Substituting bleached CTMP (BCTMP) for chemical pulps, such as bleached hardwood kraft pulp in many paper grades is in rising demand for reducing cost and improving product performance. In this paper we investigated t...Substituting bleached CTMP (BCTMP) for chemical pulps, such as bleached hardwood kraft pulp in many paper grades is in rising demand for reducing cost and improving product performance. In this paper we investigated the effect of substituting aspen BCTMP for hardwood kraft pulp (varying from 10% to 30%) on product performance of light weight coated paper. The results show that the tensile index increases and other strength properties are essentially unchanged as the substitution level increases. With the increased BCTMP substitution level, the surface roughness of base sheets increases slightly, while coating coverage of base sheets is not affected significantly. The increased BCTMP substitution results in an increase in porosity of the base sheets, but does not change the average pore diameter. Increasing BCTMP substitution level leads to a slight decrease in gloss and an increase in surface roughness of the coated paper, however the latter can be compensated by a higher nip load calendering.展开更多
利用2007-2009年Cloud Sat卫星云廓线雷达(nadir-pointing cloud profiling radar,CPR)资料,气象、电离层和气候卫星联合观测系统(Global Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate,COSMIC)掩星资料,分...利用2007-2009年Cloud Sat卫星云廓线雷达(nadir-pointing cloud profiling radar,CPR)资料,气象、电离层和气候卫星联合观测系统(Global Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate,COSMIC)掩星资料,分析了不同类型云内COSMIC掩星资料与欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)和美国国家环境预报中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction,NCEP)分析场之间的折射率偏差特征。COSMIC与ECMWF和NCEP之间的折射率偏差分别用Nbias^(ECMWF)和Nbias^(NCEP)表示。研究发现,Nbias^(ECMWF)在积云、层积云、高积云和高层云中的最大值分别为1.2%、0.2%、0.5%和0.2%,而Nbias^(NCEP)则分别为1.8%、0.5%、0.5%和0.4%。在层积云的对流层下层Nbias^(NCEP)存在较大的负值,而Nbias^(ECMWF)为正值。折射率的正偏差随着液态水含量增加而增加。从全球分布来看,赤道辐合带云量丰富,Nbias^(NCEP)和Nbias^(ECMWF)也存在明显的正偏差,它在空间上和水汽的正偏差以及温度的负偏差高度相关。展开更多
文摘Substituting bleached CTMP (BCTMP) for chemical pulps, such as bleached hardwood kraft pulp in many paper grades is in rising demand for reducing cost and improving product performance. In this paper we investigated the effect of substituting aspen BCTMP for hardwood kraft pulp (varying from 10% to 30%) on product performance of light weight coated paper. The results show that the tensile index increases and other strength properties are essentially unchanged as the substitution level increases. With the increased BCTMP substitution level, the surface roughness of base sheets increases slightly, while coating coverage of base sheets is not affected significantly. The increased BCTMP substitution results in an increase in porosity of the base sheets, but does not change the average pore diameter. Increasing BCTMP substitution level leads to a slight decrease in gloss and an increase in surface roughness of the coated paper, however the latter can be compensated by a higher nip load calendering.
文摘利用2007-2009年Cloud Sat卫星云廓线雷达(nadir-pointing cloud profiling radar,CPR)资料,气象、电离层和气候卫星联合观测系统(Global Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate,COSMIC)掩星资料,分析了不同类型云内COSMIC掩星资料与欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)和美国国家环境预报中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction,NCEP)分析场之间的折射率偏差特征。COSMIC与ECMWF和NCEP之间的折射率偏差分别用Nbias^(ECMWF)和Nbias^(NCEP)表示。研究发现,Nbias^(ECMWF)在积云、层积云、高积云和高层云中的最大值分别为1.2%、0.2%、0.5%和0.2%,而Nbias^(NCEP)则分别为1.8%、0.5%、0.5%和0.4%。在层积云的对流层下层Nbias^(NCEP)存在较大的负值,而Nbias^(ECMWF)为正值。折射率的正偏差随着液态水含量增加而增加。从全球分布来看,赤道辐合带云量丰富,Nbias^(NCEP)和Nbias^(ECMWF)也存在明显的正偏差,它在空间上和水汽的正偏差以及温度的负偏差高度相关。
