高铁品牌效应与市场竞争力:机理与实例

运输品牌建设形成的良好声誉有助于降低人们获取出行信息的选择成本,这是品牌对于运输企业市场竞争力发生作用的内在机理,是运输经济学领域的研究前沿,以高速铁路为研究案例验证上述理论机理。主要结论是:(1)随着运输距离递增,运输市场结构表现为逐渐由以公路为寡头垄断—公路与高速铁路垄断竞争—以高速铁路为寡头垄断—高速铁路与航空垄断竞争—航空寡头垄断的变化过程。(2)寡头垄断市场结构下高铁品牌基本层面建设为有效行为,垄断竞争市场结构下高铁品牌附加层面建设为有效行为。

公平性偏好、教师敬业度和院(系)竞争力的相关性研究——基于高等院校院(系)的数据检验

高校教师的公平性偏好是高校竞争力的源泉之一。我国高校的公平性文化建设存在诸多障碍,制约了教师敬业度的培养。基于我国高校院(系)的样本数据,借助于结构方程模型,经验性的研究揭示了公平性偏好、教师敬业度和院(系)竞争力之间的内在关系,发现了公平性偏好对教师敬业度及教师敬业度对院(系)竞争力的有效激励路径,从而为我国高校的公平性文化建设和公平性教育改革提供了理论启示。研究发现:职务晋升公平和职称晋级公平对教学敬业度和科研敬业度均存在着促进作用;绩效测评公平仅对科研敬业存在促进作用;教学敬业度和科研敬业度对院(系)竞争力均存在着促进作用,但促进效应存在着差异。

环保型特种溶剂油的市场及竞争力分析

本文重点介绍了国内环保型特种溶剂油的产品特点和市场现状,认为生产环保型特种溶剂油可以提高产品档次和附加值,增加企业经济效益。

Status quo and Enhancement of Competitiveness of Cut Flower Industry in China

The research reviewed status quo and problems of China＇s cut flowers and proposed countermeasures and suggestions in improving its competitiveness in order to provide theoretical references for its development.

Does Environmental Regulation Weaken Industrial Competitiveness?Inspirations from China’s Iron and Steel Sector

China＇s economic growth is heavily influenced by exports, while reconciling environmental regulation and economic growth requires handling the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness well. The effects of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness are largely subject to the institutional design of environmental regulation. Despite numerous studies on the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness, a consensus has yet to be reached. Aside from differences in research methodology, these studies failed to give sufficient consideration to the impact of environmental regulation on industrial competitiveness. Such effects can be negative or positive depending on the design of environmental regulatory policy. This paper has investigated the relationship between environmental regulation and the competitiveness of China＇s iron and steel industry and discovered that tighter environmental regulation does not diminish the competitiveness of the iron and steel industry since the policy design of environmental regulation accommodates the tolerance of advanced production capacity and includes a reasonable cost sharing mechanism. This discovery is of important reference for China to develop rational policy design to balance the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial competitiveness.

Chinese and US Economies in Comparison and Interaction:Now and Future as China Economist Surveys

China Economist has continuously carried out surveys among economists and this round of survey focuses on comparison and interactions between China＇s and the United States＇ economies. The result of the survey shows that economists are generally optimistic about the outlook of both countries＇economies. Respondents believed that great differences exist in the components of industrial competitiveness of China and the US; while the US leads in terms of talent, creativity, social system, industrial system integrity and financing, cost is the biggest barrier to improvement in US competitiveness. In comparison, China leads in infrastructure, cost competitiveness and government driving force but inadequate technology is the biggest barrier to improvement in China＇s competitiveness. Respondents believed that in the coming 20years, China＇s economic growth will be 5.2% and US growth will be 2.4%. Around 2034, China＇s economic aggregate will equal the US level but it will take over 60 years for China to catch up with the US in terms of per capita GDP. China＇s manufacturing technology will equal the US level around 2045. More than 62% of economists believed that the Trump administration will effectively re-shore manufacturing and the average score they give to Trump＇s ＂first 100 days ＂＂ in office is 76 points. More than 61% of economists considered it unlikely that a serious trade war will break out between China and the US. They generally believed that China and the US cooperate and compete with each other and that China-US trade enjoys great potential to grow. According to the survey, respondents are more confident about China＇s debt sustainability in comparison with the US.

Development of Vegetable Industry in Summer in Cool Areas in Qinghai Plateau

The research surveyed advantages of summer vegetabIe production and status quo of summer vegetabIe industry in Qinghal PIateau, analyzed comparative advantages and existing probIems of summer vegetabIe production, and proposed suggestions of summer vegetabIe deveIopment in Qinghal Province according to market demands.

Economic Competitiveness of China and the US:Comparison,Dynamic Change and Global Position

Research of competitiveness of China and the United States is of great significance to enhancing China＇s economic competitiveness and achieving the objective of national rejuvenation. By creating a competitiveness framework and a system of heterogeneous indicators, this paper investigates the competitiveness of China and the US in terms of current status, historic change and global environment. Our research led to the following findings： core factors determine the level of competitiveness for China and the US; the national competitiveness of both countries is evolving towards structural homogeneity; and China and the US lead most countries in many common areas. China has the potential to overtake the US in competitiveness in the future. We suggest that China increase its competitiveness by promoting its advantages, addressing its weaknesses and focusing on core areas.

Revealed comparative advantage and competitiveness of China’s agricultural products

This paper deals with the competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products, base on the index of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) using lots of data for the period of 1980 to 2003. The index is useful in identifying the demarcation between comparative advantage and comparative disadvantage. The research indicates that some agro-products in China such as edible vegetables and tea have a comparative advantage, but the RCA values have been declining over the 24-year period, which has vast impacts on future reform in China’s agricultural structure.

Analysis on the Competitiveness of Industrial Real Estate Based on Diamond Model ——Taking Jiangxi Province as an Example

Based on the current development of industrial real estate of Jiangxi Province, comprehensive analysis was conducted to 6 aspects using the idea of diamond model, namely, factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, firm strategy, structure and rivalry, government and chance through the comparison with the other industrial real estates and analysis on horizontal competition in China. Development countermeasures were investigated to improve the competitiveness of the industrial real estate in Guangxi, putting forward the strategies of developing the role of government and business, seizing the opportunities of the times, city-industry integration development, implementation of industrial integration and integration of city development, the implementation of industrial integration and investment planning.

Growth and Competition of Fourteen Herb Species in Experimental Microcoenosiums

Growth and competition of 14 herb species were investigated in the experimental microcoenosiums in laboratory under the following environmental factors and treatment levels: high and low fertility, clipping and un-clipping, and with and without microbial infusion. The most intense competition and the biggest difference in biomass among the species were detected in the high fertility microcoenosiums subjected to no clipping disturbance. Clippings or low fertility reduced the growth of the competitors and resulted in more even biomass distribution among the species. Successive clippings reduced the total accumulative biomass of the microcoenosiums. Microbial infusion significantly increased the growth of legume species Lotus corniculatus L. and Trifolium pratense L. The growth of Alopecurus pratensis L. was also raised by microbial infusion, whereas Dactylis glomerata L. had more biomass in without-microbial-infusion microcoenosiums than in microbial infusion ones. Most of the 14 species were not obviously affected. The positive effect of microbial infusion was more marked in the low fertility microcoenosiums.

Analysis on the Core Competitiveness of Rice Seed Industry in Guangxi Province Based on Diamond Model

By using diamond model, the current development status and core competitiveness of the rice seed industry in Guangxi Province were analyzed in detail from the 6 aspects of production factors, demand factors, related industries and support industries, firm strategy, chance factor and government factor, which clarified the advantages of the rice seed industry of Guangxi in the nature and technological factors, firm strategy and government policy, and the disadvantages in demand factors, production cost, infrastructure and related industries. And the corresponding countermeasures were proposed to enhance the competitiveness of the rice seed industry of Guangxi.

Strategies to Promote the Urban Tourism Competitiveness in Shenyang Based on Modern Service Industry Framework

By describing the status quo of tourism industry in Shenyang and by eval- uating and comparatively analyzing the tourism competitiveness in the four cities of Shenyang, Dalian, Changchuan and Harbin, this paper points out advantages and existing problems in tourism competitiveness of Shenyang and finally comes up with strategies to promote the competitiveness of tourism in Shenyang.

Spatial Disparity and Efficiency of Science and Technology Resources in China

In the knowledge economy era,science and technology(S&T) resources are getting more and more important in shaping regional competiveness and building regional innovation capacity.As such,the spatial distribution of S&T resources is a key to understanding regional development and disparities.By designing an input-output indicator system,this paper develops an evaluation model to examine the spatial distribution of S&T resources in China and assess their spatial efficiency.Moreover,the paper tries to explain spatial differences in the efficiency of S&T resources in China.Major findings are:1) the input and output of S&T resources in China shows a clear T-shaped spatial structure,i.e.,concentrated mainly in the coastal region and along the Changjiang(Yangtze) River;2) the efficiency of S&T resources in China displays strong spatial disparities,with the level of efficiency descending from the east to the west while high efficiency appearing in only several clusters;3) the utilization rates of S&T resources in most provinces are quite low,resulting in low efficiency of S&T resources allocation.The paper suggests that the utilization rate of S&T resources should be raised and the commercialization of S&T outputs should be enhanced to improve the efficiency of S&T resources in China.

Four basic laws in design science

A point on the distinction between design and science is given and the connotanons of aeslgn science are discussed in the paper. Design should be understood as the first step of all human＇ s purposeful activity, which is a daily behavior for everyone. Four laws are summarized, which describe the basic patterns of design and are the constituents of design science. They are the law of design based on existed knowledge, law of in- completeness of design knowledge, law of design centered on new knowledge acquirement and law of competi- tiveness of design knowledge. The four basic laws show the knowledge essence of design. To enrich the existed knowledge, to make it convenient to be used, to teach designers with high intuition and inspiration in picking useful elements of existed knowledge and shaping competitive ideas and to have strong new knowledge acquire- ment facility are the basic conditions of good designs. Study of design science will promote the structure of tra- ditional engineering education. An important conclusion is derived that there will be no successful innovation without good design.

Adsorption and desorption behaviors of ssDNA molecules on mica surface by surface forces apparatus

An approach for studying the adsorption and desorption behaviors of single-stranded DNA（ ssDNA） molecules on the mica surface by the surface forces apparatus（ SFA） is reported,which can be used to characterize the precise thickness,configuration and mechanical properties of ssDNA layers on the mica surface at a certain buffer solution. The formation of ss DNA layers is first studied by tuning the ssDNA concentrations, and the experimental results indicate that the ss DNA concentration of 100 ng / μL is ideal for forming a ssDNA monolayer structure on the mica surface, and the hardwall value measured to be 1.04 nm under this circumstance is regarded as the thickness of the ssDNA monolayer confined on mica. The desorption behavior of ssDNA molecules from the mica surface is further studied by observing and comparing different shapes of the force-distance curves under certain conditions. It is found that the desorption of ss DNA molecules from the mica surface occurs as the monovalent salts are added into the gap buffer. It is inferred that the competition effect between monovalent and divalent salts can induce the release of ssDNA from substrate.The results also reveal that 10 mmol / L monovalent salts（ Na~＋）is sufficient for the desorption of ssDNA from mica. This work provides an applicable method to study the binding mechanism of ss DNA molecules on inorganic substrates.

Spatial Distribution Patterns of Cultural Facilities in Shenzhen Based on GIS and Big Data

As the city’s soft powef,culture is the basic core of urban competitiveness. The spatial concentration of cultufal facilities can show the development status of the dtfs cultural functions in the spatial kyout. In this paper,POI data of Baidu Maps were used to conduct kernel density analysis and comprehensive evaluation of the spatial distribution of cultural facilities in Shenzhen; mean center point method was used to measure the degree of deviation between Shenzhen population centers and cultural facilities centers; the nearest distance method was used to measure the spatial distribution of cultural facilities space and the accessibility to geometdc centers of streets. The results showed that among the four types of cultural facilities in Shenzhen, librades were the most concentrated, accounting for 63% of the total number of cultural facilities, followed by cultxite and arts centers, museiims, and galleries; tiiere was a great disparity in the number of cultural facilities in various districts and subdistricts in Shenzhen, with a clear agglomeration effect in space; from the district level, cultural faculties spatially distributed from the southwest to the northeast by three gradients; from the street leviel, cultural facilities showed the distribution pattern of ^decreasing from west to eastf and a high d^tee of recognition for convenient transportation; the cultural facilities inside the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone （except Yantdan District） were more reasonable in spatial distribution, and the number of people served was more than that of cultural Realities outside the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, while residents outside the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone enjoyed significantly more cultutal facilities than that inside the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone; the goal of the e￡10-min cultutal dtdeJ, in Shenzhen had been initially completed, that is, residents could reach 72.41% of the streets with cultural facilities within a 10-min ／raJk, but thefe were still 50% districts and 5.1% streets that wefe equipped with, unreasonably distributed cultufal facilities or few cultufal facilities.

Role of Organic Acids in Desorption of Mercury from Contaminated Soils in Eastern Shandong Province,China

Batch experiments were conducted to study the effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids(LMWOAs) on desorption of Hg from two kinds of soils in the eastern Shandong Province,China.Of all LMWOAs,oxalic and citric acids were chosen as the representatives in this experiment because they are most common in soils.Desorption of Hg increases with the increase of extracting time,until the highest desorption amount at 6-8 h,and then declines.It indicates that timeliness is very important when organic acids are used for phytoremediation in contaminated soils.When the concentrations of organic acids increase from 1.0 mmol/L to 10.0 mmol/L,Hg desorption increases significantly regardless of oxalic or citric acid.Compared with oxalic acid,citric acid is more effective to enhance the desorption of Hg,especially from fluvo-aquic soil.With the increase of initial pH value from 3 to 8,Hg desorption decreases directly in the presence of oxalic acid.However,Hg desorption first decreases,then increases,and eventually decreases again in the presence of citric acid due to the variation of competitive ability between chelating of citric acid and adsorption of soil in different pH values.Citric acid showed greater ability to release Hg from soils than oxalic acid.According to the results of the present study,it is found that the bioavailabilities of heavy metal can be improved with selecting suitable types and concentrations of organic acid amendment and reasonable soil condition.

Dynamic Evaluation on Regional Tourism Competitiveness:Urban Agglomeration of Shandong Peninsula,Eastern China

The article establishes the appraisal index system for entire urban agglomeration and its interior cities individually,concretely including five aspects:driving forces for tourism development,the level of tourism development,tourism impacts,tourism economic connection and tourism contributions of different cities to the whole urban agglomeration.As tourism competitiveness has the characteristics of comprehensiveness,systematicness and dynamicness,the article attempts to apply the structural prediction means of system dynamics to evaluating tourism competitiveness,aiming to provide some research methods and analysis ideas for tourism competitiveness measurement and trends analysis in urban agglomeration.Taking Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration as the study area,the article simulates and analyzes the tourism competitiveness trend of the whole region and its interior cities from 2005 to 2020,and the result reflects that integrated development and regional combination of tourism are important means to upgrade tourism competitiveness in this region.

Forecasting promising technology using analysis of patent information:Focused on next generation mobile communications

In order to forecast promising technologies in the field of next generation mobile communication, various patent indicators were analyzed such as citation per patent, patent family information, patent share, increase rate, and patent activity. These indicators were quantified into several indexes and then integrated into an evaluation score to provide promising technologies. As a result of the suggested patent analysis, four technologies out of twenty two in details classification were selected, which showed outstanding technology competitiveness, high patent share and increasing rates as well as high recent-patent-ratios and triad-patent-family-ratios. Each of the selected technologies scored more than 10 points in total, and the following four technologies were suggested as promising ones in the field of next generation mobile communication: 1) 3GPP based mobile communication, 2) beyond 4G mobile communication, 3) IEEE 802.16 based mobile communication, which are in medium classification of broadband mobile communication system, and 4) testing/certification system of mobile communication, which is in medium classification of mobile communication testing/certification system.