An SIR model of Zika virus (ZIKV) spread is formulated that includes ZIKV infections to newborns. Analytically, the model has one disease free and one endemic equilibrium point. The free one is stable for some conditi...An SIR model of Zika virus (ZIKV) spread is formulated that includes ZIKV infections to newborns. Analytically, the model has one disease free and one endemic equilibrium point. The free one is stable for some conditions when R0 and unstable when R0>1. In Brazil, when R0≈2>1 ZIKV infections expand and for R0 = 0.875R0) of the model. There are parameters for human-mosquito transmission and some for sexual-transmission factor. It appears that controlling spread of ZIKV infections by human-mosquito transmission may greatly reduce the value of R0.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the focus of authorities and health organizations with respect to other infectious diseases. This review aims to examine the changes in global epidemiological parameters related to Zi...The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the focus of authorities and health organizations with respect to other infectious diseases. This review aims to examine the changes in global epidemiological parameters related to Zika virus during the COVID-19 pandemic and the progress made since 2020 in various aspects of infection. A narrative review was conducted, focusing on articles published between January 2020 and June 2023, covering epidemiology, pathogenicity, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of Zika virus. The findings of this survey reveal that there has been a significant decrease in reported cases of Zika virus infection during the COVID-19 pandemic, however, advancements have been made in understanding the pathogenicity of the virus and the development of new diagnostic methods, vaccines, and treatments. The lessons learned from the response to COVID-19 have played a pivotal role in guiding efforts that have resulted in progress regarding various aspects related to Zika virus infection.展开更多
Zika virus is a new global threat for 2016 that has been swept to almost all Americas and is now posing serious threats to the entire globe.This deadly virus is playing havoc to unborn lives because of its reported as...Zika virus is a new global threat for 2016 that has been swept to almost all Americas and is now posing serious threats to the entire globe.This deadly virus is playing havoc to unborn lives because of its reported association with upsurge of fetal deformation called microcephaly and neuropathic disorders including Guillain-Barrésyndrome.Till today,there is no vaccine prospect,antiviral therapy or licensed medical countermeasures to curb the teratogenic outcomes of this destructive viral infection.Diagnosis,treatment,chronicity and pathogenesis are still vague and unsettled.Therefore,this review article addresses all the aspects related to this disease to mitigate the explosive rise in Zika virus infection.展开更多
Dear editor,Zika virus(ZIKV)crisis,which caught Brazil in 2015,heralded the rapid spread throughout Americas and has imparted catastrophic devastation to human population in the form of severe
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus that can be identified as a small envelope with a positive-stranded RNA and an important medical pathogen, which causes deadly human diseases. The virus is carried by Aedes aegypti mo...Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus that can be identified as a small envelope with a positive-stranded RNA and an important medical pathogen, which causes deadly human diseases. The virus is carried by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes through a blood meal and it is also spread through body fluids. ZIKV infection may present with symptoms like fever, myalgia, maculopapular rash as well as neurological sequelae, which include, microcephaly, epilepsy, and Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS). This put the virus on a scale of the public health burden of almost 87 countries. The potential threat of ZIKV infection is not completely eradicated in many countries in Africa, America, and the Western Pacific regions. There are no vaccines and treatments available to date. Since ZIKV causes microcephaly in utero by targeting neural progenitor cells, inducing apoptosis, and impairing neurodevelopment, this article hopes to evaluate the neurological disorders associated with the Zika virus infection while elucidating the current trends in the development of vaccines and drugs.展开更多
Background: Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) during pregnancy is known to cause birth defects and could also be linked to pregnancy loss. Case: A pregnant woman in Puerto Rico contracted ZIKV at 16 weeks gestation. ZI...Background: Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) during pregnancy is known to cause birth defects and could also be linked to pregnancy loss. Case: A pregnant woman in Puerto Rico contracted ZIKV at 16 weeks gestation. ZIKV RNA persisted in serum from her initial test at 16 weeks through 24 weeks gestation, when fetal demise occurred, and was detected in placental tissue. Conclusion: Prolonged detection of ZIKV RNA in maternal serum was associated with ZIKV RNA detection in the placenta of a patient who experienced fetal demise. While detection of placenta ZIKV RNA does not establish that ZIKV conclusively caused the demise, these findings support emerging evidence that the placenta may serve as a reservoir for ZIKV, which may be associated with prolonged detection of ZIKV RNA in serum.展开更多
文摘An SIR model of Zika virus (ZIKV) spread is formulated that includes ZIKV infections to newborns. Analytically, the model has one disease free and one endemic equilibrium point. The free one is stable for some conditions when R0 and unstable when R0>1. In Brazil, when R0≈2>1 ZIKV infections expand and for R0 = 0.875R0) of the model. There are parameters for human-mosquito transmission and some for sexual-transmission factor. It appears that controlling spread of ZIKV infections by human-mosquito transmission may greatly reduce the value of R0.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the focus of authorities and health organizations with respect to other infectious diseases. This review aims to examine the changes in global epidemiological parameters related to Zika virus during the COVID-19 pandemic and the progress made since 2020 in various aspects of infection. A narrative review was conducted, focusing on articles published between January 2020 and June 2023, covering epidemiology, pathogenicity, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of Zika virus. The findings of this survey reveal that there has been a significant decrease in reported cases of Zika virus infection during the COVID-19 pandemic, however, advancements have been made in understanding the pathogenicity of the virus and the development of new diagnostic methods, vaccines, and treatments. The lessons learned from the response to COVID-19 have played a pivotal role in guiding efforts that have resulted in progress regarding various aspects related to Zika virus infection.
文摘Zika virus is a new global threat for 2016 that has been swept to almost all Americas and is now posing serious threats to the entire globe.This deadly virus is playing havoc to unborn lives because of its reported association with upsurge of fetal deformation called microcephaly and neuropathic disorders including Guillain-Barrésyndrome.Till today,there is no vaccine prospect,antiviral therapy or licensed medical countermeasures to curb the teratogenic outcomes of this destructive viral infection.Diagnosis,treatment,chronicity and pathogenesis are still vague and unsettled.Therefore,this review article addresses all the aspects related to this disease to mitigate the explosive rise in Zika virus infection.
文摘Dear editor,Zika virus(ZIKV)crisis,which caught Brazil in 2015,heralded the rapid spread throughout Americas and has imparted catastrophic devastation to human population in the form of severe
文摘Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus that can be identified as a small envelope with a positive-stranded RNA and an important medical pathogen, which causes deadly human diseases. The virus is carried by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes through a blood meal and it is also spread through body fluids. ZIKV infection may present with symptoms like fever, myalgia, maculopapular rash as well as neurological sequelae, which include, microcephaly, epilepsy, and Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS). This put the virus on a scale of the public health burden of almost 87 countries. The potential threat of ZIKV infection is not completely eradicated in many countries in Africa, America, and the Western Pacific regions. There are no vaccines and treatments available to date. Since ZIKV causes microcephaly in utero by targeting neural progenitor cells, inducing apoptosis, and impairing neurodevelopment, this article hopes to evaluate the neurological disorders associated with the Zika virus infection while elucidating the current trends in the development of vaccines and drugs.
文摘Background: Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) during pregnancy is known to cause birth defects and could also be linked to pregnancy loss. Case: A pregnant woman in Puerto Rico contracted ZIKV at 16 weeks gestation. ZIKV RNA persisted in serum from her initial test at 16 weeks through 24 weeks gestation, when fetal demise occurred, and was detected in placental tissue. Conclusion: Prolonged detection of ZIKV RNA in maternal serum was associated with ZIKV RNA detection in the placenta of a patient who experienced fetal demise. While detection of placenta ZIKV RNA does not establish that ZIKV conclusively caused the demise, these findings support emerging evidence that the placenta may serve as a reservoir for ZIKV, which may be associated with prolonged detection of ZIKV RNA in serum.
