001)nanoplatelets have highly matched lattices with graphene(002)nanosheets,thus facilitating the electronic transfer.The in-site assembled TiO2@GA host exhibits superior sulfur-immobilized capability,which cannot only entrap sulfur by physical confinement,but also capture dissoluble sulfurous species by chemical bonding.The fabricated S@TiO2@GA cathode shows excellent electrochemical performance with high discharge capacity,superior rate capability,and durable cycling stability as well,supposed to be a promising cathode for high-performance Li-S battery applications.

Surface Modification of (001) Facets Dominated TiO2 with Ozone for Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Toluene

This study investigated the positive effect of surface modification with ozone on the photocatalytic performance of anatase TiO2 with dominated（001） facets for toluene degradation.The performance of photocatalyst was tested on a home-made volatile organic compounds degradation system. The ozone modification, toluene adsorption and degradation mechanism were established by a combination of various characterization methods, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculation.The surface modification with ozone can significantly enhance the photocatalytic degradation performance for toluene. The abundant unsaturated coordinated 5 c-Ti sites on（001）facets act as the adsorption sites for ozone. The formed Ti–O bonds reacted with H2O to generate a large amount of isolated Ti5 c-OH which act as the adsorption sites for toluene,and thus significantly increase the adsorption capacity for toluene. The outstanding photocatalytic performance of ozone-modified TiO2 is due to its high adsorption ability for toluene and the abundant surface hydroxyl groups, which produce very reactive OH·radicals under irradiation. Furthermore, the O2 generated via ozone dissociation could combine with the photogenerated electrons to form superoxide radicals which are also conductive to the toluene degradation.

长链非编码RNAMMP12-001对胆囊癌细胞生物学行为的影响及机制

目的探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)MMP12-001在胆囊癌(GBC)细胞中的表达及对GBC细胞生物学行为的影响。方法采用qRT-PCR法检测lncRNA MMP12-001在GBC癌组织、癌旁组织、GBC细胞株及胆囊上皮细胞中的相对表达量。采用RNA核质分离实验确定lncRNA MMP12-001的亚细胞定位。构建特异性靶向lncRNA MMP12-001的沉默序列及过表达慢病毒载体,分别转染多株GBC细胞株。通过细胞存活率检测、克隆形成实验分析细胞增殖能力的变化。采用Transwell实验观察细胞迁移、侵袭能力的变化。通过RNA互作蛋白拉下实验结合蛋白质谱、RNA结合蛋白免疫共沉淀(RIP)方法筛选lncRNA MMP12-001在GBC中的相互作用蛋白。结果qRT-PCR结果显示癌组织及GBC细胞株中lncRNA MMP12-001相对表达量显著高于癌旁组织和胆囊上皮细胞。RNA核质分离实验发现lncRNA MMP12-001主要位于细胞质内。过表达lncRNA MMP12-001明显促进GBC细胞的增殖、克隆形成、迁移和侵袭能力,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。沉默lncRNA MMP12-001表达则导致相反的结果(均P<0.05)。RNA互作蛋白拉下实验结合蛋白质谱鉴定结果显示lncRNA MMP12-001在GBC中可与去乙酰化酶沉默调节蛋白3(SIRT3)直接结合。SIRT3 RIP实验也发现SIRT3能够富集lncRNA MMP12-001。结论lncRNA MMP12-001能够促进胆囊癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。

Pt/TiO_(2) Nanosheets Array Dominated by {001} Facets with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

{001}facets dominated single crystalline anatase TiO_(2) nanosheet array(TNSA)was synthe-sized through an optimized organic solvothermal route on uorine-doped tin oxide substrate.The field emission scanning electron microscopy images and X-ray diffraction patterns re-vealed that the{001}synthesized facets dominated TNSA exhibited much higher orientation than that synthesized by hydrothermal route.The TNSAs were loaded with Pt nanoparti-cles in uniformly size by using a photodecomposition method,which were further con rmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM).The HRTEM images also revealed that Pt nanoparticles preferred to deposit on{001}facets.With loading of Pt nanoparticles,the optical absorbance was significantly enhanced,while the photolumines-cence(PL)was inhibited.The photocatalytic activity of TNSA was signi cantly improved by Pt loading and reached the maximum with optimal amount of Pt loading.The optimal amount of Pt on{001}facets is far less than that on TiO_(2) nanoparticles,which may be attributed to the specific atom structure of reactive{001}facets.

不同浓度ZKY001滴眼液治疗原发性翼状胬肉切除术后角膜上皮缺损的疗效

目的:探究不同浓度ZKY001滴眼液治疗原发性翼状胬肉切除术后角膜上皮缺损的有效性和安全性。方法:本研究为多中心、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的Ⅱ期临床研究。选取2022-03-15/11-14全国12家三甲医院原发性翼状胬肉术后患者,采用区组随机化的方法按照1∶1∶1比例将患者178例178眼随机分为三组:安慰剂组(给予ZKY001模拟滴眼液治疗)60例60眼,0.002%ZKY001滴眼液组59例59眼,0.004%ZKY001滴眼液组59例59眼。各组患者接受研究药物每次1滴,每天4次,使用4 d。观察各组患者在不同时间点的角膜上皮缺损面积较基线改善百分比,角膜上皮缺损区首次完全愈合时间,角膜上皮缺损首次愈合人数,眼部不适(眼痛、异物感、畏光、流泪)等视觉模拟量表评分变化。结果:三组患者角膜上皮缺损首次愈合时间、在不同的随访点三组角膜上皮缺损面积较基线改善百分比、首次愈合人数百分比均无差异(均P>0.05)。但从数值上看,0.002%ZKY001组(67.87±21.688 h)、0.004%ZKY001组(61.48±22.091 h)角膜上皮缺损首次愈合时间较安慰剂组短(68.85±20.851 h)。在D1上午,0.004%ZKY001滴眼液组的角膜缺损面积较基线改善的百分比与安慰剂组的数值差值达到最大,且在后续的随访点保持着数值差值的优势。试验组在不同随访点的角膜上皮缺损区首次愈合人数较安慰剂组多。眼部不适改善方面:试验组较安慰剂组的VAS评分总分值降低多,以异物感评分、疼痛感评分降低为主,在D3时0.004%ZKY001滴眼液组对异物感的改善明显优于其他两组(P<0.017)。安全性方面:总体不良事件发生率低(9.0%),且三组间相似。结论:原发性翼状胬肉术后使用ZKY001滴眼液可改善角膜上皮缺损修复,改善术后因角膜上皮缺损引起的不适症状且安全性良好。

鼠李糖乳杆菌HN001菌株水平快速定量方法的建立及应用

目的应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction,qPCR),建立鼠李糖乳杆菌HN001菌株水平的快速定量检测方法。方法通过比对鼠李糖乳杆菌HN001的近缘菌株的基因组,筛选出鼠李糖乳杆菌HN001菌株水平的特异基因,以菌株水平的特异基因为靶标设计引物及探针,优化反应体系和条件,建立鼠李糖乳杆菌HN001株水平的qPCR检测方法。对方法的特异性、灵敏度、检出限进行验证,并采用已建立的qPCR方法进行模拟添加样品和实际样品的检测。结果所建立的方法特异性强,与近缘菌株无交叉反应,鼠李糖乳杆菌HN001纯培养液检出限为10^(2)CFU/mL,灵敏度可达到650 copies/μL,可在2 h内完成样品检测。对模拟添加样品以及实际样品检测中qPCR和平板计数法结果的对数值进行显著性分析检验,两种方法的测定值结果均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论本研究建立的qPCR检测方法可有效应用于益生菌产品中鼠李糖乳杆菌HN001菌株水平定量检测,具有快速、灵敏、准确的特点。

{001}晶面暴露的TiO_(2)空心微米球的合成及其在钠离子电池中的性能

二氧化钛基材料是一种极具应用潜力的钠离子动力电池负极材料。为满足人们对钠离子电池性能日益高涨的要求,研发出具有更高的能量密度及更长的使用寿命的二氧化钛基负极材料对钠离子电池的开发和产业化具有促进作用。本论文研究采用氟化铵作为形貌调控剂,硫酸钛为原料,合成出具有暴露{001}晶面的二氧化钛空心微球。空心微球结构产生于奥斯瓦尔德熟化过程,氟化铵在二氧化钛空心微球结构形成过程中起着不可或缺的作用。合成的二氧化钛空心微球结构球具有较高的首次放电容量和较高的库伦效率,是一种很好的负极材料基体。

朝天椒新品种黔研001的选育

黔研001是以自交系CZLB2009-4为母本,以HB32为父本配制而成的一代杂种。中熟,株型半直立,果实羊角形,平均果长7.2 cm,单果质量6.7 g,单株结果数122.8个。青熟果深绿色,老熟果鲜红色,定植至商品青果始收约43 d(天)。田间对白粉病、炭疽病、病毒病的抗性强于对照单生理想52,每667 m^(2)鲜红椒产量1600 kg左右,适宜贵州地区春季种植。

Facet-engineered growth of non-layered 2D manganese chalcogenides

Non-layered two-dimensional(2D)materials have sparked much interest recently due to their atomic thickness,large surface area,thickness-and facet-dependent properties.Currently,these materials are mainly grown from wet-chemistry methods but suffer from small size,low quality,and multi-facets,which is a major challenge hindering their facet-dependent property studies and applications.Here,we report the facet-engineered growth(FEG)of non-layered 2D manganese chalcogenides(MnX,X=S,Se,Te)based on the chemical vapor deposition method.The as-grown samples exhibit large-area surfaces of single facet,high-crystallinity,and ordered domain orientation.As a proof-of-concept,we show the facet-dependent electrocatalytic property of non-layered 2D MnSe,proving they are ideal candidates for fundamental research.Furthermore,we elucidate the underlying mechanism of FEG during the vapor growth process by the interfacial energy derived nucleation models.The method developed in this work provides new opportunities for regulating and designing the structure of 2D materials.

Optical facet coatings for high-performance LWIR quantum cascade lasers atλ∼8.5μm

We report on the performance improvement of long-wave infrared quantum cascade lasers(LWIR QCLs)by studying and optimizing the anti-reflection(AR)optical facet coating.Compared to the Al2O3 AR coat⁃ing,the Y_(2)O_(3)AR coating exhibits higher catastrophic optical mirror damage(COMD)level,and the optical facet coatings of both material systems have no beam steering effect.A 3-mm-long,9.5-μm-wide buried-heterostruc⁃ture(BH)LWIR QCL ofλ~8.5μm with Y_(2)O_(3)metallic high-reflection(HR)and AR of~0.2%reflectivity coating demonstrates a maximum pulsed peak power of 2.19 W at 298 K,which is 149%higher than that of the uncoated device.For continuous-wave(CW)operation,by optimizing the reflectivity of the Y_(2)O_(3)AR coating,the maximum output power reaches 0.73 W,which is 91%higher than that of the uncoated device.

F-doped orthorhombic Nb_(2)O_(5) exposed with 97% (100) facet for fast reversible Liþ-Intercalation

Orthorhombic Nb_(2)O_(5)(T-Nb_(2)O_(5))is attractive for fast-charging Li-ion batteries,but it is still hard to realize rapid charge transfer kinetics for Li-ion storage.Herein,F-doped T-Nb_(2)O_(5) microflowers(F-Nb_(2)O_(5))are rationally synthesized through topotactic conversion.Specifically,F-Nb_(2)O_(5) are assembled by single-crystal nanoflakes with nearly 97%exposed(100)facet,which maximizes the exposure of the feasible Li^(+)transport pathways along loosely packed 4g atomic layers to the electrolytes,thus effectively enhancing the Li^(+)-intercalation performance.Besides,the band gap of F-Nb_(2)O_(5) is reduced to 2.87 eV due to the doping of F atoms,leading to enhanced electrical conductivity.The synergetic effects between tailored exposed crystal facets,F-doping,and ultrathin building blocks,speed up the Li^(+)/electron transfer kinetics and improve the pseudocapacitive properties of F-Nb_(2)O_(5).Therefore,F-Nb_(2)O_(5) exhibit superior rate capability(210.8 and 164.9 mAh g^(-1) at 1 and 10 C,respectively)and good long-term 10 C cycling performance(132.7 mAh g^(-1) after 1500 cycles).

Surface deterioration dependent on the crystal facets of spinel LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4) cathode active material

The spinel LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)(LNMO)cathode active materials(CAMs)are considered a promising alternative to commercially available cathodes such as layered and polyanion oxide cathodes,primarily due to their notable safety and high energy density,particularly in their single-crystal type.Nevertheless,the industrial application of the LNMO CAMs is severely inhibited due to the interfacial deterioration and corrosion under proton-rich and high-voltage conditions.This study successfully designed and synthesized two typical types of crystal facets-exposed single-crystal LNMO CAMs.By tracking the electrochemical deterioration and chemical corrosion evolution,this study elucidates the surface degradation mechanisms and intrinsic instability of the LNMO,contingent upon their crystal facets.The(111)facet,due to its elevated surface energy,is found to be more susceptible to external attack compared to the(100)and(110)facets.Our study highlights the electrochemical corrosion stability of crystal plane engineering for spinel LNMO CAMs.

Facet effects on bimetallic ZnSn hydroxide microcrystals for selective electrochemical CO_(2)reduction

Employing crystal facets to regulate the catalytic properties in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)has been well demonstrated on electrocatalysts containing single metals but rarely explored for bimetallic systems.Here,we synthesize ZnSn(OH)_(6)(ZSO)microcrystals(MCs)with distinct facets and investigate the facet effects in eCO_(2)RR.Electrochemical studies and in situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(in situ-FTIR)reveal that ZSO MCs produce mainly C1 products of HCOOH and CO.The{111}facet of the ZSO MCS exhibits higher selectivity and faradaic efficiency(FE)than that of the{100}facet over a wide range of potentials(-0.9 V∼-1.3 V versus RHE).Density Functional Theory(DFT)calculations elucidate that the{111}facet is favorable to the adsorption/activation of CO_(2)molecules,the formation of intermediate in the rate-determining step,and the desorption of C1 products of CO and HCOOH molecules.