全球气候变化加重了沿海地区的气候暴露度,基于自然的解决方案(NbS)理念的活体海岸线(living shoreline)展示了更具韧性、更环境友好的海岸保护路径,但其相关基本理论和全生命周期管理框架尚未得到系统梳理。查阅国外相关部门项目公报及...全球气候变化加重了沿海地区的气候暴露度,基于自然的解决方案(NbS)理念的活体海岸线(living shoreline)展示了更具韧性、更环境友好的海岸保护路径,但其相关基本理论和全生命周期管理框架尚未得到系统梳理。查阅国外相关部门项目公报及Web of Science数据库,梳理近10年活体海岸线的相关研究与实践,从活体海岸线的分析规划、构造设计、施工建造、监测评估4个阶段进行总结分析,并结合实践应用和中国国情,客观看待目前活体海岸线的研究局限性;将其与传统硬质工程护岸进行辨证性的比较和思考,提出完善全生命周期管理的框架建议,旨在为我国的海岸保护与生境修复工作提供参考。展开更多
以谷子(Setaria italica Beauv.)抗锈病植株十里香和感锈病植株豫谷1号为材料,利用抗病基因同源序列(RGA)技术克隆谷子核苷酸结合位点(NBS)类型RGA并进行分析。共获得了3个RGA,分别命名为RUS1-1、RUS1-2、RUS1-3(Resistance against Uro...以谷子(Setaria italica Beauv.)抗锈病植株十里香和感锈病植株豫谷1号为材料,利用抗病基因同源序列(RGA)技术克隆谷子核苷酸结合位点(NBS)类型RGA并进行分析。共获得了3个RGA,分别命名为RUS1-1、RUS1-2、RUS1-3(Resistance against Uromyces setariae-italicae,RUS),它们编码的蛋白质均含有NBS类型抗病基因编码蛋白的共有特征结构域P-loop和Kinase2α。BLASTX分析结果表明,3个RGA的编码蛋白与水稻中含有NB-ARC信号传导结构域的蛋白质、NBS-LRR类型抗病基因等的编码蛋白同源性为47%～66%。聚类分析结果表明,3个RGA属于NBS-LRR类型抗病基因,且与番茄NBS-LRR类型抗病基因I2聚为一类。展开更多
This manuscript is an attempt to demonstrate effectiveness of nature-based solutions (NBS) and measures to reduce risk of flooding and environmental impact in urban settings. The nature-based solutions (NBS) were asse...This manuscript is an attempt to demonstrate effectiveness of nature-based solutions (NBS) and measures to reduce risk of flooding and environmental impact in urban settings. The nature-based solutions (NBS) were assessed as scenarios from experience of urban storm drainage and sewerage systems based on practices that improve urban water management through modelling using urban stormwater management model (SWMM). The model has been applied in a typical urban environment in the second city in Botswana, the City of Francistown, which has a population of more than one hundred thousand. By considering the 2-yr and 10-year storm events in a calibrated SWMM, NBS scenarios from a mix of low impact and drainage measures were considered. The considered NBS scenarios were used to determine their effectiveness in terms of reducing and controlling peak runoff, flood volumes, infiltration and evapotranspiration in the study area, which are vital in assessing the opportunity and challenge for sustainable management of water resources and associated tradeoff of investments in the urban contexts. The study demonstrates the usefulness of implementing effective measures for achieving NBS in urban context and possibility of outscaling at basin and regional levels.展开更多
在社会高速发展的背景下,各种问题和挑战随之而来。例如城市化的不可持续的发展方式、自然环境的退化以及生态服务功能的丧失。这引起人们的关注。而通过自然的方式,去解决相应的问题变得尤为重要。欧盟和自然保护联盟对NBS (Based On N...在社会高速发展的背景下,各种问题和挑战随之而来。例如城市化的不可持续的发展方式、自然环境的退化以及生态服务功能的丧失。这引起人们的关注。而通过自然的方式,去解决相应的问题变得尤为重要。欧盟和自然保护联盟对NBS (Based On Natural Solutions)进行了定义,并深入研究NBS,以应对全球挑战,而城市规划和生态建设方面是重点研究的部分。通过对NBS的概念了解,并与相应的其他生态系统方法比较分析,加深对NBS的理解。通过阅读文献,总结NBS在欧洲城市规划以及生态社区建设中的应用,并提出目前NBS在应用过程中面临的问题和挑战。通过总结欧洲的经验,尝试将其经验借用到国内低丘缓坡山地开发当中。以云南省为例,提出相关的措施和建议,以优化低丘缓坡山地开发方式,以达到开发过程中尽量减少生态系统服务价值以及生态系统服务功能的损失和经济–生态协同发展的目的。展开更多
文摘全球气候变化加重了沿海地区的气候暴露度,基于自然的解决方案(NbS)理念的活体海岸线(living shoreline)展示了更具韧性、更环境友好的海岸保护路径,但其相关基本理论和全生命周期管理框架尚未得到系统梳理。查阅国外相关部门项目公报及Web of Science数据库,梳理近10年活体海岸线的相关研究与实践,从活体海岸线的分析规划、构造设计、施工建造、监测评估4个阶段进行总结分析,并结合实践应用和中国国情,客观看待目前活体海岸线的研究局限性;将其与传统硬质工程护岸进行辨证性的比较和思考,提出完善全生命周期管理的框架建议,旨在为我国的海岸保护与生境修复工作提供参考。
文摘以谷子(Setaria italica Beauv.)抗锈病植株十里香和感锈病植株豫谷1号为材料,利用抗病基因同源序列(RGA)技术克隆谷子核苷酸结合位点(NBS)类型RGA并进行分析。共获得了3个RGA,分别命名为RUS1-1、RUS1-2、RUS1-3(Resistance against Uromyces setariae-italicae,RUS),它们编码的蛋白质均含有NBS类型抗病基因编码蛋白的共有特征结构域P-loop和Kinase2α。BLASTX分析结果表明,3个RGA的编码蛋白与水稻中含有NB-ARC信号传导结构域的蛋白质、NBS-LRR类型抗病基因等的编码蛋白同源性为47%～66%。聚类分析结果表明,3个RGA属于NBS-LRR类型抗病基因,且与番茄NBS-LRR类型抗病基因I2聚为一类。
文摘This manuscript is an attempt to demonstrate effectiveness of nature-based solutions (NBS) and measures to reduce risk of flooding and environmental impact in urban settings. The nature-based solutions (NBS) were assessed as scenarios from experience of urban storm drainage and sewerage systems based on practices that improve urban water management through modelling using urban stormwater management model (SWMM). The model has been applied in a typical urban environment in the second city in Botswana, the City of Francistown, which has a population of more than one hundred thousand. By considering the 2-yr and 10-year storm events in a calibrated SWMM, NBS scenarios from a mix of low impact and drainage measures were considered. The considered NBS scenarios were used to determine their effectiveness in terms of reducing and controlling peak runoff, flood volumes, infiltration and evapotranspiration in the study area, which are vital in assessing the opportunity and challenge for sustainable management of water resources and associated tradeoff of investments in the urban contexts. The study demonstrates the usefulness of implementing effective measures for achieving NBS in urban context and possibility of outscaling at basin and regional levels.
文摘在社会高速发展的背景下,各种问题和挑战随之而来。例如城市化的不可持续的发展方式、自然环境的退化以及生态服务功能的丧失。这引起人们的关注。而通过自然的方式,去解决相应的问题变得尤为重要。欧盟和自然保护联盟对NBS (Based On Natural Solutions)进行了定义,并深入研究NBS,以应对全球挑战,而城市规划和生态建设方面是重点研究的部分。通过对NBS的概念了解,并与相应的其他生态系统方法比较分析,加深对NBS的理解。通过阅读文献,总结NBS在欧洲城市规划以及生态社区建设中的应用,并提出目前NBS在应用过程中面临的问题和挑战。通过总结欧洲的经验,尝试将其经验借用到国内低丘缓坡山地开发当中。以云南省为例,提出相关的措施和建议,以优化低丘缓坡山地开发方式,以达到开发过程中尽量减少生态系统服务价值以及生态系统服务功能的损失和经济–生态协同发展的目的。
