The present work is concerned with a two-dimensional(2D)Stokes flow through a channel bounded by two parallel solid walls.The distance between the walls may be arbitrary,and the surface of one of the walls can be arbi...The present work is concerned with a two-dimensional(2D)Stokes flow through a channel bounded by two parallel solid walls.The distance between the walls may be arbitrary,and the surface of one of the walls can be arbitrarily rough.The main objective of this work consists in homogenizing the heterogeneous interface between the rough wall and fluid so as to obtain an equivalent smooth slippery fluid/solid interface characterized by an effective slip length.To solve the corresponding problem,two efficient numerical approaches are elaborated on the basis of the method of fundamental solution(MFS)and the boundary element methods(BEMs).They are applied to different cases where the fluid/solid interface is periodically or randomly rough.The results obtained by the proposed two methods are compared with those given by the finite element method and some relevant ones reported in the literature.This comparison shows that the two proposed methods are particularly efficient and accurate.展开更多
Objective causing mutation in a Marfan syndrome(MFS)family with a proband,and to establish genotype-phenotype correlations.Methods Genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes of a Chinese Marfan syndrome familial wer...Objective causing mutation in a Marfan syndrome(MFS)family with a proband,and to establish genotype-phenotype correlations.Methods Genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes of a Chinese Marfan syndrome familial were isolated and screened for fibrillin-1(FBN1)mutations by direct sequencing,and a genotypephenotype study was carried out following a review of the literature on mutations in the searched area.展开更多
A total of four times of rhabdosome complication events, i. e., the lateralbranching of graptolite stipes during the Late Middle Ordovician, the secondary branching ofgraptolite stipes at the earliest Upper Ordovician...A total of four times of rhabdosome complication events, i. e., the lateralbranching of graptolite stipes during the Late Middle Ordovician, the secondary branching ofgraptolite stipes at the earliest Upper Ordovician, the early Qiantangjiangian of Upper Ordovicianand the middle Qian-tangjiangian, respectively, is discussed in this paper. These events and otheradaptation events demonstrate close relationships between a diverse graptolite fauna and sea levelchanges, and consequently can be employed to study sea level fluctuations. It is safe to concludethat the complication of rhabdosome started at the maximum flooding surface (MFS) and terminated atthe beginning of regression.展开更多
Marfan syndrome (MFS)(OMIM 154700) is a relatively common autosomal dominant genetic disease that causes skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular defects and was first described by a French pediatrician in 1896 (Bitterman...Marfan syndrome (MFS)(OMIM 154700) is a relatively common autosomal dominant genetic disease that causes skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular defects and was first described by a French pediatrician in 1896 (Bitterman and Sponseller, 2017). Its prevalence rate is 1/3000—1/5000, and more than 25% of cases are sporadic (Chiu et al., 2014). Studies have shown that about 90% of MFS is caused by variants in the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1, OMIM 134797). FBN1, located on chromosome 15q21.1, encodes a macromolecular glycoprotein-fibrin 1, which aggregates to form microfibers in the extracellular matrix and distributes in various human connective tissues, such as periosteum, vessel wall, and crystal suspensor ligament. Variants in FNB1 have been reported in 65 exons, but the relationship between genotype and phenotype remains rather unclear (Sakai et al., 2016). Studies have also shown that patients with MFS and similar diseases may have variants in other related genes such as members of the transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFBR) family (Mizuguchi et al., 2004;Sakai et al., 2006;Bolar et al., 2012;De Cario et al., 2018). For better prevention and treatment of MFS as well as for suspected MFS patients, there is a strong need for efficient genetic testing for early diagnosis and differential diagnoses of patients with related phenotypes (Aubart et al., 2018).展开更多
Based on the existing cumulus convective parameterization schemes,a mass flux scheme (MFS)for cumulus convective parameterization has been successfully developed by reference to the work of Chen et al.(1996).The MFS i...Based on the existing cumulus convective parameterization schemes,a mass flux scheme (MFS)for cumulus convective parameterization has been successfully developed by reference to the work of Chen et al.(1996).The MFS is a comprehensive scheme.In MFS,not only the importance of the large-scale moisture convergence is taken into account,but also it includes the cumulus updrafts and downdrafts,cumulus-induced subsidence in the environmental air. entrainment,detrainment and evaporation.The interaction between the cumulus and the environment is described by using a one-dimensional bulk model.At the same time the scheme includes the penetrative and shallow convections. The MFS has been successfully incorporated into the regional climate model RegCM2 developed by NCAR.The new model has been applied to simulate summer monsoon characteristics and their variations of heavy rainfall process in the Changjiang-Huaihe River Basins for three months from May to July 1991.The results show that the new model can successfully simulate this rainfall prolonged process.By comparising the model outputs of RegCM2.using the Kuo scheme and the MFS.it is found that the MFS is better in simulating the surface temperature,rainfall position and amount,and rainfall duration.展开更多
By comparison of simulated cumulus convection processes in RegCM2,using the Kuo scheme, the Grell scheme and the mass flux scheme (MFS),it is found that the MFS can simulate the cumulus heating and moistening very wel...By comparison of simulated cumulus convection processes in RegCM2,using the Kuo scheme, the Grell scheme and the mass flux scheme (MFS),it is found that the MFS can simulate the cumulus heating and moistening very well.A series of sensitivity tests show that the parameters for specifying the conversion coefficient from cloud droplets to raindrops,the turbulent entrainment and detrainment rates in updrafts anddowndrafts,and the intensity of thedowndrafts have different degrees of influence upon the cumulus convection.Therefore.it is quite important for cumulus parameterization scheme to define these parameters as accurately as possible.展开更多
A new subtropical front near the periphery of the West Pacific subtropical anticyclone is found,which is never revealed in previous studies.The coupling of the subtropical front and Meiyu front forms a Meiyu front sys...A new subtropical front near the periphery of the West Pacific subtropical anticyclone is found,which is never revealed in previous studies.The coupling of the subtropical front and Meiyu front forms a Meiyu front system (MFS) and is the most direct synoptic system for the Meiyu precipitation along the Mid-lower Reaches of Yangtze River (MRYR) in China.In this paper.The detailed structural features and cloud features of the MFS in 1998 and 1999 are analyzed,which manifests that the MFS is an objective phenomenon over the period of Meiyu along MRYR and the Southwest Japan.Generally.the subtropical front is mainly located between 850 hPa and 500 hPa.The moist southwest monsoon is transported in the passageway between the Meiyu front and the subtropical front.The vertical motion ascends in the passageway and descends on both sides of the MFS.forming the MFS's secondary circulation.A lower TBB band indicated that obvious convective activities are also located in the passageway of MFS.The horizontal wind of MFS is vertically asymmetric.展开更多
A novel panel-free approach based on the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) is proposed to solve the potential flow for predicting ship motion responses in the frequency domain according to strip theory. Compared w...A novel panel-free approach based on the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) is proposed to solve the potential flow for predicting ship motion responses in the frequency domain according to strip theory. Compared with the conventional boundary element method (BEM), MFS is a desingularized, panel-free and integration-free approach. As a result, it is mathematically simple and easy for programming. The velocity potential is described by radial basis function (RBF) approximations and any degree of continuity of the velocity potential gradient can be obtained. Desingularization is achieved through collating singularities on a pseudo boundary outside the real fluid domain. Practical implementation and numerical characteristics of the MFS for solving the potential flow problem concerning ship hydrodynamics are elaborated through the computation of a 2D rectangular section. Then, the current method is further integrated with frequency domain strip theory to predict the heave and pitch responses of a containership and a very large crude carrier (VLCC) in regular head waves. The results of both ships agree well with the 3D frequency domain panel method and experimental data. Thus, the correctness and usefulness of the proposed approach are proved. We hope that this paper will serve as a motivation for other researchers to apply the MFS to various challenging problems in the field of ship hydrodynamics.展开更多
In this paper,a meshless regularization method of fundamental solutions is proposed for a two-dimensional,two-phase linear inverse Stefan problem.The numerical implementation and analysis are challenging since one nee...In this paper,a meshless regularization method of fundamental solutions is proposed for a two-dimensional,two-phase linear inverse Stefan problem.The numerical implementation and analysis are challenging since one needs to handle composite materials in higher dimensions.Furthermore,the inverse Stefan problem is ill-posed since small errors in the input data cause large errors in the desired output solution.Therefore,regularization is necessary in order to obtain a stable solution.Numerical results for several benchmark test examples are presented and discussed.展开更多
We consider an inverse heat conduction problem with variable coefficient on an annulus domain.In many practice applications,we cannot know the initial temperature during heat process,therefore we consider a non-charac...We consider an inverse heat conduction problem with variable coefficient on an annulus domain.In many practice applications,we cannot know the initial temperature during heat process,therefore we consider a non-characteristic Cauchy problem for the heat equation.The method of fundamental solutions is applied to solve this problem.Due to ill-posedness of this problem,we first discretize the problem and then regularize it in the form of discrete equation.Numerical tests are conducted for showing the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
基金supported by the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development(NAFOSTED)(No.107.02-2017.310)。
文摘The present work is concerned with a two-dimensional(2D)Stokes flow through a channel bounded by two parallel solid walls.The distance between the walls may be arbitrary,and the surface of one of the walls can be arbitrarily rough.The main objective of this work consists in homogenizing the heterogeneous interface between the rough wall and fluid so as to obtain an equivalent smooth slippery fluid/solid interface characterized by an effective slip length.To solve the corresponding problem,two efficient numerical approaches are elaborated on the basis of the method of fundamental solution(MFS)and the boundary element methods(BEMs).They are applied to different cases where the fluid/solid interface is periodically or randomly rough.The results obtained by the proposed two methods are compared with those given by the finite element method and some relevant ones reported in the literature.This comparison shows that the two proposed methods are particularly efficient and accurate.
文摘Objective causing mutation in a Marfan syndrome(MFS)family with a proband,and to establish genotype-phenotype correlations.Methods Genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes of a Chinese Marfan syndrome familial were isolated and screened for fibrillin-1(FBN1)mutations by direct sequencing,and a genotypephenotype study was carried out following a review of the literature on mutations in the searched area.
文摘A total of four times of rhabdosome complication events, i. e., the lateralbranching of graptolite stipes during the Late Middle Ordovician, the secondary branching ofgraptolite stipes at the earliest Upper Ordovician, the early Qiantangjiangian of Upper Ordovicianand the middle Qian-tangjiangian, respectively, is discussed in this paper. These events and otheradaptation events demonstrate close relationships between a diverse graptolite fauna and sea levelchanges, and consequently can be employed to study sea level fluctuations. It is safe to concludethat the complication of rhabdosome started at the maximum flooding surface (MFS) and terminated atthe beginning of regression.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1002302, 2016YFC0900103)National Natural Science Foundation of China (81671458)+1 种基金Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine (PXM2018_014226_000013)supported by the Reproduction Center Biobank at Peking University Third Hospital
文摘Marfan syndrome (MFS)(OMIM 154700) is a relatively common autosomal dominant genetic disease that causes skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular defects and was first described by a French pediatrician in 1896 (Bitterman and Sponseller, 2017). Its prevalence rate is 1/3000—1/5000, and more than 25% of cases are sporadic (Chiu et al., 2014). Studies have shown that about 90% of MFS is caused by variants in the fibrillin-1 gene (FBN1, OMIM 134797). FBN1, located on chromosome 15q21.1, encodes a macromolecular glycoprotein-fibrin 1, which aggregates to form microfibers in the extracellular matrix and distributes in various human connective tissues, such as periosteum, vessel wall, and crystal suspensor ligament. Variants in FNB1 have been reported in 65 exons, but the relationship between genotype and phenotype remains rather unclear (Sakai et al., 2016). Studies have also shown that patients with MFS and similar diseases may have variants in other related genes such as members of the transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFBR) family (Mizuguchi et al., 2004;Sakai et al., 2006;Bolar et al., 2012;De Cario et al., 2018). For better prevention and treatment of MFS as well as for suspected MFS patients, there is a strong need for efficient genetic testing for early diagnosis and differential diagnoses of patients with related phenotypes (Aubart et al., 2018).
基金Supported by"National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences"G1998040900the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.49794030).
文摘Based on the existing cumulus convective parameterization schemes,a mass flux scheme (MFS)for cumulus convective parameterization has been successfully developed by reference to the work of Chen et al.(1996).The MFS is a comprehensive scheme.In MFS,not only the importance of the large-scale moisture convergence is taken into account,but also it includes the cumulus updrafts and downdrafts,cumulus-induced subsidence in the environmental air. entrainment,detrainment and evaporation.The interaction between the cumulus and the environment is described by using a one-dimensional bulk model.At the same time the scheme includes the penetrative and shallow convections. The MFS has been successfully incorporated into the regional climate model RegCM2 developed by NCAR.The new model has been applied to simulate summer monsoon characteristics and their variations of heavy rainfall process in the Changjiang-Huaihe River Basins for three months from May to July 1991.The results show that the new model can successfully simulate this rainfall prolonged process.By comparising the model outputs of RegCM2.using the Kuo scheme and the MFS.it is found that the MFS is better in simulating the surface temperature,rainfall position and amount,and rainfall duration.
基金Supported by"National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences"G1998040900the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.49794030).
文摘By comparison of simulated cumulus convection processes in RegCM2,using the Kuo scheme, the Grell scheme and the mass flux scheme (MFS),it is found that the MFS can simulate the cumulus heating and moistening very well.A series of sensitivity tests show that the parameters for specifying the conversion coefficient from cloud droplets to raindrops,the turbulent entrainment and detrainment rates in updrafts anddowndrafts,and the intensity of thedowndrafts have different degrees of influence upon the cumulus convection.Therefore.it is quite important for cumulus parameterization scheme to define these parameters as accurately as possible.
基金This work was jointly supported by the project on the study of the formative mechanism and predictive theory of the significant weather disaster in China under Grant G 1998040907and supported by the project of Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant KZC
文摘A new subtropical front near the periphery of the West Pacific subtropical anticyclone is found,which is never revealed in previous studies.The coupling of the subtropical front and Meiyu front forms a Meiyu front system (MFS) and is the most direct synoptic system for the Meiyu precipitation along the Mid-lower Reaches of Yangtze River (MRYR) in China.In this paper.The detailed structural features and cloud features of the MFS in 1998 and 1999 are analyzed,which manifests that the MFS is an objective phenomenon over the period of Meiyu along MRYR and the Southwest Japan.Generally.the subtropical front is mainly located between 850 hPa and 500 hPa.The moist southwest monsoon is transported in the passageway between the Meiyu front and the subtropical front.The vertical motion ascends in the passageway and descends on both sides of the MFS.forming the MFS's secondary circulation.A lower TBB band indicated that obvious convective activities are also located in the passageway of MFS.The horizontal wind of MFS is vertically asymmetric.
基金the Fund of the Minister of Education and Minister of Finance of China (No. ZXZY019)
文摘A novel panel-free approach based on the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) is proposed to solve the potential flow for predicting ship motion responses in the frequency domain according to strip theory. Compared with the conventional boundary element method (BEM), MFS is a desingularized, panel-free and integration-free approach. As a result, it is mathematically simple and easy for programming. The velocity potential is described by radial basis function (RBF) approximations and any degree of continuity of the velocity potential gradient can be obtained. Desingularization is achieved through collating singularities on a pseudo boundary outside the real fluid domain. Practical implementation and numerical characteristics of the MFS for solving the potential flow problem concerning ship hydrodynamics are elaborated through the computation of a 2D rectangular section. Then, the current method is further integrated with frequency domain strip theory to predict the heave and pitch responses of a containership and a very large crude carrier (VLCC) in regular head waves. The results of both ships agree well with the 3D frequency domain panel method and experimental data. Thus, the correctness and usefulness of the proposed approach are proved. We hope that this paper will serve as a motivation for other researchers to apply the MFS to various challenging problems in the field of ship hydrodynamics.
基金T.Reeve would like to acknowledge the financial support received from the EPSRC.
文摘In this paper,a meshless regularization method of fundamental solutions is proposed for a two-dimensional,two-phase linear inverse Stefan problem.The numerical implementation and analysis are challenging since one needs to handle composite materials in higher dimensions.Furthermore,the inverse Stefan problem is ill-posed since small errors in the input data cause large errors in the desired output solution.Therefore,regularization is necessary in order to obtain a stable solution.Numerical results for several benchmark test examples are presented and discussed.
基金partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Northwest Normal University,China(No.NWNU-LKQN-17-5).
文摘We consider an inverse heat conduction problem with variable coefficient on an annulus domain.In many practice applications,we cannot know the initial temperature during heat process,therefore we consider a non-characteristic Cauchy problem for the heat equation.The method of fundamental solutions is applied to solve this problem.Due to ill-posedness of this problem,we first discretize the problem and then regularize it in the form of discrete equation.Numerical tests are conducted for showing the effectiveness of the proposed method.
