不同给药方式下蓝莓花青素的镇痛作用研究

通过构建小鼠温浴甩尾模型,研究不同给药方式下,蓝莓花青素的镇痛作用,并通过测量其一氧化碳(NO)含量和丙二醛(MDA)含量研究其可能的作用机制。结果表明,10 mg/kg蓝莓花青素能够延长小鼠疼痛的潜伏期,提高其抑制率;腹腔注射比皮下注射药物吸收速度更快;花青素能够减少大脑和血液中MDA的含量(P<0.05),同时,与空白组相比,NO的含量相应降低(P<0.05)。说明蓝莓花青素的镇痛效果可能与给药方式相关,其可能的作用机制与组织中MDA含量的降低及抑制NO的释放有关。

LPS直接及间接作用致小鼠急性肺损伤模型的建立

目的呼吸系统的急性炎症所致的急性肺损伤(ALI)是临床常见的急症、重症,也是目前实验研究的热点。在对其发病机制和治疗手段的探讨过程中,动物模型的有效建立极其重要。方法本实验比较了气道内直接滴入和腹腔注射给入两种LPS给入方式,通过组织学病理评价、炎症细胞的细胞学反应,炎症反应细胞分泌物蛋白水平的变化等炎症反应指标,评价了LPS两种不同的给入方式对小鼠急性肺损伤(ALI)模型建立的有效性。结果组织学水平显示,气道内直接滴入LPS肺组织炎性细胞浸润的病理改变较腹腔注射LPS组更明显,肺损伤的组织学病理改变也更明显;细胞学水平,气道内直接给入LPS组肺泡灌洗液可见较多中性粒细胞渗出,而腹腔注射LPS组肺泡灌洗液中性粒细胞渗出少,与腹腔注射生理盐水组无差别;细胞因子水平,气道内直接滴入LPS肺组织组肺泡灌洗液蛋白水平明显升高,高于生理盐水对照组和腹腔注射LPS组。结论气道内直接滴入LPS是一种有效的小鼠急性肺损伤模型制备方法,可通过LPS的直接气道内分散和刺激至直接肺损伤。

门冬氨酸左氧氟沙星与其他左氧氟沙星盐的药动学比较

目的对门冬氨酸左氧氟沙星与其他左氧氟沙星盐在大鼠体内进行了药动学比较.方法以替硝唑为内标,血浆样品经乙腈沉淀蛋白后,采用高效液相的方法进行了测定.结果线性范围0.5～25μg/ml,日内、间精密度RSD均＜6%,平均回收率大于89%.大鼠腹腔注射门冬氨酸左氧氟沙星、盐酸左氧氟沙星、乳酸左氧氟沙星和左氧氟沙星,测定不同时间的药物浓度,所得的主要药物动力学参数:门冬氨酸左氧氟沙星t 1/2Ka=7.461min、t1/2α=16.499min、t1/2β(min)=218.989min、tmax=22.600min、AUC=1202.262(μg·min)/ml;盐酸左氧氟沙星t1/2Ka=0.064min、t1/2Ke=24.155min、tmax=3.433min、Cmax=10.946μg/ml、AUC=420.925(μg·min)/ml;乳酸左氧氟沙星t1/2Ka=0.409min、t1/2Ke=13.576min、tmax=2.131min、Cmax=13.042μg/ml、AUC=282.797(μg·min)/ml;左氧氟沙星t1/2Ka=0.977min、t1/2Ke=8.519min、tmax=3.448min、Cmax=13.624μg/ml、AUC=221.667(μg·min)/ml.结论门冬氨酸左氧氟沙星在大鼠体内的生物利用度比左氧氟沙星及其盐有所提高.

腹腔注射重组腺病毒诱导的免疫反应

为研究重组腺病毒接种实验动物后的免疫反应性，利用ＲＴ－Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ方法，从ＨＡＶ的ＲＮＡ中克隆了结构蛋白基因插入穿梭质粒ｐＸＣＸ２Ｎｏｔ Ｉ，通过磷酸钙－ＤＮＡ共 沉淀技术，将复制缺陷型腺病毒载体与线形化的ｐＸＣＸ２－ＣＭＶ－ＨＡＶ共转染２９３细胞。一系列检测方法证明产生了重组腺病毒ｒＡｄＨＡＶ。纯化后的ｒＡｄＨＡＶ滴度为１×１０９ＴＣＩＤ５０／ｍＬ ，腹腔注射免疫昆明种小白鼠后，可诱导产生抗ＨＡＶ ＩｇＧ和ＨＡＶ中和抗体。复制缺陷型腺病毒 可作为发展基因工程病毒疫苗载体的有效系统。

中外信息安全企业知识产权竞争态势研究

计算机病毒的传播与杀毒市场的发展,是21世纪伴随信息技术的两大奇特风景。本文从杀毒市场的发展,引申出对国内外企业(特别是研发杀毒产品的企业)的信息安全及其知识产权保护的关注。对我国企业信息安全的建立与知识产权保护制度的运作提出建议。

变汽温法测300MW机组高中压缸间轴封漏汽量的应用实践

介绍了变汽温法测量国产引进型300MW汽轮机高中压缸间轴封漏汽量的应用实践,分析了高中压缸间轴封漏汽量对热耗率和中压缸效率计算值的影响,提出可以使用此法确定同型新投产机组和改造机组热力性能考核试验中高中压缸间的轴封流量,以及监测机组日常运行时高中压缸前轴封运行状况和中压缸通流效率。

Aspirin and Blood Glucose and Insulin Resistance

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder in which blood sugar levels are abnormally high because either absolute or relative insulin deficiency. Treatment of diabetes involves diet, exercise, education and for most people, drugs. Oral antidiabetic drugs and/or insulin doses may be affected by co-administration of many drugs including aspirin. Dose adjustments may be necessary. The pain killer effect of aspirin is best known for its effects on the two cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX1 & COX2), but, recently, aspirin could specifically inhibit the protein I-kappa-β-kinase beta (IKK-beta). This kinase is used for its role in the cascade of signals that activate the nuclear factor kappa-b (NF-kappa-B) family of cellular genes which regulate inflammatory and immune responses. Now, it turns out that IKK-beta also works in another pathway to contribute to insulin resistance by interfering with insulin signaling. Objective: In view of the recent rodent data demonstrating a potentially important role of IKKβ in mediating insulin resistance and the ability of salicylates to inhibit IKKβ activity, we decided to examine the role of different doses of aspirin (low, moderate and high) in experimentally induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: DM in rats were induced by administration of nicotinamide (NAD), 15 min prior to the single dose of streptozotocin STZ i.p. Ninety male albino rats were used in this study. They were divided into 6 main groups. The first was served as control which receives no medications. The second group was diabetic induced rats as mentioned above. The third group was controlled by insulin after induction of D.M. Groups from the fourth to the six consist of 20 diabetic induced rats and further subdivided into rats taking either aspirin alone in different doses (low, moderate or high) or aspirin and insulin. At the end of the protocol, fasting blood sugar level (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1c%), total serum proteins, C-peptide, lipid profile and C-reactive proteins were measured. Results: Different doses of aspirin showed that moderate and to a greater extent high dose aspirin administration to diabetic rats have greater impact on fasting blood glucose levels whether treated with insulin or not. Again, HBA1c% in diabetic rats treated with insulin and receiving HDA was lower than diabetic rats treated with insulin only or even taking LDA in addition. On the contrary, different doses of aspirin (LDA, MDA&HDA) administration to diabetic rats have no any influence on HBA1c% as compared to normal non-diabetic rats. TGs in diabetic rats receiving MDA alone was elevated as compared to normal non-diabetic rats. Again, moderate and HDA in diabetic rats not taking insulin had high TGs level as compared to diabetic rats treated with insulin only. Conclusion: The study concluded that the inflammatory pathways hold a substantial part in insulin resistance in type 2 DM. The influence of salicylate compounds on insulin sensitivity is multifactorial especially in high doses, and involves both beneficial and deleterious effects depending on the species and experimental model studied.

Structural aspects of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks in Shuanghe, Dabie Mountains, China

Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) rocks in Shuanghe was recognized as a slab emplaced into the lower-pressure (LP) country gneisses, while within the UHPM slab the coesite-bearing eclogites, jadeite quartzite, eclogite-bearing marble are structurally concordant with "in situ" schists and gneisses.