近代农业商品化发展的不均衡性与农作物种植的多样选择——以淮北沂沭河流域为例

近代淮北沂沭河流域拥有较为发达的铁路、水运交通,且粮食作物种植面积、产出比重较高,但流域内大部分县区并没有将小麦等主要粮食作物纳入农业商品化领域,反而出现了较为突出的种粮自给局面。出现这种局面,当与沂沭河流域农业耕作环境较差、粮食作物总产量低以及商业购粮成本高昂等密切相关。沂沭河流域在近代实行了一种农业低商品化发展模式,即以有限的耕作面积种植花生等高商业价值作物,大部分的农业地域仍以自给粮食作物为主。这种模式既反映了近代中国对外农业商品贸易的脆弱性和不确定性,同时也在客观上起到了保护沂沭河流域农业生产稳定性的历史作用。

Tectonic Taphrogenesis and Paleoseismic Records from the Yishu Fault Zone in the Initial Stage of the Caledonian Movement

The Yishu fault zone （mid-segment of the Tanlu fault zone） was formed in the Presinian. Periodic tectonic activities and strong seismic events have occurred along the fault zone. During the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, with the proceeding of the marine transgression from the Yishu paleo-channel to the western Shandong, uneven thick sediments, composed mainly of sand, mud and carbonates of littoral, lagoon, and neritic facies, were deposited in the Yishu fault zone and western Shandong, and constructed the bottom part of the Lower Cambrian consisting of the Liguan and Zhushadong formations. Through field observations and the lab-examinations, various paleoseismic records have been discovered in the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formations of the Yishu fault zone and its vicinity, including some layers with syn-sedimentary deformation structures that were triggered by strong earthquakes （i.e. seismite, seismo-olistostrome, and seismo-turbidite）. Paleoseismic records developed in the Zhushadong Formation are mainly seismites with soft-sediment deformation structures, such as liquefied diapir, small liquefied-carbonate lime-mud volcano, liquefied vein, liquefied breccia, convolute deformation （seismic fold）, graded fault, soft siliceous vein, and deformation stromatolite, as well as seismites with brittle deformation structures of semiconsolidated sediments. Paleoseismic records preserved in the Liguan Formation are not only seismo-olistostrome with a slump fold, load structure, and ball-and-pillows, but also seismo-turbidite with convolution bedding, graded bedding and wavy-bedding. However, in the western Shandong area, the closer to the Yishu fault zone, the greater the thickness of the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formation, the greater the number and type of layers with paleoseismic records, and the higher the earthquake intensity reflected by associations of seismic records. This evidence indicates that tectonic taphrogenesis accompanied by strong earthquake events occurred in the Yishu fault zone during the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, which embodied the break-up of the Sino-Korean Plate along the Paleo-Tanlu fault zone at that time.

Environmental change and cultural response around 4200 cal. yr BP in the Yishu River Basin, Shandong

Neolithic culture series in the Yishu River Basin developed in the order of Beixin culture-Dawenkou culture-Longshan culture-Yueshi culture. During the early and middle stage of Longshan culture （4600-4300 cal. yr BP）, the climate in the Yishu River Basin was warm and wet. Paddy-oriented agriculture planted paddy was very developed. The society was flourishing with great amount of archaeological sites. The cooling starting in 4200 cal. yr BP made the paddies shortfall in output or even no seeds were gathered. This situation intensified the discrepancy between population and resource. The scarcity in natural resource led to substantial decrease in population and subsequent drop in archaeological sites. About 4000 cal. yr BP Longshan culture was displaced by Yueshi culture which was relatively un- derdeveloped, simple and unsophisticated.

Late Cretaceous Transpressional Fault System: A Case Study of the Yishu Fault Belt, Shandong Province, Eastern China

On the basis of field observations of the structures of three profiles from the Linshu region, deformation characteristics and the tectonic background of the Yishu fault belt in the Late Cretaceous–Early Cenozoic have been discussed in detail.Three structural profiles, whose deformations consist mainly of earlier transpressional faults and later normal faults, were developed for the Mengtuan Formation of the Lower Cretaceous Dasheng Group.Typical positive flower structures, duplex structures, and break-through faults were found in these profiles.On the basis of analyses of the structural deformation and previous geochronological studies, it was concluded that the earlier transpressional faults of the profiles were triggered by the sinistral transpression of the Yishu fault belt in the Late Cretaceous–Early Paleogene, and that the later normal faults, formed during the Late Paleogene–Neogene extension, truncated the earlier transpressional faults.With consideration of the tectonic evolution of the Tan-Lu fault belt and the different drift directions of the Pacific plate since the Cretaceous, we suggest that the major tectonic events of the Late Cretaceous–Neogene in eastern China were mainly controlled by the subduction of the Pacific plate.

Study on group intervention regarding interpersonal trust among college students with campus psychodrama

Purpose: To explore the interventional effects of campus psychodrama on improving the interpersonal trust among college students. Methods: 16 college students with low levels of interpersonal trust were selected to conduct 5 sessions of psychodrama therapy. Results: The subject group has gone through stages of ice breaking, performance, and sharing. Through group counseling with psychodrama, the social avoidance and distressful behaviors of the subjects have been alleviated, and their levels of interpersonal trust demonstrated notable change. Conclusion: Campus psychodrama is an effective group counseling approach for improving college students’ interpersonal trust.

The Fractal Feature of Granulometric Composition in Fault Gouges from the Yishu Fault Zone and Adjacent Northwest-Trending Faults and Its Seismo-geological Implications

In this work,the fractal dimension of granulometric composition in the fault gouge from the Yishu fault zone and northwest-trending faults on its west side is calculated and studied based on the fractal theory of rock fragmentation.The seismo-geological implications of the fractal dimension of granulometric composition in fault gouges are also discussed.The results show that the Yishu fault zone is more active than the northwest-trending faults and the Anqiu-Juxian fault is the most active in the Yishu fault zone.The fractal dimension of fault gouge is a parameter describing the relative active age and rupture mode of the fault and forming age of the fault gouge.The fractal dimension value is also related to the parent rock,thickness,structural position,and clay content of the fault gouge.

Helium and argon isotopic compositions of the Longquanzhan gold deposit in the Yishu fault zone and their geological implications

The Longquanzhan gold deposit hosted in granitic cataclasites with mylontization of the foot wall of the main Yishui-Tangtou fault. 3He/4He ratios in fluid inclusions range from 0. 14 to 0. 24 R/Ra,close to those of the crust-source helium. 40Ar/36Ar ratios were measured to be 289-1811, slightly higher than those of atmospheric argon. The results of analysis of helium and argon isotopes suggested that ore-forming fluids were derived chiefly from the crust. The δ18O values of fluid inclusions from vein quartz range from -1.78‰ to 4.07‰, and the δD values of the fluid inclusions vary between -74‰ and -77‰. The hydrogen and oxygen isotope data indicated that the ore-forming fluid for the Longquanzhan gold deposit had mixed with meteoric water in the process of mineralization. This is consistent with the conclusion from the helium and argon isotope data.

Using psychodrama to relieve social barriers in an autistic child:A case study and literature review

Objective:To review and update the evidence for the effect of psychodrama for children with autism,and evaluate the effect of psychodrama on an autistic child with severe social barriers,using the theory of mind and psychodrama methodology as the analytical frameworks.Methods:A 5 year-old boy,the research object,was diagnosed as severe autism using behavior observation and autism screening tools,with an DSM-Ⅵcriteria.Autism symptom severity was usually measured by Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS)and Autism Behavior Checklist(ABC)in research of autism.In this study,the autistic boy accepted psychodrama training and was measured with CARS before and after the entire training program.The ABC was adopted to evaluate him after each intervention program.Meanwhile the entire training process was recorded.The evaluation criterion consists of four aspects including eye contact,following instructions,focusing attention and imitation ability.Finally,all live records and changes presented in volume tables were analyzed.Results:The patient's social barriers were relieved at the end of the third month of the training program.The CARS data shows a shift fromthe severe to moderate level of autism.Conclusions:It was possible for autistic children to relieve social barriers by implementing psychodrama training,then to improve the social cognitive ability and enhance the social function of the autistic children.These results provided basic Clinical implications for exploring a new intervention technique to reduce autistic symptom severity.

少年精神障碍住院患者心理剧治疗效果的定性研究

目的:探讨心理剧治疗对少年精神障碍住院患者的效果。方法:在某医院住院儿童病房招募精神障碍患者22例(年龄12~18岁),根据访谈提纲对连续参加4次心理剧治疗的患者(均按常规服用精神科药物)进行半结构式访谈,采用扎根理论的方法对访谈资料进行深度分析,采用自编心理剧治疗参与感受及评价调查表调查患者参加心理剧治疗后的感受、收获或变化。结果:访谈分析发现,心理剧治疗的效果包括减轻症状、提高自尊程度、促进功能康复和提高社会适应能力4个方面。自编心理剧治疗参与感受及评价调查表结果显示,排名前4位的是促进人际关系、有趣、愿意继续参加和提高自信。结论:心理剧治疗对少年精神障碍住院患者具有辅助治疗作用,可促进自尊水平和社交能力的提升。

Antidepressants combined with psychodrama improve the coping style and cognitive control network in patients with childhood trauma-associated major depressive disorder

BACKGROUND The use of antidepressant therapy alone has a limited efficacy in patients with childhood trauma-associated major depressive disorder(MDD).However,the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment combined with psychodrama in these patients is unclear.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment combined with psychodrama.METHODS Patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD treated with antidepressants were randomly assigned to either the psychodrama intervention(observation group)or the general health education intervention(control group)and received combination treatment for 6 mo.The observation group received general health education given by the investigator together with the“semi-structured group intervention model”of Yi Shu psychodrama.A total of 46 patients were recruited,including 29 cases in the observation group and 17 cases in the control group.Symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as coping style and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS Symptoms of depression and anxiety,measured by the Hamilton Depression Scale,Beck Depression Inventory,and Beck Anxiety Inventory,were reduced after the intervention in both groups of patients.The coping style of the observation group improved significantly in contrast to the control group,which did not.In addition,an interaction between treatment and time in the right superior parietal gyrus node was found.Furthermore,functional connectivity between the right superior parietal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus in the observation group increased after the intervention,while in the control group the connectivity decreased.CONCLUSION This study supports the use of combined treatment with antidepressants and psychodrama to improve the coping style of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD.Functional connectivity between the superior parietal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus was increased after this combined treatment.We speculate that psychodrama enhances the internal connectivity of the cognitive control network and corrects the negative attention bias of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD.Elucidating the neurobiological features of patients with childhood trauma-associated MDD is important for the development of methods that can assist in early diagnosis and intervention.

Focus Group Discussion—Psychodrama in Corporate Environment: Leverage of Investigation of Employees’ Origins of Dissatisfaction within Fludor Benin SA

Background: Employees’ dissatisfaction is as a result of confrontations of two divergent views, compliance with collective labor agreement and the company’s profitability requirements. However, the documentation of internal and external environmental impacts on the employees is poor. Our objective was to study workers’ origin of dissatisfaction from the negative impact of Fludor Benin SA internal and external environment. Population and methods: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted from 11th September 2013 to 08th January 2014, on Fludor Benin SA employees. Data collection was carried out over ten (10) sessions through administration of Focus Group Discussion modules coupled with psychodrama (FGD-psychodrama) and conducted fortnightly. The module was intended for a group of twelve employees per session. It lasted 2 hours and ended with a game comprising a set of sixteen (16) cards. Each participant’s 16-card deck allowed the “player” to identify the likely origin of his dissatisfaction at work. Results: One hundred and twenty (120) employees were expected, but only ninety-nine (99) had participated in the FGD-psychodrama. The rate of participation was 82.5%. The average age of the employees was 35.4 ± 7.4 years, while sex-ratio was 23.75. Average seniority was 9.3 ± 3.2 years. The employees’ robot profile was: 39 (39.39%) passive employees, 18 (18.19%) disappointed employees, 17 (17.17%) unmotivated employees, 14 (14.14%) dedicated to the company but barely recognized and 11 (11.11%) unhappy employees. The reasons for dissatisfaction originated from matrimonial home 25 (25.25%), workplace 23 (23.23%) and use of drugs 11 (11.11%). Seventy-seven 77 (77.78%) employees were satisfied with the FGD-psychodrama modules. Conclusion: FGD-psychodrama may be an effective tool to restore unhealthy corporate atmosphere, help employees to discern the origin of their dissatisfaction and change their perception about stressful situations prevailing in their workplace.

Groundwater system analysis of south Yishu geosyncline

South Yishu geosyncline is 50 km southeast of Changchun City of Jilin Province, where an aquifer is thick,surface runoff is abundant and it has potential to develop water resources preferably. By means of system analysis, the authors analyse the structural characteristics, I/O characteristics, function characteristics and boundary and environment characteristics of the groundwater system, so as to search for a way of optimizing water resources arrangement and enhancing water resources'bearing capacity. Based on the analysis results, the authors abstract conceptual model and mathematical model of the groundwater system. The simulation results certify and enrich the knowledge about south Yishu geosyncline.

鲁中南典型地热区地热水氟分布特征及其驱动机制

山东省鲁中南典型地热区主要包括沂沭断裂带地热区和鲁中隆起地热区,为了探明研究区地热水氟分布特征及其富集规律,综合运用水化学图解、地球化学模拟和主成分分析等方法,分析沂沭断裂带地热区和鲁中隆起地热区地热水水化学数据。结果表明:研究区地热水以Na-Ca-Cl型、Na-Ca-SO_(4)-Cl型和Na-Cl^(-)SO 4型为主,基本为弱碱性水,优势阳离子为Na^(+),氟质量浓度在0.38~4.5 mg/L之间,富钠弱碱性环境有利于地热水中氟的富集。地热水中F-质量浓度与Na^(+)、Cl^(-)和总溶解固体(TDS)质量浓度呈显著正相关,而沂沭断裂带地热水样中F-质量浓度还与K^(+)、SO_(4)^(2-)质量浓度呈显著正相关,与Mg^(2+)和HCO_(3)质量浓度呈显著负相关;鲁中隆起地热区地热水中阳离子交换作用较沂沭断裂带地热区更为强烈,Na^(+)反应强度明显强于Mg^(2+)。鲁中隆起地热区和沂沭断裂带地热区均为裂隙型热储,热储岩性分别为石灰岩、灰岩热蚀变带和安山岩破碎带,水岩作用强烈。研究区地热水中氟离子的物质来源主要为萤石等含氟矿物的溶解沉淀,受控于阳离子交换等水岩相互作用影响,最终形成高氟地热水,其中高温和富钠对研究区地热水中氟离子富集影响较大。研究成果为地热资源开发利用提供了参考。

张尔田与章学诚——兼论张氏对内藤湖南的学术影响

张尔田是清末民初学界接受和传播章学诚思想的关键助推者。张氏依靠对章学诚著作的阅读和吸收确立了自己的学术地位,化用章学诚史学思想而著《史微》,形成了独特的学术风格,并受到日本章学诚研究的先导者内藤湖南的高度推崇。在《章氏遗书》的刊刻过程中,张氏积极助力,并将章学诚的史学思想视为矫正学风和时弊的良方。对张尔田在章学诚研究中的学术谱系及中外交互渗透面向的探查,能够在学术史中更好地还原民国初年章学诚研究热的端绪。

心理剧团体在大学生人际关系能力发展中的应用研究

为探索心理剧团体对大学生人际关系的干预效果,选取某高校有人际困扰大学生34人分成实验组18人和对照组16人。对实验组进行每周1次心理剧团体干预,共计8次,对照组不参加任何心理辅导活动,两组大学生干预前后用人际关系综合诊断量表进行测评。实验组干预前后的人际关系量表各因子及总分有显著差异,对照组干预前后的人际关系量表各因子及总分没有显著差异。结果表明,心理剧团体可以显著提升大学生人际关系能力。

郝懿行《尔雅义疏》形容词性联绵词丛考

联绵词在汉语复音化过程中处于一种特殊的位置,同时由于多种因素影响其联绵化过程中多有异形产生,其异形之产生和使用当有其理据性所循。郝懿行在其《尔雅》注本《尔雅义疏》中所收联绵词甚繁,并对所录之联绵词通过系联各种不同语音形式、探求音义关系的方式对其进行翔实的考证,反映出其独特的联绵词观。文章依郝懿行《尔雅义疏》,选取形容词性联绵词中具备三个及三个以上语音形式的有代表性的叠音形式和非叠音形式的联绵词进行音义关系的考释和系联,试探究联绵词在联绵化过程中语音、语义的发展演变趋势,并对郝懿行的联绵词观进行一些新的揭示。

基于改进的多分量频率-贝塞尔变换法研究郯庐断裂带潍坊段上地壳径向各向异性结构

郯庐断裂带潍坊段位于郯庐断裂带中部,具有复杂的地质结构,总体呈现“两堑夹一垒”的构造格局.相比于郯庐断裂带其他区域,潍坊段地震活动性较弱,属于地震空区,未来发生大地震的可能性尚不明确.前人对该地区的研究目前仅局限于速度结构和方位各向异性结构,对于上地壳径向各向异性结构特征鲜有报道.因此,研究该区域上地壳速度模型和径向各向异性结构,有助于更好地认识郯庐断裂带潍坊段浅地壳(<10 km)变形特征,评估该区域发生地震的可能性.我们利用2017年在潍坊段所布设的302个短周期地震仪采集的背景噪声数据,基于改进的多分量频率-贝塞尔变换(MMFJ)法,同时提取到潍坊段东南侧四个区域子阵列的Rayleigh波和Love波的基阶及高阶频散数据,并且进一步反演这些频散数据得到了SV波和SH波速度以及径向各向异性结构.数值实验结果表明,高阶模式频散数据的加入能够降低反演的非唯一性,更好地约束浅地壳径向各向异性结构.实例中的径向各向异性结果表明,郯庐断裂带潍坊段四个区域都有近似相同的变形特征:在约2 km以浅,径向各向异性为负(V_(SH)<V_(SV)),这可能主要源于潍坊段垂向断裂结构的控制作用;5~7.5 km,径向各向异性为正(V_(SH)>V_(SV)),这可能与早期地壳伸展沉积导致的水平变形结构有关.2~5 km,四个区域径向各向异性结构各有不同,但总体处于由负到正的转折状态.这可能因为2~5 km不仅受到断裂结构的控制作用,也受到水平沉积结构的影响,导致径向各向异性结构较为复杂.

吉林省伊舒盆地地热流体特性及储量计算

吉林省伊舒盆地地层富水性良好、地热资源丰富,具有良好的地热资源开发利用前景。基于研究区伊舒盆地已有地热地质调查和评价资料,结合相关标准、规范和水化学方法,梳理分析研究区水文地质和地热地质条件,探讨了研究区内地热流体赋存条件、水化学和同位素组成特征,并利用热储岩体参数计算研究区的地热储量。结论表明:研究区地热流体主要赋存于深层碎屑岩类裂隙孔隙中,形成条件具有较高相似性和一定的同源性,溶解性固体(total dissolved solids,TDS)较高、含氟和偏硅酸的低温碱性地下热水,水化学类型为HCO_(3)^(-)-Na^(+)型。氢氧同位素组成表明,研究区地下流体补给以古降水为主,地热流体年龄为27 Ka。地热流体储存水量为4.20×10^(10)m^(3),年可开采量为3446.94×10^(4)m^(3)/a。研究成果可为吉林省后续地热资源管理、开发和利用提供科学依据。

高速公路建设对沂沭河湿地公园生态影响评价

临沂至东海(鲁苏界)高速公路以桥梁的形式跨越山东沂沭河国家湿地公园,通过对项目区生态环境现状的调查,结合生态保护目标、生态影响因子的判断,制定生态保护措施,并提出建议。评价认为:在严格落实生态保护措施和工程管理措施的前提下,工程建设和运营期对湿地公园资源、环境和生物多样性的影响可接受,从生态环境保护的角度,项目建设是可接受的。

临沂市水旱灾害防御工作实践

以临沂市2023年水旱灾害防御工作为背景,以科学精细实施“四个调度”为重点,坚持系统观念引领,围绕“汛前—汛中—汛后”全过程和“雨前—雨中—雨后”各环节特点,对水旱灾害防御全过程精准管控实践情况进行回顾梳理,分析不同过程、不同环节水工程精细调度运用方式和调度效果,为全过程做好水旱灾害防御工作提供临沂样板。