Application and comparison of two symptom-based eutrophication-assessment methods in Jiaozhou Bay, China

Increasing numbers of approaches to assess eutrophication, such as estuarine trophic status, the Oslo-Paris Commission Common Procedure, and the Water Framework Directive, focus on the symptoms of eutrophication. In China, however, nutrient index methods dominate the assessment of coastal waters. In this study, an integrated method that includes both water quality and ecological response was compared with the Northwest Pacifi c Action Plan (NOWPAP) Common Procedure. Observation data from Jiaozhou Bay, Shandong, China, were used in a comparison of the two methods in a trophic status study. Overall, both clearly revealed a high level of nutrient enrichment in the bay, indicated by high nutrient concentrations. Though the two methods diff ered in their methodological design in the assessment of the ecological eff ects of nutrient enrichment, they have acquired similar results: the integrated method suggested that the status was good, and the NOWPAP Common Procedure suggested that the status was low (indicating that the bay had no serious eutrophication problem). The introduction of fi lter feeders (shellfi sh aquaculture) into the bay on a reasonable scale may have been eff ective in mitigating eutrophic conditions, and perhaps explains the low ecological impacts there. Our results will be useful to ecosystem-based eutrophication management in the bay and in similar areas.

中日韩关于海洋垃圾处理的国际纠纷问题研究

近年来,西北太平洋地区的海洋垃圾问题日益严重。由于受到季风和洋流的影响,大量海洋垃圾由一国附近海域漂流到邻国。然而,现阶段垃圾检测技术和垃圾来源追踪技术尚无法甄别责任主体,从而引发了相邻各国互相推诿责任的现象。解决海洋垃圾纠纷问题的最终有效路径就是加强多边协作机制,完善共同专项基金。