This study investigates poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes as controlled release micro-matrices, which can be useful in therapeutic applications for optimizing the administration of drugs. Currently, the use of hydro...This study investigates poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes as controlled release micro-matrices, which can be useful in therapeutic applications for optimizing the administration of drugs. Currently, the use of hydrogels is limited by protein size. This study investigates the delivery of PspA, a large protein of approximately 38 kD. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) has been shown to provide protective immunity against pneumococcal infection and is considered as a pneumococcal vaccine. The protein release experiments demonstrated that from an initial pH 7.4, approximately 60% of PspA diffuse into a neutral environment with an initial burst and a declining rate reaching equilibrium. The results indicate that the protein was successfully incorporated and released from the membrane over time. The hydrogel and protein interaction is temporary, and the membrane system is ideal for protein drug delivery. The data confirm that the protein did not aggregate and was active after release. The protein release is promising and a step forward to develop microneedles to facilitate high molecular weight protein delivery as well as vaccine delivery.展开更多
系统观测目标误差渗透着系统误差和随机误差,系统误差和随机误差的分离与溯源理论和应用一直是误差分析的难点和热点.文中基于系统误差和随机误差的互相关系与传递特征,提出了以传递函数为基础的误差传递模型,并基于该模型,将复杂系统...系统观测目标误差渗透着系统误差和随机误差,系统误差和随机误差的分离与溯源理论和应用一直是误差分析的难点和热点.文中基于系统误差和随机误差的互相关系与传递特征,提出了以传递函数为基础的误差传递模型,并基于该模型,将复杂系统划分为若干个子系统,分析了各子系统在观测目标误差中的主次作用(primary and secondary position analysis,PSPA).算例表明,该理论能够分析得出引起观测误差灵敏度较高的子系统,这对于误差溯源、分析和控制误差,提高观测目标的精度具有一定的指导意义.展开更多
The polystyrenylphosphonous acid (PSPA) of low polymerization degree was prepared with one step reaction. The reaction mechanism was changed with different initiators. For the reaction with AIBN or BPO as the initia...The polystyrenylphosphonous acid (PSPA) of low polymerization degree was prepared with one step reaction. The reaction mechanism was changed with different initiators. For the reaction with AIBN or BPO as the initiator, there are 2 or 3 series of radical reaction chains and 5 or 9 series of polystyrenyl products. The main products are PSPA without or with the fragment of the initiator H[CH(C6H5)-CH2]n-PO2H2 and C6H5CO2-[CH2CH (C6H5)]n-PO2H2 respectively.展开更多
文摘This study investigates poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes as controlled release micro-matrices, which can be useful in therapeutic applications for optimizing the administration of drugs. Currently, the use of hydrogels is limited by protein size. This study investigates the delivery of PspA, a large protein of approximately 38 kD. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) has been shown to provide protective immunity against pneumococcal infection and is considered as a pneumococcal vaccine. The protein release experiments demonstrated that from an initial pH 7.4, approximately 60% of PspA diffuse into a neutral environment with an initial burst and a declining rate reaching equilibrium. The results indicate that the protein was successfully incorporated and released from the membrane over time. The hydrogel and protein interaction is temporary, and the membrane system is ideal for protein drug delivery. The data confirm that the protein did not aggregate and was active after release. The protein release is promising and a step forward to develop microneedles to facilitate high molecular weight protein delivery as well as vaccine delivery.
文摘系统观测目标误差渗透着系统误差和随机误差,系统误差和随机误差的分离与溯源理论和应用一直是误差分析的难点和热点.文中基于系统误差和随机误差的互相关系与传递特征,提出了以传递函数为基础的误差传递模型,并基于该模型,将复杂系统划分为若干个子系统,分析了各子系统在观测目标误差中的主次作用(primary and secondary position analysis,PSPA).算例表明,该理论能够分析得出引起观测误差灵敏度较高的子系统,这对于误差溯源、分析和控制误差,提高观测目标的精度具有一定的指导意义.
文摘目的:肺炎链球菌溶菌酶(N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase,LytA)作为肺炎链球菌多价核酸疫苗候选抗原的保护效能评价。方法:PCR技术从肺炎链球菌R6标准株扩增LytA基因序列,构建重组真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-LytA,免疫印迹(western-blot)检测重组质粒在哺乳动物BHK-21细胞中的表达。与前期构建的肺炎链球菌表面蛋白A(Pneumococcal surface protein A,PspA)N端序列基因构建的质粒pcDNA3.1-PspA’核酸疫苗联合或单独肌肉注射免疫BABL/c小鼠,检测各组小鼠血清特异性抗体IgG水平,并观察免疫小鼠肺炎链球菌D39腹腔攻击21d生存情况。结果:ELISA检测发现3组(pcDNA3.1-LytA组,pcDNA3.1-PspA’组,pcDNA3.1-LytA+pcDNA3.1-PspA’组)实验组小鼠特异性IgG水平较空质粒对照组显著升高(P<0.001),pcDNA3.1-LytA+pcDNA3.1-PspA’组小鼠抗LytA特异性抗体IgG水平较pcDNA3.1-LytA组明显升高(P<0.01),但是与pcDNA3.1-PspA’组比较抗PspA特异性抗体IgG水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。小鼠攻击试验提示pcDNA3.1-LytA+pcDNA3.1-PspA’组小鼠中位生存时间较pcDNA3.1-LytA组及空质粒对照组显著延长(P<0.01),但与pcDNA3.1-PspA’组比较中位生存时间无显著差异(P>0.05),生存曲线相似。结论:LytA联合PspA’的肺炎链球菌多价核酸疫苗免疫效能并不优于单一抗原PspA’的肺炎链球菌核酸疫苗,LytA作为肺炎链球菌多价核酸疫苗的优势候选抗原组分之一有待进一步研究。
文摘The polystyrenylphosphonous acid (PSPA) of low polymerization degree was prepared with one step reaction. The reaction mechanism was changed with different initiators. For the reaction with AIBN or BPO as the initiator, there are 2 or 3 series of radical reaction chains and 5 or 9 series of polystyrenyl products. The main products are PSPA without or with the fragment of the initiator H[CH(C6H5)-CH2]n-PO2H2 and C6H5CO2-[CH2CH (C6H5)]n-PO2H2 respectively.
