Feasibility of Integrating Leprosy Post-Exposure Prophylaxis with Single-Dose Rifampicin (LPEP) into Routine Leprosy Control Program in Bukedi and Teso Regions in Uganda

Background: World Health Organization recommends the implementation of contact tracing and Leprosy Post Exposure prophylaxis (LPEP) to interrupt the chain of transmission. To accelerate the uptake of this recommendation, a cross-sectional study among contacts of leprosy patients was conducted to investigate the feasibility of integrating leprosy systematic contact tracing and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) into the routine leprosy control program. Methods: This was a mixed methods cross-sectional study. The study was implemented in Kumi, Ngora, Serere, Soroti, Budaka and Kibuku Districts. Results: The 45 enrolled index patients (97.8% of the registered) identified a total of 135 contacts, of which 134 (99·2%) consented and were screened. Among them, one new leprosy patient was identified and started on treatment with multidrug therapy (MDT). All the eligible contacts, received the prophylactic treatment with Single Dose Rifampicin (SDR). Overall, SDR was administered to 133(98.5% of the listed contacts) with no adverse event reported. Factors associated with successful contact investigation and management included: Involvement of index patients, health care workers during the contact screening and SDR A administration, counselling of the index patients and contacts by the health care works, LPEP being administered as Directly observed Therapy (DOT) among others. Results Interpretation: The integration of leprosy post-exposure prophylaxis with administration of SDR and contact tracing is feasible, generally accepted by the patient, their contacts and health workers and can be integrated into the National Leprosy control programmes with minimal additional efforts once contact tracing has been established. Therefore, we recommend integration of administration of SDR in to the routine leprosy control program.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Defence and Security Forces in Northern Benin (2023)

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined as “actual exposure to death or the threat of death, serious injury or sexual violence”, either directly or indirectly, resulting in a symptomatic procession of repetition, avoidance, neurovegetative hyperactivity and individualized symptoms, with or without negative cognitive and mood changes. It therefore goes without saying that the defence and security forces constitute a high-risk population in need of attention. Objective: To study post-traumatic stress disorder in defence and security forces in the city of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2022 to July 2023. The study population consisted of active military, republican police and firefighters in the city of Parakou in 2023. Non-proportional stratified sampling was used, given the inaccessibility of the source population size for national security reasons. Post-traumatic stress disorder was assessed using the “post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCLS-5) scale. Results: A total of 305 subjects participated in the survey. Males dominated 90.2%. The most represented corps was the Republican Police (41.6%), most of whom were non-commissioned officers (46.6%). The majority count between 11 and 20 years of service (48.9%), with 2 to 5 missions completed (67.5%). The calculated prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was 11.8%, based on the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCL-5). Of the 36 respondents with post-traumatic stress disorder, 20 (55.6%) had experienced an armed attack, 25 (69.4%) had witnessed a violent death, 18 (50.0%) had witnessed the agony of a colleague, 15 (41.7%) had been exposed to a fire or explosion, while 26 (72.2%) had been traumatized by physical and/or verbal aggression. 5 (13.9%) had consulted a specialist psychiatrist, while 6 (16.7%) were on medication and 26 (72.2%) used sport as a means of maintaining physical and mental health. Respectively 22 (61.1%) and 21 (58.3%) had definite symptoms of anxiety and depression. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between post-traumatic stress disorder and the following variables: total number of children ≤ 2 (p = 0.015), comorbidities such as arterial hypertension (p = 0.007), history of hepatitis (p = 0.017), work accidents (p = 0.016), alcohol dependence (p = 0.004), domestic violence (p = 0.004), psychological violence (p = 0.017) and anxiety disorders (p Conclusion: Defence and security personnel can also be prey to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which needs to be systematically taken into account when they are subjected to trauma in the course of their duties. Mental health should be an integral part of the periodic medical check-up objectives for defence and security forces throughout the country.

Postoperative Complications in the General Surgery Department of the Cs Ref of Commune I of the District of Bamako Mali

Postoperative complications represent important indicators for the quality of surgical care. The objectives of this work were to study post-operative complications in the general surgery department of the Cs ref of commune I in Mali, to determine the frequency of post-operative complications, to identify the factors of occurrence, to describe the clinical aspects, diagnostic and therapeutic in order to assess the additional cost linked to post-operative complications. This study was prospective, carried out in the general surgery department on 300 cases of surgical interventions. It covered all patients aged at least 15 years, operated on and hospitalized or not, and who presented complications during the 30 days postoperatively. Patients under the age of 15 were not included (our general surgery department is not a pediatric surgery department). We collected 300 patients among whom 199 (66.33%) were men and 101 (33.66%) women, i.e. a sex ratio = 1.9. The average age was 38 years with extremes of 15 and 87 years. The main initial diagnoses were: acute appendicitis, peritonitis, occlusions, wall hernias, hemorrhoids, uterine prolapse, uterine myomas, ovarian cysts and acute cholecystitis. Emergencies represented 43% (N = 129) of interventions with 6.98% post-operative complications (POC). Postoperative complications were dominated by surgical site infections, 75% of cases (N = 20), wall hemorrhage 5% (N = 1), testicular necrosis 5% (N = 1) and testicular calcification 5% (N = 1), wire rejection 5% (N = 1) and death 5% (N = 1). The management of postoperative complications was surgical in 95% and medical in 100%. Their occurrence extended the hospital stay by 3.65 days and increased the average cost of care by 60541.85 CFA francs. The mortality index lowered by efficient management of complications (IMAGE) calculated in relation to deaths was 95% of cases. Anemia, ASA score ≥ III, Alteimeir II and IV classes, duration of surgery and post-operative hospitalization were factors contributing to post-operative complications.

Effects of Pearl Yangxin Anshen Decoction on HAMD and PTSD-SS Scores, Cytokines and Related Metabolites in Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Objective: This paper aims to observe the Pearl Yangxin Anshen Decoction to influence the score of HAMD and PTSD-SS, the changes of the cytokines and the related metabolic product in patients with PTSD. Methods: From June 2015 to May 2016, in the traditional Chinese medicine clinics of Hainan Province People’s Hospital, there were 50 patients with PTSD, the age were from 30 to 60, they were randomly divided into treatment group (25 cases) and control group (25 cases), then compared the scores of HAMD and PTSD-SS between the two groups, searched the changes of cytokines and the related metabolic product. Results: In the treatment group: before and after treatment the scores of PTSD-SS were 65.64 ± 7.02, 28.32 ± 4.18, and the scores of HAMD were 29.28 ± 1.97, 11.72 ± 2.13;In the control group: before and after treatment the scores of PTSD-SS were 63.24 ± 6.16, 31.40 ± 4.29, the scores of HAMD were 30.24 ± 2.05, 13.08 ± 2.30. After 3 months patients in treatment group the scores of PTSD-SS and HAMD were lower than the control group (t = 2.570, P = 0.013, t = -2.1640, P = 0.035). In the control group: before and after 3 months treatment the IL-2 levels respectively were 79.84 ± 26.46 pg/ml, 56.18 ± 22.67 pg/ml, the IL-6 levels respectively were 110.83 ± 47.65 pg/ml, 59.67 ± 44.68 pg/ml, the IL-8 levels respectively were 73.11 ± 78.51 pg/ml, 55.83 ± 81.94 pg/ml, the NE levels respectively were 420.04 ± 674.75 pg/ml, 185.31 ± 417.91 pg/ml, the MDA levels respectively were 112.35 ± 62.87 ng/ml, 60.42.33 ± 53.64 ng/ml, the NO levels were 126.6 ± 47.4 μmol/L, 78.6 ± 45.7 μmol/L, the VIP levels were 396.6 ± 144.4 pg/ml, 122.4 ± 111.5 pg/ml. In the treatment group: before and after 3 months treatment the IL-2 levels respectively were 86.00 ± 32.29 pg/ml, 53.84 ± 27.01 pg/ml, the IL-6 levels respectively were 108.21 ± 44.60 pg/ml, 42.46 ± 42.16 pg/ml, the IL-8 levels respectively were 81.48 ± 94.19 pg/ml, 54.07 ± 84.15 pg/ml, the NE levels respectively were 392.93 ± 592.84 pg/ml, 243.85 ± 588.45 pg/ml, the MDA levels respectively were 117.58 ± 63.37 ng/ml, 45.91 ± 38.94 ng/ml, the NO levels respectively were 135.9 ± 46.4 μmol/L, 72.6 ± 46.6 μmol/L, the VIP levels respectively were 414.0 ± 140.1 pg/ml, 185.8 ± 105.3 pg/ml. In the two groups as the extension of treatment time, the content of IL-2, IL-8, IL-6, NE, MDA, NO, and VIP were gradually reduced, and the level of reduction of the treatment group patients was higher than the control group, the change of ACTH and SOD levels just the opposite. Conclusion: The Pearl Yangxin Anshen Decoction could improve the symptoms of psychological anxiety, depression and other psychological problems in patients with PTSD, and influence the change of cytokines and related metabolites product.

Correlation Study of Neurotransmitter and Immune Levels in Pre-Hospital Emergency Nurses with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of PTSD in pre-hospital emergency nurses and its related factors, and to compare the differences of neurotransmitter and immune-related factors between pre-hospital emergency nurses who experienced traumatic events and those who did not develop PTSD and healthy people. How: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Self-Rating Scale (PCL-C) tests were performed on pre-hospital emergency nurses in PTSD group, non-PTSD group and healthy control group, and the plasma monoamine neurotransmitters and serum cytokines were determined by double-antibody sandwich ABC-ELISA assay using enzyme-linked adsorption kit provided by Shanghai Xitang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Results: 1) There were statistically significant differences in PCL-C scores between PTSD group, non-PTSD group and healthy group (p α between PTSD group, non-PTSD group and healthy group (p Conclusion: Pre-hospital emergency nurses should have early psychological intervention and guidance to reduce the occurrence of PTSD in emergency and emergency nurses.

Systematic Analysis of Post-Translational Modifications for Increased Longevity of Biotherapeutic Proteins

Protein-based therapeutics (PPTs) are drugs used to treat a variety of different conditions in the human body by alleviating enzymatic deficiencies, augmenting other proteins and drugs, modulating signal pathways, and more. However, many PPTs struggle from a short half-life due to degradation caused by irreversible protein aggregation in the bloodstream. Currently, the most researched strategies for improving the efficiency and longevity of PPTs are post-translational modifications (PTMs). The goal of our research was to determine which type of PTM increases longevity the most for each of three commonly-used therapeutic proteins by comparing the docking scores (DS) and binding free energies (BFE) from protein aggregation and reception simulations. DS and BFE values were used to create a quantitative index that outputs a relative number from −1 to 1 to show reduced performance, no change, or increased performance. Results showed that methylation was the most beneficial for insulin (p < 0.1) and human growth hormone (p < 0.0001), and both phosphorylation and methylation were somewhat optimal for erythropoietin (p < 0.1 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Acetylation consistently provided the worst benefits with the most negative indices, while methylation had the most positive indices throughout. However, PTM efficacy varied between PPTs, supporting previous studies regarding how each PTM can confer different benefits based on the unique structures of recipient proteins.

Prevalence of Occupational Injury and Knowledge of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Accessibility among Healthcare Workers in Mogadishu, Somalia

Introduction: Healthcare workers in Mogadishu, Somalia face significant occupational injury risks, particularly needle stick injuries, with 61.1% reporting incidents. This poses a serious threat to their health, leading to infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Despite the high prevalence of injuries, awareness of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) accessibility is relatively high, with 84.0% of respondents aware of it. However, there are gaps in knowledge and implementation, as evidenced by variations in availability of PEP. Improving workplace safety measures, providing comprehensive training on injury prevention and PEP protocols, and ensuring consistent availability of PEP in healthcare facilities are crucial steps to safeguard the well-being of healthcare workers in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among hospital workers in Mogadishu, Somalia, focusing on professionals from various healthcare facilities. The study targeted nurses, doctors, laboratory personnel, and pharmacists. Purposive sampling was employed, resulting in a sample size of 383 calculated using Fisher’s sample size formula. Data were collected using coded questionnaires entered into Microsoft Excel 2019 and analyzed with SPSS software to generate frequencies and proportions, presented through frequency tables and pie figures. Results: The study in Mogadishu, Somalia, examined the prevalence of occupational injuries and knowledge of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) accessibility among healthcare workers. Findings indicate a high prevalence of injuries, with 61.1% reporting incidents, predominantly needle stick injuries (60.6%). Despite the majority seeking prompt medical attention (72.0%), work-related illnesses affected 53.2% of respondents, notably work-related stress (59.5%). While most received training on injury and illness prevention (68.9%), gaps exist in PEP awareness, with 16.0% unaware of it. Nonetheless, 84.0% were aware, predominantly through health facilities (52.0%). Availability of PEP was reported by 71.3% in healthcare facilities, with variations in shift availability. The majority reported guidelines for PEP use (55.7%). Efforts are needed to bolster PEP awareness and ensure consistent availability in healthcare facilities to safeguard worker health. Conclusion: High prevalence of occupational injuries among healthcare workers, with needle stick injuries being the most common (60.6%). Despite this, 84.0% of respondents were aware of Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP), primarily learning about it from health facilities (52.0%). While 71.3% reported the availability of PEP in their facility, 28.7% noted its unavailability. These results emphasize the need for improved education and accessibility of PEP to mitigate occupational injury risks.

Development of a Post Quantum Encryption Key Generation Algorithm Using Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Theory

In today’s rapid widespread of digital technologies into all live aspects to enhance efficiency and productivity on the one hand and on the other hand ensure customer engagement, personal data counterfeiting has become a major concern for businesses and end-users. One solution to ensure data security is encryption, where keys are central. There is therefore a need to find robusts key generation implementation that is effective, inexpensive and non-invasive for protecting and preventing data counterfeiting. In this paper, we use the theory of electromagnetic wave propagation to generate encryption keys.

Body Contour in the Post-Bariatric Male Patient

Background: Obesity is currently considered a public health problem. Bariatric procedures have become an important part of obesity management and, consequently, the number of male patients seeking post-bariatric reconstructive procedures have increased. Therefore, the clinical approach and understanding of the body contour of this population have become more relevant. The goal of post-bariatric reconstruction is to enhance the male silhouette through removal of skin and adipose tissue excess, and abdominal rectus diastasis repair. Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of the National Medical Center “20 de Noviembre”. All male patients referred to our department to start a post-bariatric reconstruction protocol from January 2018 to December 2022 were included in this study. Results: In total, 15 patients who underwent corporal contouring procedures were included;median age was 49.2 years with minimum of 33 years, and a maximum of 57 years. Median Body mass index was 28.4 kg/m2 with minimum of 22 kg/m2 and maximum of 38 kg/m2. All patients were treated 18 months after their bariatric surgery. All patients underwent an abdominoplasty as a body contouring procedure. 4 (26.7%) patients presented complications related to the surgery. Conclusion: We described a comprehensive and systematic approach to massive weight loss for male patients, suggesting an abdominal marking based on the patient’s clinical features and the expected results avoiding feminization of the abdominal body contour.

Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics and Plasma Cortisol Concentrations in Individuals with COVID-19 and Post-COVID Syndrome

COVID-19 generates systematic alterations in humans both in active stages of infection and over time, called post-COVID syndrome. Cortisol is a hormone that is overexpressed in inflammation and cellular stress processes. Its main function is to return to physiological homeostasis, so its evaluation together with other clinical parameters can allow us to determine the degree of systemic affectation by COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate changes in clinical parameters and plasma cortisol concentrations in patients with active COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome. Material and Methods: Healthy patients, in stages of mild infection, critical and with post-COVID syndrome, were recruited, obtaining, through clinical diagnoses and interviews, their main clinical characteristics, in addition to plasma, in which cortisol concentrations were determined using competitive ELISA. Results: The critical stage group had higher frequencies of comorbidities, clinical symptoms, as well as more altered laboratory parameters compared to the other subgroups. In the post-COVID syndrome group after the initial infection, most laboratory parameters recovered, however, several clinical symptoms remained latent over time. The determination of cortisol showed an increase in its concentration, being higher in patients in critical stage and with post-COVID syndrome. Conclusion: COVID-19 disease generates clinical alterations that trigger an increase in plasma cortisol. These alterations increase as the stages of infection become more severe and some of them remain altered in patients with post-COVID syndrome.

Principles and Techniques of Post-Traumatic Rhinoplasty: A Review of the Literature

Post-traumatic rhinoplasty is the surgical treatment of the complex functional and aesthetic sequelae of nasal trauma. Correcting a post-traumatic nose is a challenging task, requiring the surgeon to employ a range of techniques and grafts to adequately address the deformities observed. The results of our research show that restoring pre-traumatic form and function remains complex, although many guidelines have been established to refine and optimize the management of the after-effects of nasal trauma. But it is achievable with the right techniques. The objective of our review is to highlight the various post-traumatic nasal sequelae, describe the fundamental principles in the field of post-traumatic rhinoplasty and provide the surgeon with the various existing surgical techniques and strategies so that he or she can make an appropriate choice for the patient.

Application of Critical Discourse Analysis in Post-Colonial Literary Studies

Post-colonial literary studies, as a significant academic field, have recently garnered widespread attention from scholars due to their integration with critical discourse analysis. This study explores the application of critical discourse analysis in post-colonial literary research, focusing on how this method reveals implicit power relations, identity construction, and cultural conflicts within texts. Through in-depth analysis of representative works, this study demonstrates how critical discourse analysis provides new perspectives and methodological tools for post-colonial literary studies. The research finds that critical discourse analysis can effectively deconstruct colonial discourse in texts, reveal authors’ ideological positions, and offer profound insights into understanding the complexity of post-colonial societies. This study not only enriches the methodology of post-colonial literary research, but also provides valuable references for interdisciplinary studies.

ANGPTL4 TSP-1及CyPA与脑卒中后癫痫患者认知功能的关系

目的探讨血管生成素样蛋白4(ANGPTL4)、凝血酶敏感蛋白-1(TSP-1)、亲环素A(CyPA与脑卒中后癫痫患者认知功能的关系。方法选取2021-01—2022-12河南大学第一附属医院神经内科收治的100例脑卒中后癫痫病例进行观察,按简易精神状态量表(MMSE)划分认知障碍标准将患者分为认知障碍组(50例)和认知正常组(50例),应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测2组患者的血清ANGPTL4、TSP-1、CyPA水平,MMSE量表测评2组患者的认知功能。结果与认知正常组比较,认知障碍组患者MMSE评分降低,ANGPTL4、TSP-1、CyPA水平升高(P<0.05);与轻度认知障碍患者比较,中度认知障碍患者血清ANGPTL4、TSP-1、CyPA水平升高(P<0.05);与中度认知障碍患者比较,重度认知障碍患者血清ANGPTL4、TSP-1、CyPA水平升高(P<0.05)。在脑卒中后癫痫患者中,血清ANGPTL4、TSP-1、Cy PA与MMSE评分各维度均呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论脑卒中后癫痫会降低MMSE评分,提高患者血清ANGPTL4、TSP-1、CyPA水平。ANGPTL4、TSP-1、CyPA水平越高,患者认知功能障碍越严重。

电针廉泉穴对吞咽障碍大鼠下颌舌骨肌肌电动作电位及c-Fos的影响

目的探讨电针廉泉穴改善卒中后吞咽障碍的可能作用机制。方法雄性SD大鼠54只,随机分为廉泉组、内关组和空白组,每组18只。其中,每组用于生物学检测12只,用于免疫荧光检测6只。大鼠麻醉后,将肌电电极沿肌纤维方向插入各组用于生物学检测大鼠的下颌舌骨肌,通过微量注射泵(3μL/s,30 s)向大鼠咽喉部注射双蒸水,刺激大鼠咽喉区域诱发吞咽。廉泉组大鼠选取廉泉穴,内关组大鼠选取左侧内关穴,均采用电针,连续波波宽2 ms,频率2 Hz、强度2 mA,持续1 min。空白组不予电针干预。各组用于免疫荧光检测的大鼠电针持续20 min,电针参数同生物学检测大鼠,空白组不予电针干预。用生理信号采集系统记录大鼠吞咽活动(第1次吞咽潜伏期、吞咽运动次数)及下颌舌骨肌肌电动作电位(振幅、频率)。用免疫荧光法检测延髓疑核区c-Fos表达。结果与电针前比较,电针后(损毁前)及电针后(损毁后)廉泉组第1次吞咽潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.01),吞咽运动次数增加(P<0.01),下颌舌骨肌肌电振幅、频率明显上升(P<0.01);内关组各项数据无明显变化(P>0.05);各组双侧疑核化学损毁后,第1次吞咽潜伏期明显延长(P<0.01),吞咽运动次数明显减少(P<0.01),下颌舌骨肌肌电振幅、频率明显下降(P<0.01)。与空白组比较,电针后(损毁前)及电针后(损毁后)廉泉组第一次吞咽潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.01),吞咽运动次数增加(P<0.01),下颌舌骨肌肌电振幅、频率明显上升(P<0.01);内关组各项数据无明显变化(P>0.05)。各组化学损毁双侧疑核后,第1次吞咽潜伏期明显延长(P<0.01),吞咽运动次数明显减少(P<0.01),下颌舌骨肌肌电振幅、频率明显下降(P<0.01)。与空白组相比,廉泉组、内关组疑核的c-Fos阳性细胞数明显增加(P<0.01或P<0.05);与内关组相比,廉泉组疑核的c-Fos阳性细胞数显著增加(P<0.01)。结论在延髓疑核区功能正常的情况下,电针廉泉穴可以改善调节吞咽功能,促进吞咽活动,其作用可能与改善下颌舌骨肌肌电动作电位表达,激活疑核区c-Fos神经元有关;但疑核中哪种受体参与电针对吞咽活动调节,还有待进一步研究。

不同栅氧退火工艺下的SiC MOS电容及其界面电学特性

SiC MOS电容的电学特性和栅氧界面特性是评价和改进SiC MOS器件制造工艺的重要依据。通过依次测试SiC MOS器件的氧化物绝缘特性、界面态密度、偏压温度应力不稳定性(偏压温度应力条件下的平带电压漂移)、氧化物陷阱电荷密度和可动电荷密度的方法,对分别经过氮等离子体氧化后退火(POA)处理、氮氢混合等离子体POA处理、氮氢氧混合等离子体POA处理、氮氢氯混合等离子体POA处理的SiC MOS电容的电学特性和栅氧界面特性进行了分析。结果表明,该方法可以系统地评价SiC MOS电容电学特性和栅氧界面特性,经过氮氢氯混合等离子体POA处理的SiC MOS电容可以满足高温、大场强下长期运行的性能指标。

大兴安岭南段黄岗梁地区早白垩世正长花岗岩成因及构造启示:锆石U−Pb年龄、岩石地球化学和Sr−Nd−Pb同位素证据

【研究目的】大兴安岭南段黄岗梁锡铁矿区及外围发育大面积花岗岩类,加强其成岩时代、岩石成因类型、成岩成矿物质来源等研究,有利于探究该区成岩与成矿关系和早白垩世碰撞造山机制。【研究方法】采集大兴安岭南段黄岗梁锡铁矿区及外围样品,进行岩相学、锆石U−Pb测年、岩石地球化学及Rb−Sr、Sm−Nd、Pb同位素研究。【研究结果】获得岩浆结晶年龄为141.9~139.1 Ma,较成矿年龄早约3 Ma,形成于早白垩世。岩石具有高硅、低铝、低镁、富钾少钠特征,为高钾钙碱性A型花岗岩。(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_(i)和^(143)Nd/^(144)Nd值分别介于0.70031~0.70543和0.512572~0.512636之间,ε_(Nd)(t)值为0.07~1.18,Nd同位素模式年龄T_(DM2)为926~838 Ma。【结论】黄岗梁矽卡岩型锡铁矿床成岩物质于新元古代从亏损地幔分离,在上升侵位过程中受到地壳物质混染。大兴安岭南段地区在早白垩世经历了蒙古–鄂霍次克洋碰撞闭合伸展作用和古太平洋高角度俯冲作用叠加。

梁式桥抗震韧性评估方法:Ⅰ.基于专家意见的构件震后功能恢复模型

梁式桥是中国交通路网中最普遍的桥型,建立其抗震韧性评估方法是“韧性城市”国家战略顺利实施的必然需求,但其中至关重要的梁式桥各构件震后功能恢复模型尚未建立。震后功能恢复模型表征了结构在遭受地震后使用功能损失-保持-恢复的过程。为填补这一空白,该文第一部分采用专家意见调研的方法,构建了梁式桥主要受力构件(墩柱、主梁、支座、基础、桥台)和次要受力构件(挡块、伸缩缝)的震后功能恢复模型。首先,系统地定义了各构件的多级损伤状态和性能指标;然后,设计了调研问卷,面向全国各地124位桥梁设计、科研、施工、检测、养护、加固领域的专家,征询各构件不同损伤状态下的桥梁震后通行决策、残余通行功能、决策时间、构件修复策略与时间、以及构件修复期间桥梁残余通行功能;最后,通过对调研结果的统计分析,建立了梁式桥各构件的震后功能恢复模型。该文第二部分将利用该模型对我国量大面广的板式支座梁式桥开展抗震韧性评估研究。

低剂量抗胸腺细胞球蛋白联合移植后环磷酰胺对急性白血病造血干细胞移植后的影响

目的分析低剂量抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)联合移植后环磷酰胺(PTCy)对儿童急性白血病亲缘单倍体造血干细胞移植(HSCT)预后的影响。方法回顾性选取2016年1月至2022年8月在首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院接受亲缘单倍体HSCT的35例急性白血病患儿,采用减低强度预处理,使用ATG联合PTCy预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)。所有患儿根据ATG剂量高低分为低剂量ATG组(总剂量2.5~5.0 mg/kg,n=15)和高剂量ATG组(总剂量7.5~10.0 mg/kg,n=20)。分析两组患儿急慢性GVHD、造血植入、巨细胞病毒(CMV)和EB病毒(EBV)活化、总体生存、复发、无白血病生存(LFS)、无GVHD/无复发生存(GRFS)和非复发死亡(NRM)的差异,并进行生存分析。结果两组患儿的急性GVHD、Ⅱ~Ⅳ级急性GVHD、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级急性GVHD、慢性GVHD发生率以及中性粒细胞植入时间和血小板植入时间、CMV和EBV活化率、总体生存率、LFS、复发率、GRFS、NRM比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。进一步Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示,高剂量ATG组移植后1年内的复发率高于低剂量ATG组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素Cox回归分析显示,移植后复发是影响生存的危险因素(P<0.05);多因素Cox回归分析显示,移植后复发和移植前疾病状态是影响生存的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论低剂量ATG联合PTCy预防儿童急性白血病移植后GVHD,患儿移植后早期复发风险低,对GVHD的预防效果与高剂量ATG相同,有望进一步改善患儿移植后生存。

侠本体、历史化与“后金庸”问题——金庸武侠小说经典建构兼谈武侠文类发展前景

在金庸由热趋冷的背景下探讨其武侠小说经典建构,有必要超越一般创作特征或文学史分析的研究思路,将审视目光投向侠本体、历史化并下涉“后金庸”问题。所谓侠本体,是指武侠作为类型文学所具有的一贯性和统一性的创作范式,它须联系金庸基于雅俗认知对其小说版本所作的“正反双向”关系处理及所呈现的自我“矛盾”展开阐释。所谓历史化,是指历史意识及其作品中的历史元素,对于金庸而言,最可称道的是其对民族关系与历史政治化特质的有关描写。所谓“后金庸”,则是将其武侠放在从“港台主导”向“大陆主体”转换的历史延长线上,通过金庸与“后金庸”的互动关联及“连续性”关系,一方面展示其经典建构的当下意义,另一方面由此对武侠文类发展前景作出合乎逻辑的预判。

重审利奥塔的后现代智术

学界对利奥塔的关注,大多仅聚焦于后现代主义哲学家这个标签,这有所偏颇。从虚无主义和智者派两个要点对利奥塔思想发展进行某种贯穿性的理解,我们发现,利奥塔自己的虚无主义大致经历了从相对之还原向绝对之深渊的转变,并可概括为虚无、事件、体验等关键要点。这也为我们重释《后现代状态》和《异识》等代表作提供了重要线索。而利奥塔由此得出的“无标准之判断”这个基本思路也就在很大程度上突破了康德的第三批判的范式,进而与智者、异教主义这些看似边缘而极端的思想运动产生了密切关联。反转、计谋、时机等等,这些古老的智术不断被利奥塔转用于当下的后现代世界之中,成为哲学判断的有力契机。