新型非对称惯容NES减震控制性能研究

为提高控制装置的减震性能及减小附加阻尼器的质量,基于非对称非线性能量阱(nonlinear energy sink,NES)提出一种附加惯容器的新型控制装置——非对称惯容NES。根据非对称惯容NES系统的工作原理推导出运动方程;在脉冲型荷载作用下进行控制参数数值优化,分析非对称惯容NES的能量鲁棒性和频率鲁棒性。分析地震作用下结构与控制装置响应,研究主体结构刚度变化前后的控制性能。应用数值小波变换对体系的地震响应时程进行功率谱分析,从能量的角度研究控制装置的减振机理。研究结果表明,非对称惯容NES具有极强的能量鲁棒性和频率鲁棒性,在地震作用过程中能有效减小顶层加速度峰值且所需行程更小,能在更广频域内与主体结构发生共振,因而其减震效率更高。非对称惯容NES减震控制性能与已有的非对称NES相当甚至更优,并能够减小40%阻尼器质量,在实际应用中具有更广阔的前景。

非线性能量阱最优参数的变化规律研究

利用粒子群优化算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)研究了单自由度和两自由度非线性能量阱(nonlinear energy sink,NES)的最优参数随冲击载荷的变化规律。在仅改变刚度和同时改变阻尼与刚度情况下对NES的最优吸振效能和最优参数进行对比分析。结果表明,优化后的两自由度NES的吸振效能略优于单自由度NES。随着冲击载荷的增大,两种NES的最优刚度均逐渐减小,最优阻尼均逐渐增大。若考虑被动式装置,两自由度NES的吸振效能显然优于单自由度NES。若加入控制,使NES始终处于最优参数,两自由度NES的效能优势非常小,且其控制参数较多。

Dynamic performance and parameter optimization of a half-vehicle system coupled with an inerter-based X-structure nonlinear energy sink

Inspired by the demand of improving the riding comfort and meeting the lightweight design of the vehicle, an inerter-based X-structure nonlinear energy sink(IXNES) is proposed and applied in the half-vehicle system to enhance the dynamic performance. The X-structure is used as a mechanism to realize the nonlinear stiffness characteristic of the NES, which can realize the flexibility, adjustability, high efficiency, and easy operation of nonlinear stiffness, and is convenient to apply in the vehicle suspension, and the inerter is applied to replacing the mass of the NES based on the mass amplification characteristic. The dynamic model of the half-vehicle system coupled with the IX-NES is established with the Lagrange theory, and the harmonic balance method(HBM) and the pseudo-arc-length method(PALM) are used to obtain the dynamic response under road harmonic excitation. The corresponding dynamic performance under road harmonic and random excitation is evaluated by six performance indices, and compared with that of the original half-vehicle system to show the benefits of the IX-NES. Furthermore, the structural parameters of the IX-NES are optimized with the genetic algorithm. The results show that for road harmonic and random excitation, using the IX-NES can greatly reduce the resonance peaks and root mean square(RMS) values of the front and rear suspension deflections and the front and rear dynamic tire loads, while the resonance peaks and RMS values of the vehicle body vertical and pitching accelerations are slightly larger.When the structural parameters of the IX-NES are optimized, the vehicle body vertical and pitching accelerations of the half-vehicle system could reduce by 2.41% and 1.16%,respectively, and the other dynamic performance indices are within the reasonable ranges.Thus, the IX-NES combines the advantages of the inerter, X-structure, and NES, which improves the dynamic performance of the half-vehicle system and provides an effective option for vibration attenuation in the vehicle engineering.

Dynamics and vibration reduction performance of asymmetric tristable nonlinear energy sink

With its complex nonlinear dynamic behavior,the tristable system has shown excellent performance in areas such as energy harvesting and vibration suppression,and has attracted a lot of attention.In this paper,an asymmetric tristable design is proposed to improve the vibration suppression efficiency of nonlinear energy sinks(NESs)for the first time.The proposed asymmetric tristable NES(ATNES)is composed of a pair of oblique springs and a vertical spring.Then,the three stable states,symmetric and asymmetric,can be achieved by the adjustment of the distance and stiffness asymmetry of the oblique springs.The governing equations of a linear oscillator(LO)coupled with the ATNES are derived.The approximate analytical solution to the coupled system is obtained by the harmonic balance method(HBM)and verified numerically.The vibration suppression efficiency of three types of ATNES is compared.The results show that the asymmetric design can improve the efficiency of vibration reduction through comparing the chaotic motion of the NES oscillator between asymmetric steady states.In addition,compared with the symmetrical tristable NES(TNES),the ATNES can effectively control smaller structural vibrations.In other words,the ATNES can effectively solve the threshold problem of TNES failure to weak excitation.Therefore,this paper reveals the vibration reduction mechanism of the ATNES,and provides a pathway to expand the effective excitation amplitude range of the NES.

NES cell

A broadband adaptive vibration control strategy with high reliability and flexible versatility is proposed.The high vibration damping performance of nonlinear energy sink(NES)has attracted attention.However,targeted energy transfer may cause severe vibration of NES.Besides,it is difficult to realize pure nonlinear stiffness without the linear part.As a result,the reliability of NES is not high.The low reliability of NES has hindered its application in engineering.In addition,the performance of NES depends on its mass ratio of the primary system,and NES lacks versatility for different vibration systems.Therefore,this paper proposes the concept of NES cell.The advantages of the adaptive vibration control of NES are applied to cellular NES.By applying a large number of NES cells in parallel,the reliability of NES and its versatility to complex vibration structures are improved.An elastic beam is used as the primary vibration structure,and a limited NES is used as the cell.The relationship between the vibration suppression effect of NES cells and the number of NES cell is studied.In addition,the effect of the distribution of NES cells on the multi-mode resonance suppression of the beam is also studied.In summary,the mode of the primary structure can be efficiently controlled by a large number of lightweight NES cell.Therefore,the lightweight NES cell is flexible for vibration control of complex structures.In addition,it improves the reliability of NES applications.Therefore,the distributed application of NES cells proposed in this paper is a valuable vibration suppression strategy.

Vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes: a state-of-the-art review

Fluid-conveying pipes are widely used to transfer bulk fluids from one point to another in many engineering applications.They are subject to various excitations from the conveying fluids,the supporting structures,and the working environment,and thus are prone to vibrations such as flow-induced vibrations and acoustic-induced vibrations.Vibrations can generate variable dynamic stress and large deformation on fluid-conveying pipes,leading to vibration-induced fatigue and damage on the pipes,or even leading to failure of the entire piping system and catastrophic accidents.Therefore,the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes is essential to ensure the integrity and safety of pipeline systems,and has attracted considerable attention from both researchers and engineers.The present paper aims to provide an extensive review of the state-of-the-art research on the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes.The vibration analysis of fluid-conveying pipes is briefly discussed to show some key issues involved in the vibration analysis.Then,the research progress on the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes is reviewed from four aspects in terms of passive control,active vibration control,semi-active vibration control,and structural optimization design for vibration reduction.Furthermore,the main results of existing research on the vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes are summarized,and future promising research directions are recommended to address the current research gaps.This paper contributes to the understanding of vibration control of fluid-conveying pipes,and will help the research work on the vibration control of fluidconveying pipes attract more attention.

Effects of viscoelasticity on the stability and bifurcations of nonlinear energy sinks

Due to the increasing use of passive absorbers to control unwanted vibrations,many studies have been done on energy absorbers ideally,but the lack of studies of real environmental conditions on these absorbers is felt.The present work investigates the effect of viscoelasticity on the stability and bifurcations of a system attached to a nonlinear energy sink(NES).In this paper,the Burgers model is assumed for the viscoelasticity in an NES,and a linear oscillator system is considered for investigating the instabilities and bifurcations.The equations of motion of the coupled system are solved by using the harmonic balance and pseudo-arc-length continuation methods.The results show that the viscoelasticity affects the frequency intervals of the Hopf and saddle-node branches,and by increasing the stiffness parameters of the viscoelasticity,the conditions of these branches occur in larger ranges of the external force amplitudes,and also reduce the frequency range of the branches.In addition,increasing the viscoelastic damping parameter has the potential to completely eliminate the instability of the system and gradually reduce the amplitude of the jump phenomenon.

Vertical vibration control using nonlinear energy sink with inertial amplifier

To reduce additional mass, this work proposes a nonlinear energy sink(NES)with an inertial amplifier(NES-IA) to control the vertical vibration of the objects under harmonic and shock excitations. Moreover, this paper constructs pure nonlinear stiffness without neglecting the gravity effect of the oscillator. Both analytical and numerical methods are used to evaluate the performance of the NES-IA. The research findings indicate that even if the actual mass is 1% of the main oscillator, the NES-IA with proper inertia angles and mass distribution ratios can still effectively attenuate the steady-state and transient responses of the main oscillator. Nonlinear stiffness and damping also have important effects. Due to strongly nonlinear factors, the coupled system may exhibit higher branch responses under harmonic excitation. In shock excitation environment, the NES-IA with a large dynamic mass can trigger energy capture of both main resonance and high-frequency resonance. Furthermore, the comparison with the traditional NES also confirms the advantages of the NES-IA in overcoming mass dependence.

Enhanced vibration suppression and energy harvesting in fluid-conveying pipes

A novel vibration absorber is designed to suppress vibrations in fluidconveying pipes subject to varying fluid speeds.The proposed absorber combines the fundamental principles of nonlinear energy sinks(NESs)and nonlinear energy harvesters(NEHs).The governing equation is derived,and a second-order discrete system is used to assess the performance of the developed device.The results demonstrate that the proposed absorber achieves significantly enhanced energy dissipation efficiency,reaching up to 95%,over a wider frequency range.Additionally,it successfully harvests additional electric energy.This research establishes a promising avenue for the development of new nonlinear devices aimed at suppressing fluid-conveying pipe vibrations across a broad frequency spectrum.

Fractional nonlinear energy sinks

The cubic or third-power(TP)nonlinear energy sink(NES)has been proven to be an effective method for vibration suppression,owing to the occurrence of targeted energy transfer(TET).However,TET is unable to be triggered by the low initial energy input,and thus the TP NES would get failed under low-amplitude vibration.To resolve this issue,a new type of NES with fractional nonlinearity,e.g.,one-third-power(OTP)nonlinearity,is proposed.The dynamic behaviors of a linear oscillator(LO)with an OTP NES are investigated numerically,and then both the TET feature and the vibration attenuation performance are evaluated.Moreover,an analogy circuit is established,and the circuit simulations are carried out to verify the design concept of the OTP NES.It is found that the threshold for TET of the OTP NES is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the TP NES.The parametric analysis shows that a heavier mass or a lower stiffness coefficient of the NES is beneficial to the occurrence of TET in the OTP NES system.Additionally,significant energy transfer is usually accompanied with efficient energy dissipation.Consequently,the OTP NES can realize TET under low initial input energy,which should be a promising approach for micro-vibration suppression.

非线性能量阱技术研究综述

结构振动问题普遍存在于各个工程领域,有效地抑制结构振动对提高零件的加工质量、延长机械的使用寿命以及增加结构的安全性与舒适度至关重要。非线性能量阱(NES)以其轻质,鲁棒性强,减振频带宽等优点,在非线性消能减振方面具有良好的应用前景;介绍了非线性能量阱的基本概念、发展与研究现状,综述了非线性能量阱在土木工程、航空航天领域、机械领域、生命线工程以及能量采集中的应用进展。在此基础上,对非线性能量阱的设计与应用进行了评述,指出其在工程应用中的优势与不足,并针对实际工程可能遇到的问题提出了建议,对非线性能量阱技术的后续研究进行了展望。

分段线性刚度非线性能量阱的参数优化方法

基于作者先前提出的具有分段线性刚度的非线性能量阱(nonlinear energy sink,NES)模型,利用遗传算法研究了该NES的参数优化问题.首先,介绍了分段线性刚度NES的结构,并分析了其非线性特性;其次,提出通过对立方曲线端点连线拟合的方法以缩减设计空间,并采用二进制与实数混合编码方式设计了NESs的参数优化方法;最后,以框剪结构-NESs系统为例,研究了NESs在多自由度系统中的优化问题,并通过试验进行了验证.结果表明,采用所提出的优化方法所设计的NESs,能在较宽的激励频率下有效减小振动系统的振幅,可以获得较好的多模态振动抑制效果.

计算机化神经行为评价系统及其在儿童神经行为功能评价中的应用

计算机化神经行为评价系统穴NES雪是在WHO/NIOSH推荐的神经行为核心测试组合穴WHO鄄NCTB雪的基础上发展的,它提高了测试的信度和效度,并弥补了NCTB的不足。该文主要综述其发展以及在儿童神经行为功能研究中的应用和不足。研究表明NES中的指扣、连续操作测试和眼手协调测试等均能够很好地应用于化学物质对儿童神经行为早期损伤的评价。

无线网络仿真的思变

主要讨论网络硬仿真系统(NES)如何应用于无线网络规划并致力于解决无线网络中的覆盖和干扰问题,减少优化工作量。

非癫痫性发作患者发作期临床表现与同步录像脑电监测结果分析

目的：分析非癫痫性发作（NES）患者的临床特点及其同步录像脑电图（V—EEG）监测的诊断价值。方法：NES患者33例，其中男14例，女19例；年龄16个月至73岁。对患者发作期的临床表现结合EEG和焦虑、抑郁评分以及MRI等进行回顾性分析。结果：33例患者v-EEG均监测到临床发作，发作期EEG均无痫样放电，证实为NES，并且超过半数（56％）的患者伴有焦虑和（或）抑郁情绪。结论：NES的发作形式多种多样，易被误诊为癫痫或其他疾病。心理因素在NES发作中可能有比较重要的作用。V—EEG监测对NES诊断及鉴别诊断均有重要的指导意义。

哈密地区中老年人非癫性发作性疾病的病因及脑电图分析

癫（癎）是一种发作性疾病,是大脑皮质局限性或广泛性、间歇性的异常放电,在临床上可能与其他发作性疾病相混淆.长程视频录像脑电图（V-EEG）可通过直接观察发作的临床表现、睡眠结构EEG,并通过同步EEG监测来分析临床与EEG的关系,从而成为癫（癎）诊断与鉴别诊断非常可靠的监测方法.非癫（癎）性发作（NES）是指多种原因引起的阵发性临床发作,不伴有发作期EEG（癎）样放电.在国外癫（癎）中心所谓癫（癎）患者中10%～20%被证实为NES.现将哈密地区监测的54例中老年人NES患者的临床资料分析报告如下.

耦合组合刚度非线性能量阱的线性振子动力学分析

将非线性能量阱(NES)连接到线性或弱非线性结构能吸收振动能量以达到减少振动的目的,在被动减振中具有重要的意义。该研究对耦合组合刚度NES的线性振荡器进行了动力学建模和分析,并给出了NES系统参数对减振效果的影响。首先,利用复变量平均法对耦合组合刚度NES的系统进行建模,得到了系统的慢变方程。其次,分析了鞍结分岔和Hopf分岔平衡点个数、稳定性与组合刚度NES系统参数的关系,并给出了激励幅值、频率变化对线性振子幅值的影响,这为后面减振应用的优化提供合理的参数选值具有重要意义。再次,利用能量谱和Poincare映射分析了各部分质量比、激励幅值、NES刚度和阻尼对系统减振的影响,发现了各参数对振动抑制的影响规律。最后利用能量谱验证了组合刚度NES的减振的优越性。

基于非线性能量阱的桥梁振动能量采集装置的适用性研究

非线性能量阱(nonlinear energy sink,NES)作为一种经典的振动控制技术,近几年在一些研究中被创新性地与振动能量采集技术相结合,取得了一系列的进展。对于桥梁结构健康监测系统而言,传感器的供能问题一直有待改善,探究基于NES的振动能量采集装置在桥梁结构上的适用性,对于桥梁结构振动能量采集的相关应用具有重要的理论意义和实用价值;以铁路简支梁桥为例,进行了针对基于NES的桥梁振动能量采集装置的适用性的讨论:(1)测试与表征了NES装置的力学特性和系统参数;(2)运用车辆-轨道-桥梁垂向耦合动力学理论和有限元法,评估不同初始激励条件下NES装置的动态响应及其能量采集效果。结果表明,安装于桥梁结构上的NES装置具有弱线性刚度和强非线性刚度特性,对初始能量大小较敏感,只有当初始位移达到一定阈值时,NES-桥梁系统中的靶向能量传递(targeted energy transfer,TET)才会被激发。初始能量低于阈值时,TET无法被激发,NES装置能量采集效率不佳。基于数值分析的结果可知,该NES装置能够在合适的桥梁振动激励下发挥出非线性特性的优势,从而获得良好的能量采集效率。

随机激励下非线性能量阱系统减振性能优化研究

作为一类具有非线性刚度的典型非线性被动控制装置,非线性能量阱(nonlinear energy sinks,NESs)以其质量轻、频率鲁棒性强等优势引起了工程领域的广泛关注。目前,针对耦合NES的结构系统动力学研究主要是确定性载荷情形,仅少数涉及随机激励情形的研究。该文章研究了随机激励下耦合NES的单自由度(single-degree-of-freedom,SDOF)结构随机振动的参数优化问题。首先应用加权残值法,将原系统等效为具有精确平稳解的随机动力学系统,理论解和蒙特卡洛解模拟(Monte Carlo solution,MCS)在误差允许范围内吻合,显示所提的数值方法有效;然后利用原系统的平稳响应概率密度函数(probability density function,PDF)的近似解析表达式来构造目标函数,提出了一种以主结构位移与速度响应量均方(mean-square,MS)最小为目标的NES参数优化设计策略,讨论了非线性能量阱的阻尼系数、非线性刚度系数、质量比等参数对减振性能的影响。结果表明,增加NES的质量比与阻尼系数,可以实现较强的减振性能,非线性刚度值对NES的减振性能的影响规律与质量比取值相关。相关工作可为NES的设计与应用提供参考。

Vibration reduction evaluation of a linear system with a nonlinear energy sink under a harmonic and random excitation

The nonlinear behaviors and vibration reduction of a linear system with a nonlinear energy sink(NES)are investigated.The linear system is excited by a harmonic and random base excitation,consisting of a mass block,a linear spring,and a linear viscous damper.The NES is composed of a mass block,a linear viscous damper,and a spring with ideal cubic nonlinear stiffness.Based on the generalized harmonic function method,the steady-state Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation is presented to reveal the response of the system.The path integral method based on the Gauss-Legendre polynomial is used to achieve the numerical solutions.The performance of vibration reduction is evaluated by the displacement and velocity transition probability densities,the transmissibility transition probability density,and the percentage of the energy absorption transition probability density of the linear oscillator.The sensitivity of the parameters is analyzed for varying the nonlinear stiffness coefficient and the damper ratio.The investigation illustrates that a linear system with NES can also realize great vibration reduction under harmonic and random base excitations and random bifurcation may appear under different parameters,which will affect the stability of the system.