Based on the method of reverberation ray matrix（MRRM）, a reverberation matrix for planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko（T） beam members containing completely hinged joints is developed for st...Based on the method of reverberation ray matrix（MRRM）, a reverberation matrix for planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko（T） beam members containing completely hinged joints is developed for static analysis of such structures.In the MRRM for dynamic analysis, amplitudes of arriving and departing waves for joints are chosen as unknown quantities. However, for the present case of static analysis, displacements and rotational angles at the ends of each beam member are directly considered as unknown quantities. The expressions for stiffness matrices for anisotropic beam members are developed. A corresponding reverberation matrix is derived analytically for exact and unified determination on the displacements and internal forces at both ends of each member and arbitrary cross sectional locations in the structure. Numerical examples are given and compared with the finite element method（FEM） results to validate the present model. The characteristic parameter analysis is performed to demonstrate accuracy of the present model with the T beam theory in contrast with errors in the usual model based on the Euler-Bernoulli（EB） beam theory. The resulting reverberation matrix can be used for exact calculation of anisotropic framed structures as well as for parameter analysis of geometrical and material properties of the framed structures.展开更多
AIM： To investigate their expression and activity in the rat ileum after exposure to ionizing radiation along with that of the cellular effectors and molecular mediators involved in the regulation of MMPs. METHODS： ...AIM： To investigate their expression and activity in the rat ileum after exposure to ionizing radiation along with that of the cellular effectors and molecular mediators involved in the regulation of MMPs. METHODS： Rats were exposed to a single 10-Gy dose of X-rays delivered to the abdomen. A combination of methods, such as zymography, immunohistochemistry and real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, were used to localize and quantify MMPs and the molecules involved in MMP activating and inhibitory pathways （plasmin/ plasminogen, TIMPs）, CD^8＋, as well as inflammatory （interleukin （IL）-1β, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-s, TNF-α） and fibrogenic mediators （transforming growth factor- β1-3） within ileal tissue at 1, 3, and 7 d after irradiation. RESULTS： A marked increase in MMP-2 and -14 mRNA and protein levels associated with an increased activity of MMP-2 was observed in irradiated ileal tissue. MMP-2 and -14 expression was mainly observed in inflammatory, epithelial, and mesenchymal cells, whereas a slight increase in MMP-3 expression was detected in the few infiltrating macrophages at d i after irradiation. Conversely, MMP-1, -7, and -9 mRNA levels were not found to be affected by abdominal irradiation. Irradiation was found to induce disappearance of CD^8＋ cells. Furthermore, we have observed that TNF-α and IL-1β protein levels increased 6 h after irradiation, whereas those of IL-8 only increased after 3 d and was concomitant with neutrophil infiltration. In addition, the expressions of molecules involved in MMP activating and inhibitory pathways （urokinase-type plasminogen activator andtissue-type plasminogen activator; TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and plasminogen activator-inhibitor-i） were found to be increased after abdominal irradiation. CONCLUSION： This study showed that abdominal irradiation induces an acute remodeling of the ileum associated with an increased expression of MMPs and TIMPs that do not involve CD^8＋ T cells but involve mesenchymal and epithelial cells, although to a lesser extent, and probably even soluble inflammatory and fibrogenic mediators.展开更多
In the present paper, an attempt is made to obtain the degree of approximation of conjugate of functions (signals) belonging to the generalized weighted W(LP, ξ(t)), (p ≥ 1)-class, by using lower triangular matrix o...In the present paper, an attempt is made to obtain the degree of approximation of conjugate of functions (signals) belonging to the generalized weighted W(LP, ξ(t)), (p ≥ 1)-class, by using lower triangular matrix operator of conjugate series of its Fourier series.展开更多
In this paper, the limitation of T matrix structure is analyzed. It is found that a solution by T matrix method can be transformed to a canonical solution when the boundary of the scatterer tends to the cylindrical ...In this paper, the limitation of T matrix structure is analyzed. It is found that a solution by T matrix method can be transformed to a canonical solution when the boundary of the scatterer tends to the cylindrical form and the scatterer is illuminated by E plane waves. It is concluded that a T matrix is diagonal with the scatter boundary in this limit situation. This is also the best result of numerical solution.展开更多
Objective:To determine the effect of Lentinula edodes extract on ultraviolet(UV)A and UVB-induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)and type I procollagen expression using human immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes....Objective:To determine the effect of Lentinula edodes extract on ultraviolet(UV)A and UVB-induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)and type I procollagen expression using human immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes.Methods:Lentinula edodes ethanol extract(LEE)was obtained by extraction with 80%ethanol for 4 h at 80℃.Effect of LEE on UVinduced alteration on the expression and production of MMPs and type I procollagen in keratinocytes was investigated using ELISA,RT-PCR,and Western blotting assay.To determine the underlying mechanism of LEE-mediated effects,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and activator protein 1 signaling pathways were analysed by Western blotting assay.Results:LEE significantly inhibited the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increased the expression of type I procollagen in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.The phosphorylation levels of p38 were significantly inhibited by LEE whereas it did not affect c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation.Suppression of p38 phosphorylation was also accompanied by downregulation of UVA and UVB-induced increase in c-Fos.Conclusions:LEE effectively inhibits the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increases type I procollagen production through the p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling pathway in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.This findings suggest that Lentinula edodes may be developed as a cosmetic material to suppress UV exposuremediated skin aging.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the expression of CD147 on human ovarian neoplasm cell lines and its influence on production and activation of matrix metallproteinases(MMPs). Methods: The expression of CD147 on different hu...Objective: To investigate the expression of CD147 on human ovarian neoplasm cell lines and its influence on production and activation of matrix metallproteinases(MMPs). Methods: The expression of CD147 on different human ovarian neoplasm cell lines was studied by western blotting. Co-culture was carried out to investigate the stimulative effect of the positive expression CD147 cell HO-8910 on the production of MMPs of fibroblast cell in vitro. Zymography and immune blotting were used to study the production and activity of positive MMPs, at the time, to explore the relation between CD147 and MMPs. Results: CD147 was positively presented in 2 ovarian neoplasm cell lines(HO-8910,3-AO), but in SKOV3, TC-1,NIN3T3 cell was negative. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected by HO-8910 cell line, mouse fibroblast cell and co-culture cells; but the expression in co-culture cell is obviously higher than individual cultures of each type alone.CD147 stimulated MMPs in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: CD147 causes increased production and activation of MMP-2, MMP-9.CD147 is probably a indirect marker of some ovarian cancer cells with invasion and metastasis.展开更多
Objective: To study the kinetics and distribution of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, phe-notypic modulation, and various extracellular matrix (ECM) components accumulation during vein graft remodeling. Methods...Objective: To study the kinetics and distribution of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, phe-notypic modulation, and various extracellular matrix (ECM) components accumulation during vein graft remodeling. Methods: Normal vein and vein graft in carotid arteries were examined on d 4, d 7, d 14, d 60 and d180 after bypass grafting with immunohistochemical markers of cellular proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA), cytoskeletal protein production (a-actin SMC), myosin heavy chain (MHO iso-forms, ECM proteins, and histochemistry (hematoxylin eosin and Elastica-van Gieson stain). Results: Normal veins demonstrated an extremely low level of cellular proliferation and expressed as adult phenotype SM-Cs in media. After bypass grafting, medial SMCs in the graft appeared to be damaged and began to proliferate on d 4, and subsequently migrated and formed the neointima on d 7. Thereafter, the neointima thickened throughout the 180-day period of the experiment, although the neointimal SMC proliferation decreased after d 14. Meanwhile SMCs underwent a distinct phenotypic change from normal adult type to embryonic type. On d 60, embryonic phenotype SMCs began to return to the adult phenotype, but remain to be present in the neointima for as long as 180 d. ECM components including type I collagen, heparin sulfate proteoglucan (HSPG), and dermatan sulfate proteoglcan (decorin) were detected within the neointima on d 7. Thereafter, the accumulation of ECM increased progressively with time. On d 180, a large amount of ECM components were found in the neointima. HSPG mainly accumulated in the superficial and cellular region of the neointima , decorin, on other hand, located in hypocellular area deep in neointima. Type I collagen scatted in both regions. The elastic fibers became rich and arranged continuously in the neointima. Conclusion: The neointima of vein graft was initially formed by proliferation of the embryonic-type SMCs and then thickened infinitely due to ECM accumulation. Prolonged existence of the embryonic-type SMCs in the neointima may contribute to ECM accumulation and increase in the neointima thickness infinitely, which may predispose accelerated stenosis in the vein graft.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities(NCET)by the Ministry of Education of China(No.NCET-04-0373)
文摘Based on the method of reverberation ray matrix（MRRM）, a reverberation matrix for planar framed structures composed of anisotropic Timoshenko（T） beam members containing completely hinged joints is developed for static analysis of such structures.In the MRRM for dynamic analysis, amplitudes of arriving and departing waves for joints are chosen as unknown quantities. However, for the present case of static analysis, displacements and rotational angles at the ends of each beam member are directly considered as unknown quantities. The expressions for stiffness matrices for anisotropic beam members are developed. A corresponding reverberation matrix is derived analytically for exact and unified determination on the displacements and internal forces at both ends of each member and arbitrary cross sectional locations in the structure. Numerical examples are given and compared with the finite element method（FEM） results to validate the present model. The characteristic parameter analysis is performed to demonstrate accuracy of the present model with the T beam theory in contrast with errors in the usual model based on the Euler-Bernoulli（EB） beam theory. The resulting reverberation matrix can be used for exact calculation of anisotropic framed structures as well as for parameter analysis of geometrical and material properties of the framed structures.
文摘AIM： To investigate their expression and activity in the rat ileum after exposure to ionizing radiation along with that of the cellular effectors and molecular mediators involved in the regulation of MMPs. METHODS： Rats were exposed to a single 10-Gy dose of X-rays delivered to the abdomen. A combination of methods, such as zymography, immunohistochemistry and real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, were used to localize and quantify MMPs and the molecules involved in MMP activating and inhibitory pathways （plasmin/ plasminogen, TIMPs）, CD^8＋, as well as inflammatory （interleukin （IL）-1β, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-s, TNF-α） and fibrogenic mediators （transforming growth factor- β1-3） within ileal tissue at 1, 3, and 7 d after irradiation. RESULTS： A marked increase in MMP-2 and -14 mRNA and protein levels associated with an increased activity of MMP-2 was observed in irradiated ileal tissue. MMP-2 and -14 expression was mainly observed in inflammatory, epithelial, and mesenchymal cells, whereas a slight increase in MMP-3 expression was detected in the few infiltrating macrophages at d i after irradiation. Conversely, MMP-1, -7, and -9 mRNA levels were not found to be affected by abdominal irradiation. Irradiation was found to induce disappearance of CD^8＋ cells. Furthermore, we have observed that TNF-α and IL-1β protein levels increased 6 h after irradiation, whereas those of IL-8 only increased after 3 d and was concomitant with neutrophil infiltration. In addition, the expressions of molecules involved in MMP activating and inhibitory pathways （urokinase-type plasminogen activator andtissue-type plasminogen activator; TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and plasminogen activator-inhibitor-i） were found to be increased after abdominal irradiation. CONCLUSION： This study showed that abdominal irradiation induces an acute remodeling of the ileum associated with an increased expression of MMPs and TIMPs that do not involve CD^8＋ T cells but involve mesenchymal and epithelial cells, although to a lesser extent, and probably even soluble inflammatory and fibrogenic mediators.
文摘In the present paper, an attempt is made to obtain the degree of approximation of conjugate of functions (signals) belonging to the generalized weighted W(LP, ξ(t)), (p ≥ 1)-class, by using lower triangular matrix operator of conjugate series of its Fourier series.
文摘In this paper, the limitation of T matrix structure is analyzed. It is found that a solution by T matrix method can be transformed to a canonical solution when the boundary of the scatterer tends to the cylindrical form and the scatterer is illuminated by E plane waves. It is concluded that a T matrix is diagonal with the scatter boundary in this limit situation. This is also the best result of numerical solution.
基金supported by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy,Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology and Busan Institute For Regional Program Evaluation through the Encouragement Program for the Social and Economic Innovation Growth(project number,P0008724)
文摘Objective:To determine the effect of Lentinula edodes extract on ultraviolet(UV)A and UVB-induced changes in matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)and type I procollagen expression using human immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes.Methods:Lentinula edodes ethanol extract(LEE)was obtained by extraction with 80%ethanol for 4 h at 80℃.Effect of LEE on UVinduced alteration on the expression and production of MMPs and type I procollagen in keratinocytes was investigated using ELISA,RT-PCR,and Western blotting assay.To determine the underlying mechanism of LEE-mediated effects,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and activator protein 1 signaling pathways were analysed by Western blotting assay.Results:LEE significantly inhibited the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increased the expression of type I procollagen in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.The phosphorylation levels of p38 were significantly inhibited by LEE whereas it did not affect c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation.Suppression of p38 phosphorylation was also accompanied by downregulation of UVA and UVB-induced increase in c-Fos.Conclusions:LEE effectively inhibits the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-9 and increases type I procollagen production through the p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling pathway in UVA and UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes.This findings suggest that Lentinula edodes may be developed as a cosmetic material to suppress UV exposuremediated skin aging.
文摘Objective: To investigate the expression of CD147 on human ovarian neoplasm cell lines and its influence on production and activation of matrix metallproteinases(MMPs). Methods: The expression of CD147 on different human ovarian neoplasm cell lines was studied by western blotting. Co-culture was carried out to investigate the stimulative effect of the positive expression CD147 cell HO-8910 on the production of MMPs of fibroblast cell in vitro. Zymography and immune blotting were used to study the production and activity of positive MMPs, at the time, to explore the relation between CD147 and MMPs. Results: CD147 was positively presented in 2 ovarian neoplasm cell lines(HO-8910,3-AO), but in SKOV3, TC-1,NIN3T3 cell was negative. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected by HO-8910 cell line, mouse fibroblast cell and co-culture cells; but the expression in co-culture cell is obviously higher than individual cultures of each type alone.CD147 stimulated MMPs in dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: CD147 causes increased production and activation of MMP-2, MMP-9.CD147 is probably a indirect marker of some ovarian cancer cells with invasion and metastasis.
文摘Objective: To study the kinetics and distribution of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, phe-notypic modulation, and various extracellular matrix (ECM) components accumulation during vein graft remodeling. Methods: Normal vein and vein graft in carotid arteries were examined on d 4, d 7, d 14, d 60 and d180 after bypass grafting with immunohistochemical markers of cellular proliferation (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA), cytoskeletal protein production (a-actin SMC), myosin heavy chain (MHO iso-forms, ECM proteins, and histochemistry (hematoxylin eosin and Elastica-van Gieson stain). Results: Normal veins demonstrated an extremely low level of cellular proliferation and expressed as adult phenotype SM-Cs in media. After bypass grafting, medial SMCs in the graft appeared to be damaged and began to proliferate on d 4, and subsequently migrated and formed the neointima on d 7. Thereafter, the neointima thickened throughout the 180-day period of the experiment, although the neointimal SMC proliferation decreased after d 14. Meanwhile SMCs underwent a distinct phenotypic change from normal adult type to embryonic type. On d 60, embryonic phenotype SMCs began to return to the adult phenotype, but remain to be present in the neointima for as long as 180 d. ECM components including type I collagen, heparin sulfate proteoglucan (HSPG), and dermatan sulfate proteoglcan (decorin) were detected within the neointima on d 7. Thereafter, the accumulation of ECM increased progressively with time. On d 180, a large amount of ECM components were found in the neointima. HSPG mainly accumulated in the superficial and cellular region of the neointima , decorin, on other hand, located in hypocellular area deep in neointima. Type I collagen scatted in both regions. The elastic fibers became rich and arranged continuously in the neointima. Conclusion: The neointima of vein graft was initially formed by proliferation of the embryonic-type SMCs and then thickened infinitely due to ECM accumulation. Prolonged existence of the embryonic-type SMCs in the neointima may contribute to ECM accumulation and increase in the neointima thickness infinitely, which may predispose accelerated stenosis in the vein graft.
